Ectoedemia (Ectoedemia) rufifrontella (Caradja)

Fig. 120

Trifurcula rufifrontella Caradja 1920: 161 .

Nepticula nigrosparsella Klimesch 1940: 91 [synonymised by Van Nieukerken 1987].

Ectoedemia (Ectoedemia) rufifrontella; Van Nieukerken 1987: 142 [Lectotype selection, identity, Synonymy]

Ectoedemia (Ectoedemia) nigrosparsella; Van Nieukerken 1985: 51.

Biology. Hostplants: Quercus pubescens Willd., Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. Univoltine, larvae very late in the season, October-November, adults fly in May-July.

Distribution. Widespread, but nowhere common in southern half of Europe; not yet found on Iberian Peninsula and in most Balkan countries. France: Van Nieukerken et al. 2006; Macedonia: Laštůvka and Laštůvka 1997, detailed record given here; Greece (northern): Laštůvka and Laštůvka 1998, Switzerland: Schmid 2007. Here recorded new for Bulgaria.

Remarks. Mines and larvae may be confused with those of E. quinquella (Fig. 119) and pubescivora, which both also have black plates in the early instars, but rufifrontella has characteristic broken frass in early mine, the larva has a strong greenish tinge (Fig. 120); the mine of E. pubescivora usually runs along veins (Fig. 121).

Material. Bulgaria: 4♁, 1♀, Pirin, 1500m, 29. V.2006, J. Junnilainen (JJ, RMNH). France: 3 larvae [DNA confirmed], Alpes Maritimes, Fontan, 1.7 km N., near Berghue inf., 900m, 11.X.2008, Quercus pubescens, EJvN2008242, E.J.

Figures Ι04–Ι07. Ectoedemia (Ectoedemia) subbimaculella group, female genitalia Ι04 E. ilicis, Spain, Albarracin, 24. VI.2001 Ι05 E. pseudoilicis, Greece, Leptokaria, 25. VI.1996 Ι06 E. haraldi, Spain, Anglés, 5.VII.1994 Ι07 E. alnifoliae, Cyprus, Platres, 11–16. V.1999, C. Hviid & B. Skule.

van Nieukerken & C. Doorenweerd,(RMNH. INS17675–7); 1♁, Vaucluse, 4 km E Sault, 825 m, 25. V.2004, O. Karsholt (ZMUC) [DNA confirmed]. Italy: 2♁, Alessandria, Cardona, 32 T, MQ39, 300, 4. VI.1977, G. Baldizzone (GB) ; 3♁, 1♀, 24 adults, Savona, Andora - Conna, 250 m, 13.VII.1969, 21.VI–21. VII.1970, E. Jäckh (USNM, RJ) ; 1 adult, Savona, Andora, Conna, nei boschi, 300 m, 15. VI.1973, E. Jäckh (USNM) ; 2♁, Savona, Conna, 300 m, 9. VI.1978, G. Baldizzone (GB, RMNH) ; 1♁, 3♀, Savona, Testico, 470 m, 19.VI.1962, 3–4.VI.1964, E. Jäckh (USNM) ; 1♀, Torino, Piossasco, Casc. Levrino, 580 m, 11. VI.1991, G. Delmastro (GB) ; 1♀, Torino, Rocciamelone, V. Susa, 1000 m, 19720617, E. Jäckh (USNM) ; 1♀, Trento, Val Sarca, Pietramurata, 260 m, 5. VI.1958, E. Jäckh (USNM) ; 1♁, ditto, 470 m, 9. VI.1970, E. Jäckh (USNM); 2♁, 2♀, Verona, Negrar, Monte Masua, 400 m, 12. VI.2002, P. Triberti (PT, RMNH). Macedonia: 2♁, 1♀, Istibani, 9. VI.1996, 1♁, 1♀, Trojáci, 10. VI.1996, both A. & Z. Laštůvka (AL) .