taxonID	type	description	language	source
FC99B9482CDF5A85AF5E67DED6A7C861.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
FC99B9482CDF5A85AF5E67DED6A7C861.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 880 – 980 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 4 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, clava dark brown, petiole yellowish-brown, legs pale brown. Antenna (Fig. 4 B) with scape smooth, clava with six mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 4 C) smooth. Propodeum (Fig. 4 C) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 4 D) with apical part distinctly broadened, dark discal cilia extending proximally to distinctly beyond stigma. Metacoxa (Fig. 4 E) and petiole in lateral view subequal in length. Ovipositor (Fig. 4 E) slightly exserted from the apex of gaster. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
FC99B9482CDF5A85AF5E67DED6A7C861.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Austria.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
8BD1FB1B65AE53C99978E2154AF22758.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
8BD1FB1B65AE53C99978E2154AF22758.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 790 – 800 μm (n = 4). Body (Fig. 5 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, clava brown; petiole yellowish-brown, legs pale brown. Antenna scape (Fig. 5 B) with indistinct cross-ridges; clava with seven mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 5 C) with conspicuous reticulate sculpture. Propodeum (Fig. 5 C) with a short median carina. Forewing with longest marginal seta as long as greatest width of wing; dark microtrichia on disc beginning well beyond apex of stigma (Fig. 5 D); Ovipositor (Fig. 5 E) slightly exserted beyond apex of gaster. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
8BD1FB1B65AE53C99978E2154AF22758.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Serbia.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
E7105F204FC1517BB492FE9713A728A8.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
E7105F204FC1517BB492FE9713A728A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 1000 – 1100 μm (n = 5). Body (Fig. 6 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, petiole yellowish-brown, legs dark brown. Antenna (Fig. 6 B) with scape smooth; F 2 the longest funicular, slightly longer than F 3; F 1 as long as F 4 and both the shortest funiculars; clava with seven mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 6 C) with conspicuous reticulate sculpture. Forewing discal setae (Fig. 6 D) originating at the lower part of the stigmal vein. Metacoxa (Fig. 6 E) in lateral view almost as long as petiole. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
E7105F204FC1517BB492FE9713A728A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); United Kingdom.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
025C24BBACC35BE5AB675386EE578607.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
025C24BBACC35BE5AB675386EE578607.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 1090 – 1180 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 7 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, clava dark brown, petiole yellowish-brown, legs yellowish-brown. Antenna (Fig. 7 B) with scape smooth; clava shorter than combined length of 3 preceding flagellomeres, with eight mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 7 C) smooth. Propodeum (Fig. 7 C) without a median carina. Forewing (Fig. 7 D) longest marginal seta shorter than the greatest width of the wing. Metacoxa (Fig. 7 E) and petiole in lateral view subequal in length. Ovipositor (Fig. 7 E) exserted from the apex of gaster by ~ 0.1 × its own total length. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
025C24BBACC35BE5AB675386EE578607.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Austria.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
6A1E1B83FF4A5314B8AAC60E9E64F0E1.taxon	description	Fig. 1	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
6A1E1B83FF4A5314B8AAC60E9E64F0E1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna (Fig. 1 B) with scape smooth, almost as long as pedicel; F 2 as long as F 6; clava longer than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres and longer than combined length of F 1 – F 3, with eight mps. Mesosoma smooth; pronotum (Fig. 1 C) with four setae on each side along anterior margin; scutellum (Fig. 1 C) with a frenal row of foveae, they are distinctly wider and apparently shallower; propodeum (Fig. 1 C) with a complete median carina shaped posteriorly as an inverted narrow Y-shape. Ovipositor (Fig. 1 G) slightly exserted beyond gastral apex.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
