SYNGNATHIDAE

Acentronura tentaculata Günther 1870

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Duncker 1915).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Lieske & Myers 2010 as Acantronura tentaculata).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940).

General distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden.

Bryx analicarens (Duncker 1915)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Dawson 1981a).

General distribution: Southern Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, Seychelles and Madagascar to Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf.

Choeroichthys valencienni Kaup 1856

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1976, as Choeroichthys brachysoma), Israel (Dawson 1976, as Choeroichthys brachysoma).

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Dawson 1976, as Choeroichthys brachysoma), Saudi Arabia (Lieske & Myers 2010).

General distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Africa east to Amirantes, Madagascar and western Mascarenes.

Remark: previous records of Choeroichthys brachysoma (non Bleeker 1855) are based on this species (see Kuiter 2009).

Corythoichthys flavofasciatus (Rüppell 1838)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dawson 1977a).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1977a), Jordan (Paulus 1991).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Syngnathus flavofasciatus), Sudan (Bamber 1915, as Corythoichthys fasciatus), Eritrea (Borsieri 1904, as Syngnathus flavofasciatus), Saudi Arabia (Rüppell 1838, as Syngnathus flavofasciatus).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa east to Indonesia.

Corythoichthys nigripectus Herald 1953

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1977a), Jordan (Paulus 1991).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Dawson 1977a).

General distribution: Red Sea; western Pacific: Eastern Indonesia east to Marshall and Society islands.

Remark: The Red Sea population possibly represents an undescribed, endemic species (see Kuiter 2009: 205, Corythoichthys sp. 12).

Corythoichthys schultzi Herald 1953

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Golani 1999; El-Ganainy et al 2005).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1977a), Jordan (Paulus 1991).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Goren & Spanier 1985), Sudan (Dawson 1977a), Eritrea (Dawson 1977a).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Tonga.

Cosmocampus banneri (Herald & Randall 1972)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: (Dawson 1985).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Fiji and Tonga.

Cosmocampus maxweberi (Whitley 1933)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: (Dawson 1980).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia east to Marshall Islands and Samoa.

Doryrhamphus abbreviatus Dawson 1981

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dawson 1981b, as Doryrhamphus excisus abbreviatus).

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Dawson 1981b, as Doryrhamphus excisus abbreviatus), Sudan (Bamber 1915, as Doryrhamphus excisus), Eritrea (Kaup 1856, as Doryrhamphus excisus), Saudi Arabia (Dawson 1981b, as Doryrhamphus excisus abbreviatus).

General distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden.

Dunckerocampus boylei Kuiter 1998

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dor 1970, as Dunckerocampus dactyliophorus), Israel (Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952, as Acanthognathus dactyliophorus), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997, as Doryrhamphus dactyliophorus).

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Lieske & Myers 2010).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Amirantes and Mauritius east to Indonesia.

Dunckerocampus multiannulatus (Regan 1903)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1985), Israel (Fowler & Steinitz 1956, as Dunckerocampus ben-tuviae), Jordan (Debelius 2007).

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Lieske & Myers 2010).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa east to western Indonesia.

Halicampus dunckeri (Chabanaud 1929)

Red Sea: Egypt (Haroun et al. 2017).

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: (Dawson 1985).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Philippines and Papua New Guinea.

Halicampus grayi Kaup 1856

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Southern Red Sea main basin: (Kuiter 2009).

General distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden east to southern Japan and Philippines.

Halicampus macrorhynchus Bamber 1915

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Bamber 1915).

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Tortonese 1968, as Phanerotokeus macrorhynchus; Dawson 1985).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940, as Phanerotokeus gohari), Sudan (Bamber 1915).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Philippines and Fiji.

Halicampus mataafae (Jordan & Seale 1906)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Dawson 1985); Eritrea (Dawson 1985).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Palau and Fiji.

Hippichthys cyanospilus (Bleeker 1854)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dollfus & Petit 1938, as Syngnathus cyanospilus).

