taxonID	type	description	language	source
7A86658807D65A03A3CDC634F010F5DB.taxon	description	Figs 10 – 15, 16 – 18, 19 – 21	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
7A86658807D65A03A3CDC634F010F5DB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The male of L. (E.) alexanderi is unique among all known Western Hemisphere Lasioglossum for the thickened apex of the clypeus above the labrum. The broad hind basitarsus is also unlike any Lasioglossum in the region. The female is entirely brown-black, mandibles bidentate, and wings entirely infuscate. The metapostnotum is crescent-shaped, defined apically by a sharp edge, and covered by subparallel. longitudinal carinulae (Fig. 21; McGinley 1999: fig. 13). An undescribed female collected simultaneously is remarkably similar, but the metapostnotum has a smooth apicolateral area, not sharply defined from the carinulate portion. This undescribed female is notably smaller, with varying levels of golden-green reflections and the apical terga are orange.	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
7A86658807D65A03A3CDC634F010F5DB.taxon	description	Description. Male: Length 8.3 – 9.2 mm. Head length 2.4 – 2.5 mm. Head width 2.8 – 2.9 mm. Intertegular span 2.0 – 2.2 mm. Forewing length 7.7 – 8.3 mm. Maximum metasomal width (T 3) 2.3 – 2.35 mm. Structure. Head wider than long (length / width ratio = 0.85 – 0.91). Gena width at midlength 1.1 – 1.2 × width of contiguous section of compound eye in lateral view (Fig. 10). Supraclypeal area weakly protuberant. Clypeus width approximately twice length, width / length ratio = 2.2, projecting approximately half its length below lower margin of eyes (Fig. 11). Clypeal apex thickened, half-length of labrum (Fig. 13). Ocellocular distance 2.5 × lateral ocellar diameter, slightly greater than distance between lateral ocellus and hind margin of vertex, and 1.3 × interocellar distance (Fig. 12). Compound eyes convergent below, upper ocular distance 1.4 × lower ocular distance (Fig. 2). Hypostomal carinae strong, subparallel; anterior angle rounded. Antennal scape short, not reaching median ocellus; pedicel wider than long, three quarters length of flagellomere 1 (subsequent flagellomeres missing). Labrum short without apical process. Mandible simple, relatively broad at midlength, nearly reaching opposing clypeal angle (Fig. 13). Pronotum maximum width 2.7 – 2.8; dorsolateral angle orthogonal; pronotal ridge strongly angled, interrupted by oblique sulcus; pronotal lobe with anterior carina. Inner metatibial spur ciliate, subequal in size to outer metatibial spur. Tegula ovoid. Forewing veins 1 rs-m and 2 rs-m not noticeably weak; hamuli arranged 3 - 1 - 2. Surface sculpture. Face tessellate-granular below antennal sockets, scabriculous above (Fig. 11), Gena and subgena striolate in oblique view, outer subgena polished. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum polished, anteromedial mesoscutum imbricate, becoming striolate anterolaterally (Fig. 13). Metapostnotum with dense, regular carinulae, slightly depressed at apex (Fig. 13). Mesepisternum transversely striolate on upper half, vertically striolate on anterior lower half, more irregularly sculptured towards mesocoxa. Metepisternum transverse carinulae above, imbricate, irregularly sculptured below. Propodeum lateral surfaces similar to lower metepisternum, posterior surface tessellate noticeably. Terga polished. Color. Body blackish brown, with the following remarks: supraclypeal area with dull golden-green reflections, gena hints of green in certain lights, posterior surface of flagellomere 1 dark. Tegula dark brown (Fig. 12). Legs dark brown, pretarsal claws reddish brown (Fig. 15). Forewing membrane weakly infuscate throughout, with green and purple highlights; wing veins and pterostigma brown (Fig. 10). Metapostotum with blue tinge between carinulae. Terga blackish brown, with narrow rims reddish brown and ventrally reflexed portions amber; sterna amber (Fig. 15). Pubescence. Head and mesosoma with erect branched setae (1.5 – 2.5 OD); tomentum sparse on clypeus, paraocular and supraclypeal areas (Fig. 11). Pronotal collar, lobe and adjacent pre-episternum with tomentum. Meso- and metacoxae and trochanters ventrally with dense velvety setae, extending