identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C2311961FFD0FF9DFF379190FA64FDC0.text	C2311961FFD0FF9DFF379190FA64FDC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eugenia caducipetala M. A. D. Souza & Scud. 2015	<div><p>1.  Eugenia caducipetala M.A.D.Souza &amp; Scud.,  sp. nov.</p><p>Type:—   BRAZIL. Amazonas: Município de Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.6166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.15/lat -2.6166668)">Reserva Experimental de Silvicultura Tropical</a>, 02º37’S, 60º09’W, 12 January 1972, A. Loureiro &amp; O. Monteiro 34 (holotype INPA! ,  isotypes INPA!,  MG!,  MBM!). Figure 1A–B.</p><p>Eugenia caducipetala is similar to  E. exaltata, and may be distinguished by the inflorescences with arachnoid trichomes (vs. glabrous to glabrescent in  E. exaltata), fruits crowned by small and closed sepals (vs. large and spread), blades chartaceous with flat margins and acuminate to caudate apices (vs. coriaceous with revolute margins, acute to shortacuminate apices), with the abaxial surface with numerous depressed and concave glands giving a finely rugose texture (vs. scattered and slightly raised, the surface smooth), the midvein adaxially convex (vs. depressed or concave) and abaxially with sparse arachnoid trichomes, and finely rugose surface (vs. glabrous).</p><p>Tree 7–20 m tall, to 30 cm diam.; trunk cylindrical, the base straight; rhytidome grey to brown, fissured to reticulate, not exfoliating but detaching woody fragments, the inner bark brown; twigs applanate, the surface glabrous to glabrescent, the trichomes brown. Leaf blade elliptic, 86× 40 mm, coriaceous, discolorous in fresh and dried specimens, glabrous, dull brown, somewhat shining and with inconspicuous dark glands adaxially, minutely rough and puberulent abaxially, with salient glandular dots, the base cuneate, the apex acuminate to caudate, the midvein adaxially convex, occasionally concave when dry, the lateral veins straight, ascending, submerged to salient adaxially and barely visible (impressed) or invisible abaxially, the inframarginal vein absent to less than 1 mm from the margin, the intramarginal nerve semi-arching along the lateral veins, 1–3 mm from the margin, the margin itself finely revolute; petioles 4–9 mm long, canaliculate to sulcate, glabrescent. Inflorescence fasciculate, single to superposed, axillary to ramiflorous, with 2–3 flowers, or, occasionally, a short raceme with peduncle 3–5 mm long, usually smaller than the pedicels, these 2–11 mm long, sericeous, with brown to ferruginous trichomes; bracts like scale or orbicular, 1–2 mm long, pubescent; bracteoles deltoid or orbicular, the apex acute, free, the base contiguous, 0.8–1.2 mm long, puberulent to strigose; flower buds globose or subglobose; hypanthium campanulate, 1.2–1.5 × 1.2–2 mm, comprising lower half of the floral bud, strigose, brown to greenish, the margin below the top of the ovary; sepals orbicular, free, in equal or unequal pairs, in this case the largest ones to 1 × 2 mm, the smaller ones to 0.5 × 1.5 mm, ciliate or glabrous to pubescent abaxially, subcarnose, green, in anthesis flat or nearly so, internally white; petals caducous at anthesis, in bud obovate to spathulate, cucullate, glabrous, up to 3 × 2 mm; staminal ring quadrangular, 2–3 mm wide, pubescent; stamens 30 to 40, cream to whitish, the filaments not subulate; anthers setaceous, dorsifixed, 0, 4 mm, with one conspicuous gland, impressed to globular; style 4 mm, the stigma capitate to discoid; ovary bilocular, with ca. 12 ovules per locule. Fruit subglobose, 9–13 mm diam., black with glabrous surface when ripe, rough and glandular, slightly fleshy, crowned by the sepals; seed 1, subglobose, 6–10 mm in diam., hard with and the surface smooth; cotyledon fused, the hypocotyl not visible.</p><p>Distribution and habitat:—  Eugenia caducipetala is known only from Brazilian Amazonia (Amazonas and Pará states), being found in dense humid forests, on plateau habitat on terra firme (upland terrain) and on hillsides.