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Dawson 1978).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940, as Syngnathus cyanospilus), Eritrea (Dawson 1978), Yemen (Dollfus & Petit 1938, as Syngnathus cyanospilus).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Palau and Fiji.

Hippichthys spicifer (Rüppell 1838)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Rüppell 1838, as Syngnathus spicifer).

Gulf of Aqaba:

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Syngnathus spicifer and S. tapeinosoma), Eritrea (Picaglia 1895, as Syngnathus tapeinosoma).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Caroline and Mariana islands, Samoa and Tonga.

* Hippocampus debelius Gomon & Kuiter 2009

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Debelius 2007, as Hippocampus lichtensteinii).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Gomon & Kuiter 2009).

General distribution: Northern Red Sea endemic.

* Hippocampus fuscus Rüppell 1838

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Duméril 1870).

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Fowler & Steinitz 1956, as Hippocampus kuda), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997, as Hippocampus kuda).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871), Saudi Arabia (Rüppell 1838).

General distribution: Red Sea endemic.

Remark: Lessepsian migrant into eastern Mediterranean (see Golani & Fine 2002).

Hippocampus jayakari Boulenger 1900

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Lieske & Myers 2010), Israel (Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952, as Hippocampus aff. jayakari; Golani & Lerner 2007), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997, as Hippocampus histrix).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940, as Hippocampus histrix), Sudan (Bamber 1915, as Hippocampus histrix), Saudi Arabia (Debelius 2007).

General distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East African east to Maldives.

Hippocampus suezensis Duncker 1940

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Duncker 1940).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Lieske & Myers 2010).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Oman east to Pakistan.

Kyonemichthys rumengani Gomon 2007

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Bogorodsky et al. 2011a).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: southern Japan to eastern Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

* Lissocampus bannwarthi (Duncker 1915)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Duncker 1915, as Ichthyocampus bannwarthi).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1977b), Israel (Fishelson 1995).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940, as Ichthyocampus bannwarthi).

General distribution: Red Sea endemic.

Micrognathus andersonii (Bleeker 1858)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dawson 1982; Golani 1999).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1982), Israel (Dawson 1982).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Goren & Spanier 1985), Eritrea (Dawson 1982), Saudi Arabia (Dawson 1982). General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to southern Japan, Mariana and Society islands.

Micrognathus brevirostris (Rüppell 1838)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Norman 1927).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1982, as Micrognathus brevirostris brevirostris), Israel (Steinitz & Ben-Tuvia 1955).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Syngnathus brevirostris), Sudan (Bamber 1915), Eritrea (Rüppell 1838, as Syngnathus brevirostris).

General distribution: Red Sea, northwestern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Aden.

Phoxocampus belcheri (Kaup 1856)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Dawson 1977c).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1915, as Ichthyocampus belcheri).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to southern Japan, Philippines, Fiji and Tonga. Siokunichthys bentuviai Clark 1966

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dawson 1983).

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Clark 1966; Dawson 1983).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden east to Indonesia.

Siokunichthys herrei Herald 1953

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Clark 1966; Dawson 1983).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines.

Syngnathoides biaculeatus (Bloch 1785)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dollfus & Petit 1938).

Gulf of Aqaba: (Dawson 1985).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Gastrotokeus biaculeatus).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Samoa.

* Syngnathus macrophthalmus Duncker 1915

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Duncker 1915).

Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Paulus 1992).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940).

General distribution: Red Sea endemic.

* Syngnathus safina Paulus 1992

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Paulus 1992).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea endemic.

Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus (Bleeker 1857)

Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Dollfus & Petit 1938, as Yozia bicoarctata erythraeensis; Dawson 1984).

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Dawson 1984), Israel (Tortonese 1968, as Yozia bicoarctata; Dawson 1984), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Duncker 1940, as Yozia bicoarctata).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Mariana Islands and New Guinea.

Trachyrhamphus longirostris Kaup 1856

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Dawson 1984).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to southern Japan and Philippines.