MURAENIDAE

Echidna nebulosa (Ahl 1789)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952), Israel (Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena nebulosa), Eritrea (Borsieri 1904, as Muraena nebulosa), Saudi Arabia (Botros 1971, as Muraena nebulosa), Yemen (Botros 1971, as Muraena nebulosa). General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Panama.

Echidna polyzona (Richardson 1845)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952), Israel (Randall & Golani 1995), Jordan (Khalaf 2004).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena polyzona).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall and Tuamotu islands.

Enchelycore bayeri (Schultz 1953)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Saudi Arabia (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Réunion, Maldives and Chagos Archipelago east to Line, Marquesas and Society islands.

Enchelycore schismatorhynchus (Bleeker 1853)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena hemprichii; Böhlke & Smith 2002, Debelius 2007 as Gymnothorax monochrous).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Chagos Archipelago east to Society and Marquesas islands.

Gymnomuraena zebra (Shaw 1797)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997, as Echidna zebra).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena zebra), Eritrea (Clark et al. 1968, as Echidna zebra), Saudi Arabia (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775, as Muraena ophis; see Fricke 2008); Yemen (Forsskål in Niebuhr 1775, as Muraena ophis; see Fricke 2008).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Revillagigedo Archipelago and Mexico.

Gymnothorax angusticauda (Weber & de Beaufort 1916)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: Saudi Arabia (Bogorodsky et al. 2014b).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.

Gymnothorax atolli (Pietschmann 1935)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Böhlke & McCosker 2001).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, western Pacific: southern Japan, Lord Howe Island, Hawaiian Islands Chain.

* Gymnothorax baranesi Smith, Brokovich & Einbinder 2008

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Smith et al. 2008).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Gulf of Aqaba endemic.

Gymnothorax buroensis (Bleeker 1857)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952, as Gymnothorax meleagris), Israel (Randall & Golani 1995), Jordan (Khalaf 2004).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena corallina), Eritrea (Tortonese 1957, as Gymnothorax meleagris and G. corallinus).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Panama.

Gymnothorax elegans Bliss 1883

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Ajiad & El-Absy 1986, as Lycodontis elegans).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian and Society islands.

Gymnothorax favagineus Bloch & Schneider 1801

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Yemen (Randall 1994c).

General distribution: Southern Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to southern Japan and Papua New Guinea.

Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell 1830)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952, as Gymnothorax flavimarginata), Jordan (Khalaf 2004).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena flavimarginata), Sudan (Randall & Golani 1995), Eritrea (Tortonese 1957), Saudi Arabia (Roux-Estève & Fourmanoir 1955, as Gymnothorax flavomarginatus). General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Panama.

Gymnothorax griseus (Lacepède 1803)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Marshall 1952, as Gymnothorax geometrica), Israel (Steinitz & Ben-Tuvia 1955, as Gymnothorax geometricus; Tortonese 1968, as Echidna grisea), Jordan (Bouchon et al. 1981, as Siderea grisea).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena geometrica; Diamant & Shpigel 1985, as Siderea grisea), Sudan (Botros 1971, as Gymnothorax geometricus; Krupp 1990, as Siderea grisea), Eritrea (Rüppell 1830, as Muraena geometrica), Saudi Arabia (Rüppell 1838, as Muraena bilineata; Tortonese 1983, as Echidna grisea), Yemen (Debelius 2007, as Siderea grisea).

General distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Africa and Transkei (South Africa) to Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes.

Gymnothorax hepaticus (Rüppell 1830)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Jordan (Khalaf 2004, as Gymnothorax monochrous).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena hepatica), Sudan (Bamber 1915, as Gymnothorax hepatica), Eritrea (Kossmann & Räuber 1877, as Muraena cinerascens), Saudi Arabia (Rüppell 1830, as Muraena cinerascens), Yemen (D'Ancona 1928, as Leptocephalus muraenae hepatica).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: India east to Samoa.

