Key to species of Oxysarcodexia (males only)
1. Apical scutellar bristles absent........................................................................... 2
- Apical scutellar bristles present......................................................................... 55
2. Legs yellowish (Fig. 271)............................................................................... 3
- Legs blackish (Fig. 6) or brownish (Fig. 234)............................................................... 5
3. ST5 V-shaped (with diverging margins of posterior incision)............................................. O. zayasi
- ST5 U-shaped (with parallel margins of posterior incision).................................................... 4
4. Distiphallus with a ventroapical concavity (Fig. 272)............................................... O. ventricosa
- Distiphallus without a ventroapical concavity (Fig. 118)............................................... O. flavipes
5. T5 without golden pollinosity (Fig. 25).................................................................... 6
- T5 entirely or partially with golden pollinosity (Figs 36, 51, 79)............................................... 18
6. Three well-differentiated dorsocentral post-sutural bristles + 0 or 1 additional smaller bristles......................... 7
- Two well-differentiated dorsocentral post-sutural bristles + 1–3 additional smaller bristles........................... 10
7. Cerci parallel in posterior view.......................................................................... 8
- Cerci diverging in posterior view......................................................................... 9
8. Cercus with pointed apex in lateral view (Fig. 112)................................................. O. favorabilis
- Cercus with normal apex in lateral view, i.e., as broad as middle part (Fig. 205)............................ O. orbitalis
9. Syntergosternite 7+8 yellowish-brown (Fig. 255).................................................. O. terminalis
- Syntergosternite 7+8 dark brown (Fig. 174)......................................................... O. marina
10. T4 without median marginal bristles or with 1 pair of median marginal bristles................................... 11
- T4 with 2 pairs of median marginal bristles (Fig. 73)................................................... O. cocais
11. Vesica with distal lobes well developed (Fig. 100).......................................................... 12
- Vesica with distal lobes reduced (Fig. 55)................................................................. 15
12. Postocular plate with silvery pollinosity.................................................................. 13
- Postocular plate with golden or pale golden pollinosity...................................................... 14
13. Vesica with distal lobes with spines (Fig. 96)........................................................ O. cyanea
- Vesica with distal lobes without spines (Fig. 252)................................................. O. simplicoides
14. Cercus with pointed apex in lateral view (Fig. 26)............................................. O. angulosa sp. n.
- Cercus with expanded apex in lateral view (Fig. 100)............................................. O. cyaniforceps
15. T4 with 1 or 2 pairs of lateral marginal bristles............................................................. 16
- T4 with 3 pairs of lateral marginal bristles................................................................. 17
16. Ocellar bristles as long as or longer than uppermost frontal bristles. Wing vein R1 with 2–3 setulae dorsally.................................................................................................... O. chaetopygialis
- Ocellar bristles poorly developed and shorter than uppermost frontal bristles. Wing vein R1 bare dorsally........ O. bicolor
17. ST5 entirely yellow........................................................................... O. confusa
- ST5 partially yellow......................................................................... O. culminata
18. Vesica with distal lobes reduced (Fig. 91)................................................................. 19
- Vesica with distal lobes well developed (Fig. 10)........................................................... 26
19. T3 with 1 pair of lateral marginal bristles................................................................. 20
- T3 with 2 or 3 pairs of lateral marginal bristles............................................................. 23
20. Cercus with dorsal bristles longer in basal 1/3.............................................................. 21
- Cercus with dorsal bristles longer in basal 2/3.............................................................. 22
21. Cercus with distal third as broad as middle portion in posterior view (Fig. 134)............................. O. galeata
- Cercus with distal third narrower than middle portion in posterior view (Fig. 221)........................... O. peltata
22. ST5 generally setose (i.e., with weaker bristles plus some setosity on arms).............................. O. cingarus
- ST5 with bristles only on arms..................................................................... O. parva
23. Vesica with distal lobes partially membranous............................................................. 24
- Vesica with distal lobes completely sclerotized............................................................. 25
24. Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 2/3............................................................ O. culmiforceps
- Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 3/4................................................................. O. intona
25. Cerci parallel in posterior view. Vesica with symmetrical distal lobes (Fig. 78)........................... O. comparilis
- Cerci diverging in posterior view. Vesica with asymmetrical distal lobes (Fig. 262).......................... O. timida
26. Postocular plate silvery pollinose........................................................................ 27
- Postocular plate golden or pale golden pollinose............................................................ 30
27. Cercus sinuous in lateral view (Fig. 52)................................................................... 28
- Cercus straight in lateral view (Fig. 37)................................................................... 29
28. T4 without median marginal bristles (Fig. 51)........................................................ O. berthet
- T4 with 1 pair of median marginal bristles...................................................... O. wygodzinskyi
29. ST5 V-shaped (with diverging margins of posterior incision). Vesica with symmetrical distal lobes................ O. aura
- ST5 U-shaped (with parallel margins of posterior incision). Vesica with asymmetrical distal lobes (Fig. 236)...... O. ramosa
30. Vesica with asymmetrical distal lobes.................................................................... 31
