Hyphessobrycon rutiliflavidus Carvalho, Langeani, Miyazawa & Troy (2008) .

Holotype: DZSJRP 7444, 50.8 mm SL, córrego das Pipas, between Chapada dos Guimarães and Santo Antônio do Leverger, in the Serra de São Vicente, upper rio Paraguay basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 15°41’23”S, 55°29’42”W, col. W.P. Troy, 10 November 2002 (Fig. 4).

Paratypes: 4 lots, 56 specimens; DZSJRP 5347, 8 (1 c&s), 38.8–42.0 mm SL, collected with the holotype; DZSJRP 6653, 9, 28.0–55.0 mm SL, collected with the holotype; DZSJRP 6654, 12 (1 c&s), 33.1–42.3 mm SL, collected with the holotype; and DZSJRP 8502, 27 (1 c&s), 25.5–58.1 mm SL, collected with the holotype.