6A1E1B83FF4A5314B8AAC60E9E64F0E1.taxon	description	Description. Female (holotype and paratypes). Body length 426 – 438 μm (n = 6). Head (Fig. 1 A) in frontal view 0.6 × (0.6 – 0.8 ×) as high as wide. Antenna (Fig. 1 B) with scape smooth, 1.8 × (1.8 – 1.9 ×) as long as wide (including short radicle), almost as long as pedicel; pedicel 2.1 × (1.5 – 2.1 ×) as long as wide, 2.3 × (1.9 – 2.4 ×) as long as F 1; F 1 the shortest funicular; F 2 as long as F 6 and both the longest funiculars; F 4 and F 5 subequal in length; F 6 with one mps; clava 3.3 × (2.9 – 3.7 ×) as long as wide, longer than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres and longer than combined length of F 1 – F 3, with eight mps. Mesosoma smooth, 1.2 × (1.1 – 1.3 ×) as long as wide; pronotum (Fig. 1 C) divided mediolongitudinally, with four setae on each side along the anterior margin; mesoscutum (Fig. 1 C) 0.5 × (0.5 – 0.6 ×) as long as wide, longer than scutellum; scutellum (Fig. 1 C) 0.6 × (0.5 – 0.6 ×) as long as wide, with a frenal row of foveae, they are distinctly wider and apparently shallower; propodeum (Fig. 1 C) with a complete median carina shaped posteriorly as an inverted narrow Y-shape. Forewing (Fig. 1 D) 4.1 × (4.1 – 4.4 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, densely setose beyond venation, with discal setae originating behind stigmal vein (Fig. 1 E), many of them 5.3 – 7.2 μm long; longest marginal seta 1.0 × (0.6 – 1.0 ×) greatest width of forewing; Hind wing (Fig. 1 F) 28.9 × (27.2 – 31.4 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, with two rows of setae; longest marginal seta 5.8 × (5.6 – 6.4 ×) greatest width of hind wing. Metacoxa (Fig. 1 C) smooth, in lateral view a little longer than petiole. Petiole (Fig. 1 C) 1.3 × (1.3 – 1.5 ×) as long as wide, in dorsal view with inconspicuous vertical striations and expanded basally. Ovipositor (Fig. 1 G) 1.0 × (1.0 – 1.1 ×) as long as gaster, slightly exserted by ~ 0.1 × its own total length beyond gastral apex; ovipositor 1.7 × (1.5 – 1.8 ×) length of mesotibia and 1.5 × (1.3 – 1.5 ×) length of metatibia. Measurements of the holotype (μm). Head height: width: 60: 101; mesosoma (in dorsal view) length: width: 115: 95; mesoscutum length: width: 41: 77; scutellum length: width: 30: 53; median carina length: 29; petiole length: width: 28: 22; gaster length: width: 130: 90; ovipositor length: 136; exserted part of ovipositor: 13; antennal segments length: width: scape: 26: 15; pedicel: 25: 12; F 1: 11: 5; F 2: 18: 6; F 3: 11: 6; F 4: 13: 7; F 5: 12: 7; F 6: 18: 8; clava: 56: 17; forewing length: width: 274: 66; longest marginal seta length: 65; discal setae length: 5 – 7; hind wing length: width: 231: 8; longest marginal seta length: 46; mesotibia length: 79; metatibia length: 89. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
6A1E1B83FF4A5314B8AAC60E9E64F0E1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is a noun in apposition meaning “ a short scape ” in Latin.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
6A1E1B83FF4A5314B8AAC60E9E64F0E1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang).	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
3D8577161E775949B37C7E0A1743CCEB.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
3D8577161E775949B37C7E0A1743CCEB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 1000 – 1200 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 8 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, clava brown; petiole and legs yellowish-brown. Antenna (Fig. 8 B) with scape smooth, F 4 and F 5 subequal in length; clava with six mps. Pronotum (Fig. 8 C) with four setae on each side along the anterior margin. Mesoscutum (Fig. 8 C) smooth; propodeum (Fig. 8 C) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 8 D) with discal cilia very long and sparse; longest marginal seta approximately as long as width of wing. Metacoxa (Fig. 8 E) and petiole in lateral view subequal in length. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
3D8577161E775949B37C7E0A1743CCEB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Germany, Poland.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
49192AE5F01355F48EA342F0A542DE80.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
49192AE5F01355F48EA342F0A542DE80.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 700 – 800 μm (n = 2). Body (Fig. 9 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellow, clava dark brown, petiole yellowish-brown, legs pale brown. Antenna (Fig. 9 B) with scape smooth, clava longer than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres, with eight mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 9 C) with indistinct reticulate sculpture. Propodeum (Fig. 9 C) without a median carina. Forewing (Fig. 9 D) with longest marginal seta 0.9 – 1.3 × as long as the greatest width of the wing; forewing with hypochaeta extending to posterior margin of forewing. Metacoxa (Fig. 9 E) and petiole in lateral view subequal in length. Ovipositor (Fig. 9 E) exserted from gastral gaster by 0.1 × its own total length. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
