Chironius flavolineatus (Boettger, 1885) “Cobra-de-cipó”

(Figs. 11.5 and 24.2)

It was recorded in all areas of the Caatinga except in Rio Grande do Norte, perhaps due to a sampling gap. It occurs mostly below 500 m elevation, but can reach 930 m elevation in Diamantina Plateau. It has sparse records in Caatinga. It also occurs in the Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazonian savannas (Cunha & Nascimento 1978; Dixon et al. 1993; Martins & Oliveira 1998; Marques et al. 2005; Nogueira et al. 2010, 2011). It is found both in forested and open areas (Dixon et al. 1993; Nogueira et al. 2010, 2011; Hamdan & Lira-da-Silva 2012). It can be found in bushy and arboreal caatinga on semi-arid regions. In Diamantina Plateau it was reported from cerrado enclaves (Freitas & Silva 2007). It has semi-arboreal habits, is diurnal, and feeds mostly on frogs (Marques et al. 2001, 2005; Sawaya et al. 2008).