</p><p>Phenology:—Flowers were collected from September to March; ripe fruits were collected in June.</p><p>Etymology:—The epithet is a reference to the caducous petals that fall immediately following anthesis.</p><p>Conservation status:—  Eugenia caducipetala can be considered as IUCN category DD data deficient (IUCN 2014), due insufficient information regarding range and abundance.</p><p>Affinities:—  Eugenia caducipetala is morphologically similar to  E. exaltata Richard ex O.Berg (1869: 687), from which it is distinguished by the characters cited in the diagnosis.</p><p>Paratypes:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Itapiranga,  rio Urucará, 11 September 1968, Silva 1916 (MG!) ;  ibidem, 12 September 1968, Silva 1921 (MG!);  ibid., 12 September 1968, Silva 1926 (MG!).  Manaus,  Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, 1 September 1966, G.T. Prance et al. 2145 (INPA!) ;  ibid., 2 September 1966, G.T. Prance et al. 2173 (INPA!);  ibid., 14 December 1966, G.T. Prance et al. 3644 (INPA!);  ibid., 19 June 1995, J. Ribeiro et al. 1658 (INPA!);  ibid., March 1997, J. Ribeiro et al. 1886 (INPA!, SEL!);  ibid., 30 July 1963, W. Rodrigues 5408 (INPA!);  ibid., 16 October 1963, W. Rodrigues 7358 (INPA!);  ibid., 13 April 1964, W. Rodrigues &amp; A. Loureiro 5755 (INPA!);  ibid., 19 December 1996, M.A.D. Souza &amp; P.A.C.L. Assunção 297 (INPA!);  ibid., 2 September 1994, M.A.D. Souza &amp; C.F. Silva 587 (INPA!).  Pará: Altamira,  BR230, km 20 entre Altamira-Itaituba, 31 October 1977, G.T. Prance et al. 24729 (MG!)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2311961FFD0FF9DFF379190FA64FDC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	De Souza, Maria Anália D.;Scudeller, Veridiana V.;Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De	De Souza, Maria Anália D., Scudeller, Veridiana V., Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De (2015): Three new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Amazonia. Phytotaxa 212 (1): 87-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4
C2311961FFD2FF9AFF379076FE48F7AC.text	C2311961FFD2FF9AFF379076FE48F7AC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eugenia kerianthera M. A. D. Souza 2015	<div><p>2.  Eugenia kerianthera M.A.D.Souza,  sp. nov.</p><p>Type:—   Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.15&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.6166668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.15/lat -2.6166668)">Reserva Experimental de Silvicultura Tropical</a>, 02º37’S, 60º09’W, 7 November 1997, M.A.D. Souza &amp; P.A.C.L. Assunção 456 (holotype INPA! ,  isotypes SEL!,  SP!). Figure 2A–C.</p><p>Eugenia kerianthera is similar to  Eugenia yasuniana, however differ by having long strigose trichomes (vs. sericeouspubescent in  E. yasuniana), narrowly elliptic leaves with acuminate to caudate apices (vs. broadly-elliptic to oblong with acute apices), deltoid and setaceous bracts and bracteoles (vs. suborbicular), broadly deltoid and persistent sepals (vs. ovate and deciduous), oblong to obovate petals (vs. elliptic), and anthers with irregular valve-like apertures (vs. regularly rimose).</p><p>Shrub to treelet 0.5–2 m tall, 2–5 cm in diam., trunk cylindrical, the base straight; rhytidome beige to grey or brownish, microfissured to reticulated, not exfoliating but detaching cartaceous to hard fragments; twigs cylindrical to flattened, strigose, the trichomes white or silvery to beige or brown, shining, simple. Petioles 6–12 mm long, sulcate to canaliculate, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic to oval elliptic, 100–205 × 36–80 mm, coriaceous to rigid coriaceous, discolorous when fresh or when dry, adaxially glabrous and dull, the surface minutely wrinkled, with impressed with inconspicuous dark glands, abaxially densely strigose, rarely glabrescent, the trichomes like those on the twigs, the apex acuminate to caudate, the base cuneate, the midvein salient to impressed or plane adaxially, the