onto ventral surface of mesofemur (Fig. 14), otherwise legs with short subappressed setae. Apical half of pro- and mesotibiae with long setae ventrally, somewhat curved apically becoming straight towards apex. T 1 anterior face with erect setae, remaining terga with sparse short setae, except longer on premarginal lines of T 5 – T 6. S 1 – S 4 nearly bare, S 5 – S 6 with long setae. Genitalia. As in Figs 16 – 18. S 7 with slender median process, S 8 broadly rounded apically. Gonocoxite dorsally with inner edge subparallel for length approximately equal to gonobase (Fig. 17); gonostylus moderately elongate, rounded apically (Fig. 18); retrorse lobe present, moderately long, slender, rounded apically (Fig. 16); volsella with prominent lateral lobe. New distributional records Although the holotype of L. alexanderi is lost, the description and figures are sufficient to recognize this unique species. At this point a neotype designation is not needed, and there is still hope the holotype may reemerge once more material in the former possession of McGinley is examined. The novelty of the male and co-occurrence with the female supports the association. The undescribed female co-occurring with L. alexanderi is unlikely to be the female based on the similar structure of the male and female metapostnotum, in addition to body color and size. The new collection site is approximately 70 km west of the type locality (Costa Rica; Heredia; 8.7 km N Varablanca).	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
B8600B34130B58BCAD51EED4F9133EB1.taxon	description	Figs 1 – 5, 6 – 8	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
B8600B34130B58BCAD51EED4F9133EB1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of L. hienae resemble male Neocorynura due to the slender T 1, but they can be distinguished by the characteristics of the tribe Halictini, which include the reflexed apex of T 7, with a subapical ridge creating a false apex. Male L. hienae can be recognized by their black integument, yellow clypeal mark, anteriorly infuscate wings, and distinct tomentum on the metanotum, posterior propodeum, and base of T 2. There is currently no reliable way to distinguish the males of L. hienae and L. nycteris. Both species share unique characters within male Lasioglossum in the Western Hemisphere: inner metatibial spur short or absent entirely, T 1 narrow (distinctly longer than wide), and hind legs long and slender.	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
B8600B34130B58BCAD51EED4F9133EB1.taxon	description	Description. Male: Length 8.39 mm (8.14 – 8.62 mm). Head length 2.03 mm (1.91 – 2.17 mm). Head width 2.13 mm (2.05 – 2.19 mm). Intertegular span 1.47 mm (1.39 – 1.58 mm). Forewing length (Total) 6.53 mm (6.34 – 6.76 mm), forewing length (M- 2 rm) 2.39 mm (2.28 – 2.55 mm). Maximum metasomal width (T 3) 1.64 mm (1.58 – 1.72 mm). Structure. Head approximately as long as wide (length / width ratio = 0.95). Gena width at midlength 0.74 × width of contiguous section of compound eye in lateral view. Supraclypeal area weakly protuberant. Clypeus width approximately twice length, width / length ratio = 2.04, projecting approximately 0.65 its length below lower margin of eyes; clypeal protuberance 0.26 mm (0.21 – 0.32 mm). Ocellocular distance 2.60 × lateral ocellar diameter, approximately equal to distance between lateral ocellus and hind margin of vertex, and slightly longer than interocellar distance. Compound eyes convergent below, upper ocular distance 1.30 × lower ocular distance (Fig. 2). Hypostomal carinae subparallel, anterior angle acutely rounded (seemingly orthogonal in females). Antennal scape short, barely reaching midway between antennal socket and median ocellus; pedicel wider than long, two-thirds length of flagellomere 1; flagellomere 1 approximately half as long as flagellomere 2. Labrum short without apical process. Mandible simple, reaching opposing clypeal angle (Fig. 2). Pronotum maximum width 1.93 mm (1.86 – 2.03 mm); dorsolateral angle orthogonal as in the female (described as obtuse by Gibbs and Dumesh 2013); pronotal ridge uninterrupted carina mostly straight but with slight sinuation on lower half; pronotal lobe at most with a round projection (Fig. 1). Inner metatibial spur absent. Tegula and forewing as in female except veins 1 rs-m and 2 rs-m not noticeably weak; hamuli arranged 4 - 1 - 3. Propodeum as in female. T 1 width 0.71 × T 2 width (Figs 3, 4). Hind leg noticeably slender, metafemur about six times as long as wide, metatibia about eight times as long as wide. Surface sculpture. Face as in female, except frontal areas somewhat more granular (Fig. 2). Lower part of gena and subgena striolate on oblique view [described as striolate in female by Gibbs and Dumesh 2013]. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum similar to female, slightly more granular (Fig. 4). Mesepisternum coarsely granular-imbricate throughout, except shiny anteriorly contiguous to pronotal ventral extension. Metepisternum as in female, but transverse carinulae stronger. Propodeum noticeably striolate on entire basal area (Figs 3, 4). Terga surface sculpture as in female. Color. Body blackish brown, as described for the female in the original description, with the following remarks: apical half of clypeus bright yellow (Fig. 2), mandible bright yellow on outer surface except edges and basal outer interspace dark brown and apical tooth reddish amber. Posterior surface of entire flagellum and apex of flagellomere 11 amber. Tegula light brown to amber, translucid (Fig. 4). Legs proximally dark brown, lighter starting on distal third of femur and continuing on tibia, becoming yellow-amber on basitarsus and remaining tarsomeres, particularly on front and middle legs, pretarsal claws brown on distal half (Fig. 1). Forewing membrane hyaline, amber-ish, with green, yellow, and purple highlights; anterior margin infuscate, not as deeply as originally described for female; wing veins and pterostigma brown to amber-brown (Fig. 1). Terga blackish brown, with anterior margins (apical impressed areas) slightly reddish and lateral extensions translucid amber (Fig. 4); T 1 with yellowish integument proximal to propodeum; sterna 1 – 4 brown to dark-brown with some underlying yellow-brown coloration basally and laterally, sterna 5 – 6 amber (Figs 3 – 5). Pubescence. As described for the female, with the following remarks: facial setae longer on frontal, antennal scape and lower gena (1.5 – 2.5 OD); tomentum dense on paraocular and supraclypeal areas, less dense but noticeable on upper clypeal section (Fig. 2). Mesepisternum and metepisternum with denser, shorter (as compared to female) subappressed setae; lower metepisternal and lateral surface of propodeum tomentose, posterior surface of propodeum densely tomentose. Coxae with long (1.0 – 1.5 OD) setae, otherwise legs with short, subappressed setae. T 2 – T 4 with bands as in female; metasomal sterna with long (1.5 – 2.5 OD), subappressed setae, appearing simple, arranged in bands coming off gradulus. Genitalia. Sterna VII – VIII where not dissected. Genital capsule similar to that of L. (E.) nycteris, except as noted; gonobase short; gonocoxite noticeably strigulate, streaks not depicted in original description of L. (E.) nycteris; gonostylus moderately elongate, with two processes, trapezoidal apical process with scattered setae on its inner facing surface (a few long ones) appearing simple as opposed to the branched ones showed for L. (E.) nycteris in drawing by McGinley (1999), and retrorse membranous lobe about two-thirds length of gonocoxite, covered with minute moderately dense setae on its outer surface; volsella seemingly with prominent lateral lobe (Figs 6 – 8). New distributional records. The single female used for the original description of the species by Gibbs and Dumesh (2013) was collected from the southern slope of the Colima volcano, state of Colima in west-central Mexico. In this study we present specimens, including the three previously unknown males, that expand the distribution of L. (E.) hienae east and south within Mexico; all are from localities in the state of Oaxaca with elevations ranging from around 900 to 1730 m (Fig. 9).	en	Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Martínez Cervantes, Ana Celeste, Gibbs, Jason (2025): Discovery of the males of Lasioglossum (Eickwortia) hienae and L. (E.) alexanderi, with new distributional records for the species (Apoidea, Halictidae). ZooKeys 1228: 53-67, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1228.136718
