Hypostomus careopinnatus Martins, Marinho, Langeani & Serra (2012) .

Holotype: DZSJRP 12231, 57.9 mm SL, tributary to rio Ariranha, rio Taquari drainage, rio Paraguay basin, Alto Araguaia, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 17°18’37”S, 53°32’22”W, cols. F. Langeani, J.P. Serra, M.M.F. Marinho, A. Manzale, 11 August 2009 (Fig. 8).

Paratypes: 2 lots, 116 specimens; DZSJRP 12447, 60, 70 in the original description, 21.2–57.0 mm SL, collected with the holotype; and DZSJRP 12611, 56 (tissue samples of 5 specimens), 16.9–59.1 mm SL, same locality as holotype, cols. F. Langeani, J.P. Serra, M.M. F. Marinho, F.O. Martins, 3 June 2010 .