Canthidium (Canthidium) rufinum Harold, 1867

Canthidium rufinum Harold, 1867b: 79 [here transferred to the subgenus Canthidium]. Type locality: Costa Rica, Colombia: Bogotá, and the Upper Amazon River (“Columbien: Costa Rica und Bogotá, auch vom oberen Amazonestrom”). Type material: Location of syntypes unknown [originally deposited at the Moritz Wagner and Theodor Franz Wilhelm Kirsch personal collections]. Distribution: Colombia, Brazil, and Bolivia (Martínez & Halffter 1986a; type locality of its junior synonym) [although the original type locality also included Costa Rica, C. rufinum has not been cited from that country ever since its original description, including Solís & Kohlmann’s (2004) revision of the Costa Rican species of Canthidium, nor was it listed in Howden & Young’s (1981) monograph of the Panamanian dung beetles. Therefore, even though I do believe this report should be revisited in the future, I decided to exclude Costa Rica from the geographical distribution].

Onthophagus eximius Kolbe, 1893: 201 [synonymized by Boucomont 1932: 325; erroneously cited as valid by Blackwelder (1944) and Vaz-de-Mello (2000)]. Type locality: Brazil: Amazonas: Purus River (“ Brasilien ” and “Hyutanahá am Purús im Gebiet des Amazonas (Central-Brasilien)”). Type material: Unsexed holotype (ZMHB).