lateral veins leaving the midvein at angles of ca. 45 degrees, straight, impressed adaxially, abaxially salient but barely visible or invisible due to the indumentum, the intramarginal vein arcuate, 2–5 mm from the margin, the margin finely revolute. Inflorescence simple, superposed, cauliflorous, strigose, the trichomes silvery to shining brown or perolate; flowers fasciculate or glomerulate, rarely in a raceme with rachis 3–20 mm long, the internodes ca. 2–4 mm long; pedicels 3–7 mm; bracts deltoid, 1–2 mm long; bracteoles setaceous, free, 1–4 mm long × 0.6–0.7 mm wide; bud pyriform to obovate, the globe 4–7 × 4 mm, the hypanthium 2.5–4.5 × 3–4 mm diam., lower one-third of the globe, campanulate to cylindrical, the margin level with the top of the ovary, densely strigose; flowers to 25 mm in diam.; sepals widely deltoid, 7 × 4 mm, densely strigose abaxially with trichomes ca. 2 mm long, connate for about two-thirds of their length and covering the petals before anthesis, coriaceous, whitish within, cucullate at anthesis; petals oblong to obovate, 10 × 5 mm, imbricate, white, glabrous; staminal ring quadrangular, 2.8–4 mm wide, pilose; stamens 60–70, cream to whitish; filaments filiform, 10–15 mm long, the anthers oblong, 1 mm long, dorsifixed to basifixed, cream to whitish, irregularly rimose, opening like valves, the connective gland protuberant; ovary bilocular, with ca. 10 ovules per locule, style to 8 mm long, the stigma punctiform. Fruit globose to subglobose, 11–30 × 12–25 mm, crowned by the sepals, the epicarp hairy with trichomes like those of the hypanthium, mesocarp scarcely fleshy; seeds 2–5 per fruit, subglobose, 10–15 mm, the testa coriaceous, smooth, with a distinct rapheal scar ca. 10 mm long, curved over fused cotyledons.</p><p>Distribution and habitat:—  Eugenia kerianthera is only known from the Central Amazon, in dense humid forests, on plateaus and slopes, on clayey soils.</p><p>Phenology:—Buds, flowers and immature fruits from September to December; ripe fruits collected in January.</p><p>Etymology:—The epithet is derived from the Greek words for “honeycomb” and “anthers” due to the morphology of the stamens; it is necessary to say that the name was also inspired in the Brazilian genus  Kerianthera J.H.Kirkbride ( Rubiaceae; Kirkbride 1985), which has a similar morphology.</p><p>Conservation status:—  Eugenia kerianthera has a restricted distribution and has been recorded from three locations in the Municipality of Manaus: the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, and forests reserves of Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM) and the Centro de Projetos e Estudos Especiais do Amazonas (CEPEAM). Due to limited information, the conservation status of this species should be scored in the category of Data Deficient (DD) by the IUCN (IUCN 2014).</p><p>Affinities:—  Eugenia kerianthera is easily distinguishable due to the long and shining brilliant surface of trichomes present in all plant parts, giving them a pearl appearance in the light. It is morphologically similar to to Ecuadorian  E. yasuniana B.Holst &amp; M.L.Kawasaki (2009: 934), with which it is compared in the diagnosis.</p><p>Paratypes:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8833332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.966667/lat -2.8833332)">Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke</a>, 02 o 53’S, 59 o 58´W, 28 January 2003, C.V. Castilho et al. 1081 (INPA!) ;  ibidem, 18 February 2003, C.V. Castilho et al. 1149 (INPA!);  ibid., 15 January 1996, M.A.S. Costa et al. 691 (INPA!, SEL!);  ibid., 3 November 1997, M.A.D. Souza et al. 447 (INPA!);  ibid., 2 February 1998, M.A.D. Souza et al. 546 (INPA!, SEL!, SP!);  ibid., 3 December 1997, M.A.D. Souza et al. 485 (INPA!);  ibid., M.A.D. Souza et al. 448 (INPA!);   Rio Negro, região do rio Cuieiras, matas do SIDERA, 11 November 1963, W.A. Rodrigues 5522 (INPA!)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2311961FFD2FF9AFF379076FE48F7AC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	De Souza, Maria Anália D.;Scudeller, Veridiana V.;Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De	De Souza, Maria Anália D., Scudeller, Veridiana V., Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De (2015): Three new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Amazonia. Phytotaxa 212 (1): 87-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4