- Vesica with symmetrical distal lobes..................................................................... 34
31. T5 partially golden pollinose........................................................................... 32
- T5 completely golden pollinose......................................................................... 33
32. Ocellar bristles as long as or longer than uppermost frontal bristles..................................... O. edwardsi
- Ocellar bristles shorter than uppermost frontal bristles............................................... O. fringidea
33. Cercus with dorsal bristles longer in proximal half (Fig. 275)............................................ O. villosa
- Cercus with dorsal bristles longer in proximal 2/3 (Fig. 268)............................................. O. varia
34. Vesica with distal lobes rounded or square (Figs 164, 177).................................................... 35
- Vesica with distal lobes filamentous or tapering (Figs 10, 23).................................................. 43
35. Distiphallus without a dorsoapical swelling (Figs 103, 177).................................................. 36
- Distiphallus with a dorsoapical swelling (Figs 80; 106, 163).................................................. 37
36. Apical expansion of cercus straight in lateral view (Fig. 177)....................................... O. meridionalis
- Apical expansion of cercus obliquely cut in lateral view and with subapical barb (Fig. 103)..................... O. diana
37. Pregonite of same color over its entire length (Fig. 20)....................................................... 38
- Pregonite with apex darker than base (Fig. 1).............................................................. 40
38. Lateral triangular process of paraphallus (just proximal to vesica) surpassing ventral margin of phallic tube (Fig. 180).............................................................................................. O. mineirensis
- Lateral triangular process of paraphallus not surpassing ventral margin of phallic tube (Fig. 164)..................... 39
39. T4 with 1 pair of lateral marginal bristles (Fig. 163).................................................. O. liliarum
- T4 with 3 pairs of lateral marginal bristles (Fig. 166)................................................... O. maiae
40. Cercus with apex expanded in lateral view (Fig. 80)......................................................... 41
- Cercus with apex of same width as median part in lateral view (Fig. 193)........................................ 42
41. Distiphallus rounded apically in lateral view (Fig. 80).............................................. O. conclausa
- Distiphallus square/oblong apically in lateral view (Fig. 106)............................................. O. eberti
42. Distiphallus with serrated ventroapical margin (Fig. 258).............................................. O. thornax
- Distiphallus with smooth ventroapical margin (Fig. 193)............................................. O. morretesi
43. ST5 V-shaped (with diverging margins of posterior incision).................................................. 44
- ST5 U-shaped (with parallel margins of posterior incision)................................................... 45
44. Cercus with ventral bristles over full length (Fig. 288).................................................... O. xon
- Cercus with ventral bristles only in apical third (Fig. 143)............................................... O. ibera
45. Two well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 1–3 additional smaller bristles........................... 46
- Three well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 0 or 1 additional smaller bristles............... O. laclaricola
46. Cercus with apical expansion concave in lateral view (Fig. 229)............................................... 47
- Cercus with apical expansion straight or expanded obliquely cut apex in lateral view (Figs 10, 13, 23, 186, 202)......... 48
47. ST5 generally setose (i.e., with weaker bristles plus some setosity on arms)........................... O. petropolitana
- ST5 with bristles only on arms.................................................................... O. aurata
48. Vesica with distal lobes completely sclerotized (Figs 23, 121)................................................. 49
- Vesica with distal lobes completely or partially membranous (Figs 10, 115, 183).................................. 51
49. Cerci parallel in posterior view......................................................................... 50
- Cerci slightly diverging in posterior view (Fig. 14).................................................... O. afficta
50. Cercus with ventral bristles absent in middle portion (Fig. 23)......................................... O. angrensis
- Cercus with ventral bristles absent in distal half (Fig. 121)............................................. O. floricola
51. Vesica with spines (Fig. 115)........................................................................... 52
- Vesica without spines (Fig. 202).................................................................. O. occulta
52. Vesica with distal lobes completely membranous........................................................... 53
- Vesica with distal lobes partially membranous............................................................. 54
53. Postocular plate golden pollinose; ocellar bristles about the same size as the smallest frontal bristles............. O. festiva
- Postocular plate pale golden pollinose; ocellar bristles smaller than the uppermost frontal bristle................ O. adunca
54. Surstylus with discal bristles (Fig. 186)............................................................ O. modesta
- Surstylus without discal bristles (Fig. 183)......................................................... O. mitifica
55. Vesica with asymmetrical distal lobes (Fig. 246)............................................................ 56
- Vesica with symmetrical distal lobes (Fig. 44).............................................................. 57
56. Two well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 1–3 additional smaller bristles anteriorly.......... O. sarcinata
- Three well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 0 or 1 additional smaller bristles.................. O. corolla
57. Distal lobes of vesica reduced (Figs 58, 61)................................................................ 58
- Distal lobes of vesica well developed (Figs 16, 30, 46)....................................................... 64
58. Vesica with distal lobes rounded or square................................................................. 59
- Vesica with distal lobes filamentous or tapering............................................................ 60
59. Cercus in posterior view with a distinct constriction at midlength (Fig. 59).................................. O. bikini
- Cercus in posterior view without a constriction at midlength............................................ O. molitor