49192AE5F01355F48EA342F0A542DE80.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Greece, Netherlands.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5F6F9EE3962C5BF9AEB6D10509032B13.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5F6F9EE3962C5BF9AEB6D10509032B13.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 860 – 910 μm (n = 4). Body (Fig. 10 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellow, clava pale brown, petiole yellow, legs yellowish-brown. Antenna (Fig. 10 B) with scape smooth, longer than pedicel, 1.9 – 2.3 × as long as pedicel; clava with seven mps; pronotum with eight setae on each side along the anterior margin (Fig. 10 C); propodeum (Fig. 10 C) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 10 D) 5.0 × as long as wide, the longest marginal seta as long as the greatest width of wing. Ovipositor (Fig. 10 E) exserted beyond apex of gaster by ~ 0.1 × its own total length; ovipositor 1.4 – 1.5 × length of metatibia. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5F6F9EE3962C5BF9AEB6D10509032B13.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Netherlands.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EFC315160674504F9AEB50875D344650.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EFC315160674504F9AEB50875D344650.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 1130 – 1165 μm (n = 2). Body (Fig. 11 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellow, clava pale brown, petiole and legs yellow. Antenna (Fig. 11 B) with scape smooth; F 1 as long as F 4 and both the longest funiculars; clava with six mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 11 C) smooth; pronotum with four setae on each side along the anterior margin (Fig. 11 C); propodeum (Fig. 11 C) without a median carina. Forewing (Fig. 11 D) with discal cilia extending to approximately mid-length of submarginal vein. Metacoxa (Fig. 11 E) in lateral view 0.7 × as long as petiole. Ovipositor (Fig. 11 E) slightly exserted from the apex of gaster. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EFC315160674504F9AEB50875D344650.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Europe.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
A6AD015DC5055332924602ADA1EC8C7A.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
A6AD015DC5055332924602ADA1EC8C7A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Antenna (Fig. 2 C) scape with cross-ridges (Fig. 2 C, D); F 4 and F 5 subequal in length and shorter than F 6; F 6 with one mps; clava shorter than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres and shorter than combined length of F 1 – F 3, with six mps. Mesoscutum with conspicuous reticulate sculpture; pronotum (Fig. 2 E) with three setae on each side along the anterior margin; propodeum (Fig. 2 G) without median carina; forewing with hypochaeta extending to posterior margin of forewing (Fig. 2 H, I). Ovipositor (Fig. 2 K) exserted beyond gastral apex by 0.3 × (0.2 – 0.3 ×) its own total length.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
A6AD015DC5055332924602ADA1EC8C7A.taxon	description	Description. Female (holotype and paratypes). Body length 1560 – 1700 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 2 A) black; scape and pedicel yellowish-brown, clava dark brown, legs pale brown. Head (Fig. 2 B) in frontal view 0.8 × (0.8 – 1.2 ×) as high as wide. Antenna (Fig. 2 C) scape with cross-ridges, 2.7 × (2.0 – 2.7 ×) as long as wide (including short radicle), scape longer than pedicel, 1.7 × (1.5 – 1.7) as long as pedicel; pedicel smooth, 1.9 × (1.5 – 1.9 ×) as long as wide, 1.3 × (1.3 – 1.6 ×) as long as F 1; F 1 the shortest and F 2 the longest funiculars; F 4 and F 5 subequal in length and shorter than F 6; F 6 with one mps; clava 3.6 × (3.4 – 3.6 ×) as long as wide, shorter than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres and shorter than combined length of F 1 – F 3, with six mps. Mesosoma 1.5 × (1.5 – 1.7 ×) as long as wide; mesoscutum with conspicuous reticulate sculpture; scutellum and propodeum smooth; pronotum (Fig. 2 E) divided mediolongitudinally, with three setae on each side along the anterior margin; mesoscutum (Fig. 2 F) 0.7 × as long as wide, longer than scutellum; scutellum (Fig. 2 F) 0.6 × (0.6 – 0.8 ×) as long as wide; frenum short, separated