C2311961FFD4FF98FF3792A2FB9CFE14.text	C2311961FFD4FF98FF3792A2FB9CFE14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eugenia marleneae M. A. D. Souza & M. Mendonca 2015	<div><p>3.  Eugenia marleneae M.A.D.Souza &amp; M.Mendonça,  sp. nov.</p><p>Type:—   Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8833332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.966667/lat -2.8833332)">Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke</a>, 02 o 53’S, 59 o 58’W, 21 September 1995, A. Vicentini &amp; C.F. da Silva 1049 (holotype INPA! ,  isotypes INPA!,  SEL!). Figures 1C–G.</p><p>Morphologically similar to  Eugenia gomesiana,  Eugenia marleneae differ by its orbicular bracteoles (vs. filiform), inflorescence with strigose trichomes (vs. villose), and midvein adaxially concave (vs. prominent), and to  Eugenia trinervia, being distinguished from it by its fasciculate inflorescences (vs. racemose) and large pyriform fruits to 55 mm (vs. globose or oblong to 10 mm). Additionally,  Eugenia marleneae is distinct from all Amazonian species for its 3–4-locular ovary.</p><p>Tree, 15–40 cm diam., 8–25 m high, trunk slightly channeled, rhytidome blotchy, the periderm detaching in leathery, revolute blades to 50 cm long, or orange to brown peel or scars; twigs plannate, strigose, with silver or brown simple trichomes ca. 0.2 mm long. Petiole 6–10 mm, canaliculate, puberulent; leaf blade elliptic to widely elliptic, 70– 95 × 40–53 mm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous or with appressed trichomes when young, and with glandular dots slightly prominent on both sides, obscure, the apex acuminate, rarely acute, the base cuneate; midvein concave and the lateral veins salient adaxially, these ascendant to arcuate, the marginal vein simple to double, the intramarginal vein 3–4 mm from the margin, arcuate to semi-arcuate. Inflorescence an axillary to ramiflorous raceme, simple, single to superposed, fasciculate to short-racemose, the peduncle 3–12 mm, uniflorous to biflorous or the peduncle with two pairs of flowers; pedicel 5–15 mm long, densely strigose, trichomes silver to shining brown, the vegetative growth of the shoot continuous above the flowers; bracts persistent, 1.5–4 × 1 mm, orbicular to deltoid, abaxially carenate; bracteoles orbicular, 1.2–2.5 × 1–2 mm, free to connate until about one-third of its length, involucrate, abaxially pilose, margin ciliate; flowers to 20 mm diam., the hypanthium infundibuliform, 2–3 × 1.5–3 mm, lower one-third of the bud, margin not exceeding the top of the ovary, strigose, the globe of bud 8–10 × 5–8 mm, globose to ellipsoid; sepals subequal to unequal, 3–5 × 2–4 mm, orbicular to oblong, the apex rounded, basally connate, abaxially flat to convex and carenate, glabrous to pubescent on both sides, persistent, white to greenish, reflexed; petals oblong to obovate, 7–12 × 4–6 mm, white, imbricate, ciliate; staminal disk quadrangular, 4 mm diam., pubescent; stamens 40–50, filaments filiform, 5–6 mm long; anthers oblong, dorsifixed to basifixed, 0.8–1 mm long, rimose, connective with one apical gland, this impressed to indistinct; style 6–10 mm, glabrous to pubescent at the base, apex greenish, stigma capitate, white; ovary (3–)4-locular, ca. 5 ovules per locule. Fruit pyriform, 30–55 × 20–43 mm, pubescent, fleshy and succulent; seeds ca. 3, suboblong (12 mm high × 10 mm diam.) or laterally flattened with poles appressed (20 × 28 mm wide); testa coriaceous, smooth, the rapheal scar short; cotyledons fused, the hypocotyl indistinct.