60. T4 with 1 pair of lateral marginal bristles...................................................... O. rimata sp. n.
- T4 with 2 or 3 pairs of lateral marginal bristles............................................................. 61
61. Surstylus triangular (Fig. 7)............................................................................ 62
- Surstylus oblong (Fig. 232)............................................................................ 63
62. Two well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 1–3 additional smaller bristles.................... O. admixta
- Three well-differentiated post-sutural dorsocentral bristles + 0 or 1 additional smaller bristles.................. O. jamesi
63. Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 2/3................................................................. O. plebeja
- Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 3/4............................................................... O. carvalhoi
64. Distiphallus with a ventroapical concavity (Fig. 20)......................................................... 65
- Distiphallus without a ventroapical concavity (Fig. 46)...................................................... 78
65. T5 not golden pollinose (Fig. 33)........................................................................ 66
- T5 partially or completely golden pollinose (Figs 19, 48)..................................................... 69
66. Distiphallus with a lateroapical furrow (Fig. 149)........................................................... 67
- Distiphallus without a lateroapical furrow................................................................. 68
67. Syntergosternite 7+8 with smooth dorsal outline in lateral view (Fig. 34)................................. O. augusta
- Syntergosternite 7+8 with sinuous dorsal outline in lateral view (Fig. 149)................................ O. injuncta
68. ST5 partially yellow...................................................................... O. paulistanensis
- ST5 not yellow.......................................................................... O. riograndensis
69. Distiphallus with serrated ventroapical margin (Fig. 49)...................................................... 70
- Distiphallus with smooth ventroapical margin (Fig. 20)...................................................... 73
70. Pregonite abruptly narrowing at apex (Figs 49, 146)......................................................... 71
- Pregonite gradually narrowing to apex (Figs 16, 124)........................................................ 72
71. Distiphallus with ventroapical projections (i.e., lateral outward-directed expansions of the distiphallus, anterior view)................................................................................................... O. inflata
- Distiphallus without ventroapical projections......................................................... O. berlai
72. Postgonite abruptly narrowing at apex (Fig. 124)................................................. O. fluminensis
- Postgonite gradually narrowing to apex (Fig. 16)............................................... O. alectoris sp. n.
73. Cercus with pointed apex in lateral view (Fig. 140)......................................................... 74
- Cercus with expanded apex (rounded or conical) in lateral view (Figs 20, 217, 265)................................ 75
74. Distiphallus without a dorsoapical swelling (Fig. 140)................................................ O. grandis
- Distiphallus with a dorsoapical swelling (Fig. 223)................................................... O. perneta
75. Distiphallus with straight dorsal outline (Fig. 265).......................................................... 76
- Distiphallus with sinuous dorsal outline (Fig. 217).......................................................... 77
76. Pregonite of same color over its entire length (Fig. 20)................................................ O. amorosa
- Pregonite with apex darker than base (Fig. 265)..................................................... O. trivialis
77. Vesica with lateral lobes (Fig. 285)............................................................ O. xanthosoma
- Vesica without lateral lobes (Fig. 217)............................................................ O. peculiaris
78. Vesica without spines (Fig. 196)........................................................................ 79
- Vesica with spines (Fig. 30)............................................................................ 80
79. Distiphallus with conical apex in lateral view (Fig. 196)................................................. O. nitida
- Distiphallus with square/oblong apex in lateral view (Fig. 279)........................................... O. vittata
80. Vesica with spines on both dorsal and ventral surfaces or only along margin of distal lobes.......................... 81
- Vesica with spines only on one surface (dorsal or ventral) of distal lobes......................................... 84
81. Vesica with distal lobes square (Fig. 64).................................................................. 82
- Vesica with distal lobes filamentous or tapering to apex (Fig. 46).............................................. 83
82. T4 without median marginal bristles............................................................ O. peruviana
- T4 with 1 pair of median marginal bristles............................................................ O. catica
83. Surstylus without an apical bristle (a very few weak bristles may be present) (Fig. 208)..................... O. pallisteri
- Surstylus with a strong and well-developed apical bristle (Fig. 46)....................................... O. bakeri
84. Cercus with ventral bristles over entire length or absent only in middle part...................................... 85
- Cercus with ventral bristles only in apical third (Fig. 152).............................................. O. insolita
85. Cercus without ventral bristles in middle part.............................................................. 86
- Cercus with ventral bristles over full length................................................................ 87
86. Ocellar bristles as long as or longer than uppermost frontal bristles....................................... O. notata
- Ocellar bristles poorly developed and smaller than uppermost frontal bristles................................ O. major
87. Surstylus triangular................................................................................... 88
- Surstylus rectangular................................................................................. 89
88. Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 2/3....................................................... O. graminifolia sp. n.
- Vein R4+5 setose in proximal 3/4................................................................ O. similata
89. Cercus with pointed apex in lateral view (Fig. 127).................................................. O. fraterna
- Cercus with square and slightly curved apex in lateral view...................................... O. ariozanoi sp. n.