Hylastes brunneus Erichson, 1836

Distribution in Iran. West Azarbaijan (Samin et al. 2011).

General distribution. Throughout the Palaearctic region from Europe and North Africa to China, Korea, Japan.

Biology. This species breeds in species of Pinus and Picea (Pinaceae) (Pfeffer 1995). In Iran it has been recorded from Pinus nigra (Samin et al. 2011) . The biology of the species is described by Nuorteva & Laine (1968). Like Hylastes angustatus, it usually attacks the base of the trunk and the large roots of stressed or fallen trees, and may be responsible for the transmission of the root fungus, Fomes annosus (Nuorteva & Laine 1968) . Schroeder and Lindelöw (1989) and Brattli et al. (1998) have demonstrated that the species shows primary attraction to ethyl alcohol and α-pinene produced by its host trees.