Pseudarchaster parelii (Düben & Koren, 1846)

Reports for the Azores:

Astrogonium fallax $ Perrier, 1885c: 37, 1894: 347–350, pl. 23, fig. 4, pl. 25, fig. 4; $ Koehler 1909: 71, pl. 18, fig. 2; Grieg 1932: 21, pl. 5, fig. 1;

Astrogonium annectens Perrier, 1894 — $ Perrier 1896a: 45; $ Koehler 1909: 65;

Pseudarchaster (Astrogonium) fallax (Perrier, 1885c) — $ Koehler 1921a: 2; Mortensen 1927a: 86;

Pseudarchaster (Astrogonium) annectens (Perrier, 1894) — Mortensen 1927a: 86;

Pseudarchaster parelii (D̹ben & Koren, 1846)— $ Halpern 1972: 366–370, fig. 5; Gage et al. 1983: 279; García-Diez et al. 2005: 47.

Type locality: Off Kristiansund, Norway .

See: Halpern (1972); Clark & Downey (1992).

Occurrence: North Atlantic, from the Barents Sea, Newfoundland, and southern Greenland, southwards to Florida; and from Iceland and Norway to Mauritania, including the Azores (Halpern 1972, A.M. Clark & Downey 1992).

Depth: 75– 3,540 m (Dilman 2006); AZO: 1,165 –1,900 m (Koehler 1909).

Habitat: soft sediments, such as ooze, sand, gravel and stones (Sneli 1999).

Larval stage: lecithotrophic (McEdward & Miner 2001).

Remarks: Halpern (1972) re-examined the material described by Perrier (1885c, 1894) as Pseudarchaster fallax (= Astrogonium fallax) and P. annectens (= Astrogonium annectens) from the Azores waters and established their synonymy with P. parelii .