Bothrops jararaca (Wied, 1824) “ Jararaca ”

(Figs. 10.1 and 22.4)

It was only recorded in high altitude areas (532 to 1,027 m elevation), in, the municipalities of Ibicoara, Palmeiras, Miguel Calmon, and Mucugê, Bahia State (Handam et al. 2007; Freitas et al. 2012a). These localities are all inside the Diamantina Plateau complex. It is also recorded on the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and the Pantanal (Strüssmann & Sazima 1993; Marques et al. 2001; Argôlo 2004; Marques et al. 2005; Sawaya et al. 2008). We have no information on habitat use of this snake in Caatinga, but it is probably associated to forested areas as observed throughout its range (Marques et al. 2001; Marques et al. 2005; Barbo et al. 2011; Zaher et al. 2011). It has terrestrial to semi-arboreal habits, is nocturnal, and has a generalist diet, dominated by a wide range of vertebrates (Marques et al. 2001; Martins et al. 2002).