Osteogeneiosus Bleeker, 1846

(Figs 1–3, 24F, 36)

Type species: Osteogeneiosus militaris Linnaeus, 1758 .

Diagnosis

Nasal anterior curvature very pronounced (20, 0> 1); bony blade not connecting nasal tubules anteriorly (21, 1> 0); frontal mesial laminar projection absent (23, 1> 0); anterior portion of posterior process of vomer as narrow as posterior portion (54, 0> 1); accessory tooth plates large, longitudinally elongate (60, 3> 4); accessory tooth plates situated between premaxilla and lateral ethmoid (62, 1> 2); maxilla cylindrical, very long and distally acute (101, 0> 2); autopalatine cylindrical, very short and robust (104,?> 2); anterior cartilage of autopalatine very short, less than one-third length of bone (113, 1> 0); autopalatine posterior cartilage reduced to small sphere (114, 1> 2); anteroventral portion of opercle subtriangular (127, 3> 4); metapterygoid three times longer than deep (135, 3> 4); urohyal short (157, 1> 0); contact face between first epibranchial and first pharyngobranchial very conspicuous (177, 0> 1); Müllerian ramus distal one-third markedly curved (208, 1> 2); mental barbel absent (236, 0> 1); gas bladder lateral diverticula present (243, 0> 1); gas bladder diverticula present anterolaterally (246, 0> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Anterior portion of anterior cranial fontanel partially or totally delimited by dorsal expansion of orbitosphenoid (24, 0> 1); posterior cranial fontanel formed exclusively frontals (25, 0> 1); maxillary condyle very large (103, 1> 3); anteroventral portion of opercle subtrapezoidal, moderately long (127, 2> 1); second external branchiostegal ray width less than one-half that of first ray (148, 1> 0); second basibranchial mushroom shaped (166, 0> 1); third basibranchial hourglass shaped (168, 1> 0); 19 or more precaudal vertebrae (215, 0> 1); gas bladder lateral diverticula with diverticula (244, 0> 1); protractor muscle of parapophysis of fourth vertebra originating exclusively from ventral surface of posterior process of epioccipital (248, 0> 1).

Included species

Osteogeneiosus militaris (Linnaeus, 1758) .

Habitat and distribution: Brackish and marine waters, South and Southeast Asia (Fig. 24).

Remarks

The close relationship of Osteogeneiosus with Ketengus that was reported in previous morphological and molecular studies (Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Betancur-R. 2009, Marceniuk et al. 2012) is supported by the results of the total-evidence analysis.