from scutellum by a row of small foveae; propodeum (Fig. 2 G) without median carina. Forewing (Fig. 2 H) 4.1 × (4.1 – 4.3 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, densely setose beyond venation, with discal setae originating behind stigmal vein (Fig. 2 I), many of them 6.1 – 7.3 μm long; forewing marginal hairs are significantly shorter; longest marginal seta 0.6 × greatest width of forewing; hypochaeta extending to posterior margin of forewing (Fig. 2 H, I). Hind wing (Fig. 2 J) 50.6 × (48.8 – 50.6 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, with two rows of setae; longest marginal seta 6.5 × (6.1 – 6.5 ×) greatest width of hind wing. Metacoxa (Fig. 2 K) smooth, in lateral view ~ 0.9 × as long as petiole; petiole (Fig. 2 K) ~ 2.0 × (2.0 – 2.5 ×) as long as wide, in dorsal view without vertical striations and expanded basally. Ovipositor (Fig. 2 K) 1.3 × (1.2 – 1.4 ×) as long as gaster, exserted beyond gastral apex by 0.3 × (0.2 – 0.3 ×) its own total length; ovipositor 2.8 × (2.5 – 2.8 ×) length of mesotibia and 2.4 × length of metatibia. Measurements of the holotype (μm). Head height: width: 93: 114; mesosoma (in dorsal view) length: width: 216: 148; mesoscutum length: width: 87: 125; scutellum length: width: 53: 88; median carina length: 20; petiole length: width: 69: 35; gaster length: width: 369: 181; ovipositor length: 480; exserted part of ovipositor: 123; antennal segments length: width: scape: 64: 24; pedicel: 38: 20; F 1: 29: 8; F 2: 60: 8; F 3: 51: 7; F 4: 34: 9; F 5: 36: 11; F 6: 41: 14; clava: 86: 24; forewing length: width: 656: 161; longest marginal seta length: 101; discal setae length: 6 – 7; hind wing length: width: 506: 10; longest marginal seta length: 65; mesotibia length: 173; metatibia length: 203. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
A6AD015DC5055332924602ADA1EC8C7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after its type locality.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
A6AD015DC5055332924602ADA1EC8C7A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang).	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
FDDA93C6FBE05B428149F18CF36A6D80.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
FDDA93C6FBE05B428149F18CF36A6D80.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 1200 μm (n = 1). Antenna (Fig. 12 A) with scape smooth, 2.5 × as long as pedicel; clava with six mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 12 B) smooth. Forewing with discal microtrichia (Fig. 12 C) very long, irregularly arranged and extending proximally to approximately mid-length of submarginal vein. Metacoxa (Fig. 12 D) in lateral view shorter than petiole; ovipositor (Fig. 12 D) barely protruding beyond apex of gaster. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
FDDA93C6FBE05B428149F18CF36A6D80.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Europe.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
44F0627A60DE5EE98DAB9F64D6E5633D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body color generally pale to dark brown, antenna (Figs 2 A, 8 A, 14 A) with scape and pedicel generally paler than the body. Face (Figs 1 A, 2 B, 3 B) without a pit next to each torulus. Most male genitalia with digitus bearing a strongly curved claw with one or two distinct denticles on its concave margin.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
92D2CC01AD075F12A545B33121FE8AD7.taxon	description	Fig. 3	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
92D2CC01AD075F12A545B33121FE8AD7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body dark brown (Fig. 3 A); antenna (Fig. 3 C) with scape smooth; F 1 and F 4 subequal in length and the shortest funiculars; clava shorter than combined length of F 1 – F 3 but longer than combined length of 3 preceding flagellomeres, with seven mps. Mesosoma smooth; pronotum (Fig. 3 D) with six setae on each side along the anterior margin; propodeum (Fig. 3 F) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 2 G) 4.4 × (4.0 – 4.4 ×) as long as wide. Ovipositor (Fig. 3 J) slightly exserted beyond gastral apex.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