</p><p>Distribution and habitat:—  Eugenia marleneae is only known from Amazonas state, in central (municipality of Manaus) and western region (Pico Rondon and municipality of São Paulo de Olivença). It is found in dense humid forests, on terra firme (plateau terrain) and “baixio”, i.e. environment near streams with vegetation on sandy soil.</p><p>Phenology:—Buds, flowers and immature fruits were collected from March to September, with ripe fruits collected in December.</p><p>Etymology:—The epithet honors the first Amazonian botanist born in Amazonas, Dr. Marlene Freitas da Silva (1937–2005). She contributed greatly to the knowledge of Amazonian plants, to training students in taxonomy and especially in floristic inventory, and in organizing the INPA and UEA herbaria. Dr. Marlene da Silva left a great legacy and she was one of the main collaborators and mentors in studies developed at the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke. Conservation status:—Due to the small numbers of collections in herbaria this species should be scored as Data Deficient (DD) according to IUCN conservation criteria IUCN (2014).</p><p>Paratypes:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.716667/lat -2.4)">Distrito Agropecuário, 90 km NE de Manaus, Reserva 150 (km 41)</a>, 02°24’S, 59°43’W, 5 November 1991, A.A. Oliveira et al. 202 (INPA!) ;   Estrada Manaus-Porto Velho, trecho entre os rios Castanhos e Tupana, 14 July 1972, M.F. Silva et al. 752 (INPA!) ;   Estrada AM 10, km 74 ao lado direito, 3 September 1965, W. Rodrigues &amp; A. Loureiro 7095 (INPA!) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-62.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -62.8/lat 1.5333333)">Pico Rondon, km 211 of Perimetral North Hwy.</a>, 01 o 32’N, 62 o 48’ W, 25 March 1984, J.J. Pipoly et al. 6913 (INPA!, NY!) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8833332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.966667/lat -2.8833332)">Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke</a>, 02 o 53’S, 59 o 58´W, 13 December 1995, M.A.D. Souza et al. 188 (INPA!, SEL!) ;   São Paulo de Olivença,  basin creek Belém, 26 October to 11 December 1936, B.A. Krukoff et al. 8911 (G!, NY!, RB!)  .</p><p>Vegetatively  E. marleneae is similar to  Eugenia trinervia Vahl (1798:36), which has inflorescence axes essentially elongated and pedicels longer than the intervals between the rachises.  Eugenia trinervia also differs from  E. marleneae by its small and globose or oblong (ca. 10 mm) fruits, and had been collected in Central America (Guadalupe, Martinique) only.</p><p>Eugenia marleneae, in addition, is too morphologically similar to  E. gomesiana O. Berg (1857: 254), but differs by its fissured to smooth branchelets (vs. suberose), chartaceous elliptic leaves (vs. coriaceous to rigid, and oblong), leaf apex distinctly acuminate (vs. acute) and base distinctly cuneate, respectively (vs. obtuse or acute) and concave midvein.  Eugenia marleneae also has orbicular bracteoles (vs. filiform, Figure 1G), hypanthium infundibuliform (vs. campanulate) and inflorescence with strigose trichomes (vs. villose), and (3-)4 - locular ovary, an uncommon feature in the genus.  Eugenia marleneae and  E. gomesiana are both deciduous, renewing their foliage during flowering. This feature can create difficulties for identification, since the only visible characters are the shape of the caducous bracteoles and the presence of scaly stipules 0.3–10 mm in the terminal branches of  E. gomesiana . Indeed,  E. gomesiana is found in cerrado vegetation in Central Brazil and in flooded areas of the Brazilian Amazon only.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2311961FFD4FF98FF3792A2FB9CFE14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	De Souza, Maria Anália D.;Scudeller, Veridiana V.;Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De	De Souza, Maria Anália D., Scudeller, Veridiana V., Mendonça, Maria Sílvia De (2015): Three new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Amazonia. Phytotaxa 212 (1): 87-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.4
