Key to species of Diapriidae, Eulophidae and Pteromalidae ( Hymenoptera) parasitoids of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil

1 Fore wing with submarginal, marginal and stigmal veins present (Figs 5, 8, 15); antennae inserted close to or below lower margin of eyes, not on a projecting ledge (Figs 3, 6) ( Chalcidoidea)............................................. 2

- Fore wing at most with a short submarginal vein (Figs 16, 17); antennae inserted on a projecting ledge near upper margin of eyes (Figs 1, 2) (Diaprioidea)............................................................................ 6

2 Tarsi 4-segmented; scutellum with a pair of submedian grooves and a pair of sublateral grooves (Fig. 4) ( Eulophidae)...................................................................................... Tetrastichus giffardianus

- Tarsi 5-segmented; scutellum without longitudinal grooves (Fig. 7) ( Pteromalidae)................................. 3

3 Antennae separated from clypeus, inserted nearly in the middle of face, slightly above lower margin of eyes (Fig. 6); marginal vein distinctly and uniformly thickened (Fig. 8)...................................... Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae

- Antennae inserted just above oral margin, far below lower margin of eyes (Fig. 3); marginal vein not thickened (Fig. 15) ( Spalangia).......................................................................................... 4

4 Pronotum smooth, with setae on tiny bumps (Fig. 14); median lobe of mesoscutum with a single median pit (Fig. 14)............................................................................................ Spalangia simplex

- Pronotum punctate or reticulate-rugose (Figs 12, 13); medial lobe of mesoscutum with different sculpturing............. 5

5 Pronotum with circular punctures distinctly separated by smooth interstices (Fig. 12); malar sulcus present; propodeum with paramedian crenulate furrows sub parallel, all cells with similar size................................ Spalangia endius

- Pronotum mostly reticulate-rugose (Fig. 13); malar sulcus absent; propodeum with paramedian crenulate furrows widened anteriorly, forming a Y, with anterior cells larger than posterior cells................................ Spalangia gemina

6 Fore wing lacking tubular veins, with a mid-longitudinal fold line, apex with apical notch (Fig. 17)....... Coptera haywardi

- Fore wing with a tubular vein (submarginal), without fold-line, apex rounded (Fig. 15)...... Trichopria sp. aff. anastrephae