92D2CC01AD075F12A545B33121FE8AD7.taxon	description	Description. Female (holotype and paratypes). Body length 860 – 930 μm (n = 5). Body dark brown (Fig. 3 A), antenna brown except pedicel yellowish-brown, petiole pale brown, legs yellowish-brown. Head (Fig. 3 B) in frontal view 0.6 × (0.6 – 0.8 ×) as high as wide. Antenna (Fig. 3 C) with scape smooth, 2.6 × (2.1 – 2.7 ×) as long as wide (including a short radicle); pedicel 1.6 × (1.5 – 1.6 ×) as long as wide, with the same length as F 2; F 1 and F 4 as long as and the shortest funiculars; F 6 with one mps; clava 2.9 × (2.6 – 2.9 ×) as long as wide, shorter than combined length of F 1 – F 3 but longer than combined length of three preceding flagellomeres, with seven mps. Mesosoma smooth, 1.4 × (1.4 – 1.6 ×) as long as wide; pronotum (Fig. 3 D) divided mediolongitudinally, with six setae on each side along the anterior margin; mesoscutum (Fig. 3 E) wider than long; scutellum (Fig. 3 E) 0.7 × (0.7 – 0.8 ×) as long as wide, shorter than mesoscutum; frenum short, separated from scutellum by a row of small, inconspicuous foveae; propodeum (Fig. 3 F) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 3 G) 4.4 × (4.0 – 4.4 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, densely setose beyond venation, with discal setae originating behind apex of submarginal vein (Fig. 3 H), many of them 9 – 17 μm long; longest marginal seta 0.9 × (0.8 – 0.9 ×) greatest width of forewing; hypochchaeta not reaching posterior margin of forewing (Fig. 3 H). Hind wing (Fig. 3 I) 39 × (39 – 42 ×) as long as wide; disc hyaline, with two rows of setae; longest marginal seta 6.4 × (6.4 – 7.1 ×) greatest width of hind wing. Metacoxa (Fig. 3 J) smooth, in lateral view a little shorter than petiole. Petiole (Fig. 3 J) ~ 1.8 × (1.8 – 2.1 ×) as long as wide, in dorsal view with inconspicuous transverse striations, and expanded basally. Ovipositor (Fig. 3 J) 1.0 × (1.0 – 1.1 ×) as long as gaster, slightly exserted beyond gastral apex, 1.6 × (1.6 – 2.0 ×) length of mesotibia and 1.7 × (1.3 – 1.8 ×) length of metatibia. Measurements of the holotype (μm). Head height: width: 89: 138; mesosoma (in dorsal view) length: width: 177: 131; mesoscutum length: width: 69: 113; scutellum length: width: 55: 77; median carina length: 6.5; petiole length: width: 48: 27; gaster length: width: 224: 142; ovipositor length: 232; exserted part of ovipositor: 30; antennal segments length: width: scape: 49: 19; pedicel: 32: 20; F 1: 19: 7; F 2: 32: 7; F 3: 25: 7; F 4: 19: 9; F 5: 17: 11; F 6: 27: 14; clava: 68: 23; forewing length: width: 478: 107; longest marginal seta length: 94; discal setae length: 4 – 7; hind wing length: width: 433: 11; longest marginal seta length: 70; mesotibia length: 141; metatibia length: 132. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
92D2CC01AD075F12A545B33121FE8AD7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the host plant genus, Haloxylon (Amaranthaceae).	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
92D2CC01AD075F12A545B33121FE8AD7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang).	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5FD4DA9FD8E35703A920318BFEE44216.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5FD4DA9FD8E35703A920318BFEE44216.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 870 – 1060 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 13 A) dark brown, scape and clava pale brown, pedicel yellowish-brown; petiole and legs pale brown. Antenna (Fig. 13 B) with scape with indistinct cross-ridges, clava with seven mps. Propodeum (Fig. 13 C) with a short median carina. Forewing (Fig. 13 D) 3.9 – 4.0 × as long as wide; longest marginal seta 0.6 – 0.8 × as long as the greatest width of wing, with discal microtrichia short, uniformly arranged; dark microtrichia on disc beginning behind stigmal vein. Metacoxa (Fig. 13 E) in lateral view shorter than petiole. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
5FD4DA9FD8E35703A920318BFEE44216.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Netherlands.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EE2B7CBB4AA75EA9882DC9658D4B3DA4.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EE2B7CBB4AA75EA9882DC9658D4B3DA4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female. Body length 710 – 800 μm (n = 3). Body (Fig. 14 A) dark brown, scape and pedicel yellow, F 1 – F 5 pale yellow, F 6 and clava brown; petiole and legs yellow. Antenna (Fig. 14 B) with scape smooth, 2.5 – 2.7 × as long as wide (including short radicle); F 4 and F 5 subequal in length; clava as long as combined length of three preceding flagellomeres, with seven mps. Mesoscutum (Fig. 14 C) with indistinct reticulate sculpture. Metacoxa (Fig. 14 E) in lateral view 1.1 – 1.2 × as long as petiole. Male. Unknown.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
EE2B7CBB4AA75EA9882DC9658D4B3DA4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xinjiang); Europe and Turkey.	en	Aishan, Zhulidezi, Wang, Jin-Ling, Sharengaowa,, Triapitsyn, Serguei V. (2025): Polynema (Polynema) Haliday (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) of Xinjiang: descriptions of three new species, with eleven new records from China. ZooKeys 1251: 39-60, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1251.161229