Gymnothorax javanicus (Bleeker 1859)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Khalaf 2004).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena javanica), Sudan (Randall & Golani 1995), Yemen (Heda et al. 1998).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands, Pitcairn Group and Cocos Island.

Gymnothorax johnsoni (Smith 1962)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Israel (McCosker et al. 1983), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997).

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea, western Indian Ocean: East Africa to Madagascar and Mascarenes.

Gymnothorax moluccensis (Bleeker 1864)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Yemen (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Christmas Island and Indonesia to Gulf of Thailand and Queensland (Australia).

Gymnothorax nudivomer (Günther 1867)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Israel (Fowler & Steinitz 1956), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997). Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands.

Gymnothorax pictus (Ahl 1789)

Red Sea: Egypt (Haroun et al. 2017).

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Randall & Golani 1995, as Siderea picta).

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Tortonese 1935), Saudi Arabia (Tortonese 1983).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Panama.

Gymnothorax pindae Smith 1962

Red Sea: Egypt (Haroun et al. 2017).

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Group.

Gymnothorax pseudoherrei Böhlke 2000

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Randall & Golani 1995, as Gymnothorax herrei).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Philippines and Solomon Islands.

Gymnothorax punctatus Bloch & Schneider 1801

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Lieske & Myers 2010), Israel (Fowler & Steinitz 1956; Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: -

General distribution: Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean: East Africa to western India.

Gymnothorax randalli Smith & Böhlke 1997

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995, as Gymnothorax punctatofasciatus).

Red Sea main basin: Saudi Arabia (Bogorodsky et al. 2014b).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: Lombok (Indonesia).

Gymnothorax reticularis Bloch 1795

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: Saudi Arabia (Bogorodsky et al. 2014b).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to southern Japan and New Guinea.

Remark: Lessepsian migrant into eastern Mediterranean (see Stern & Goren 2013).

Gymnothorax rueppelliae (McClelland 1844)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Israel (Randall & Golani 1995), Jordan (Khalaf 2004).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena rüppellii).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands.

Gymnothorax thyrsoideus (Richardson 1845)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Debelius 2007, as Siderea thyrsoidea).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Maldives east to Line and Tuamotu islands.

Gymnothorax undulatus (Lacepède 1803)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Israel (Steinitz & Ben-Tuvia 1955, as Gymnothorax undulata). Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Muraena undulata), Sudan (Debelius 2007), Eritrea (D'Ancona 1928, as Muraena undulata; Tortonese 1935), Yemen (D'Ancona 1928, as Leptocephalus muraena undulatae). General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Panama.

Muraena helena Linnaeus 1758

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic: British Isles to Cape Verde Islands.

Remark. Anti-Lessepsian migrant that originated from Mediterranean Sea (Randall & Golani 1995).

Strophidon sathete (Hamilton 1822)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Ajiad 1987b, as Thyrsoidea macrura).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Mariana and Society islands.

Uropterygius concolor Rüppell 1838

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Gymnomuraena concolor), Eritrea (Rüppell 1838).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Mariana Islands and Marquesas Islands.

* Uropterygius genie Randall & Golani 1995

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea endemic.

* Uropterygius golanii McCosker & Smith 1997

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (McCosker & Smith 1997), Egypt (McCosker & Smith 1997).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Gulf of Aqaba endemic.

Uropterygius macrocephalus (Bleeker 1865)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995, as Uropterygius makatei).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: western Mascarenes; Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) east to Panama.

Uropterygius micropterus (Bleeker 1852)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995).

Red Sea main basin: ¯

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Phoenix Islands.

Uropterygius nagoensis Hatooka 1984

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Randall & Golani 1995), Sudan (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Ryukyu Islands; Papua New Guinea east to Society Islands.

Uropterygius polyspilus (Regan 1909)

Gulf of Suez: ¯

Gulf of Aqaba: ¯

Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Marshall 1952), Saudi Arabia (Randall & Golani 1995).

General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian, Line and Society islands.