Holochilus Brandt 1835

The genus Holochilus comprises six recognized living species, H. brasiliensis (Desmarest 1819), H. chacarius (Thomas 1906), H. lagigliai (Pardiñas, Teta, Voglino & Fernández 2013), H. sciureus (Wagner 1842), H. venezuelae (Allen 1904), and H. vulpinus (Brants 1827) . The genus was distributed from central Argentina and Uruguay in the south to northern Venezuela and the Guianas in the north and from the Amazonian regions of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia to the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil (Musser & Carleton 2005; D’Elía et al. 2015; Gonçalves et al. 2015). All cytogenetic data available for the genus was presented on Table 4, and the distribution of diploid and fundamental number of karyotyped specimens were presented on Fig. 5.