taxonID	type	description	language	source
BA1287DBA1412530289B707AFC73FB3D.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 A)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1412530289B707AFC73FB3D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Ototojima I., 1 juv. Ə (NSMT-Cr 31645; cb 10.1 × cl 7.3 mm), 18 - IV- 1975, Kuwabara leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Blue Ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 15 – 17 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31646; cb 6.0 × cl 4.5 mm), 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31647; cb 7.5 × cl 5.8 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Dividing site Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 20 – 25 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31649; cb 7.0 × cl 5.5 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The carapace shape and spotted pattern of two juvenile specimens at hand (Fig. 1 A) are quite different from the colored original figure (Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842, pl. 2 fig. 3) which was reproduced by Castro et al. (2004, pl. 3 fig. C), and completely agreeable with the monochrome figure of the juvenile specimen of T. latifrons described by A. Milne-Edwards (1867), which is synonymous with this species. The difference of the carapace shape may be referred to the juvenile stage generally known in the Trapezia species; in the smaller individuals, the carapace is wider anteriorly to show reverse triangular appearance. The fewer, only some white spots may be also due to the juvenile stage. The fine color photograph with many white spots on the carapace of the larger specimen is seen in Higashiji et al. (2013, fig. 2 G), and also the similar color photographs were published in some guide books published in Japan, e. g., Takeda (1975, 1 unnumbered fig.), Nagai and Nomura (1988, unnumbered fig.), and Minemizu (2000, 1 unnumbered fig.). The monochrome photograph of a specimen from the Ogasawara Islands (Ooishi, 1970, pl. 15 fig. 10) shows, without doubt, the same pattern having many spots on the carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs. Distribution. Indo-West Pacific except for the Red Sea; the western Indian Ocean eastwards to French Polynesia, the Hawaiian Islands and Japan in the Pacific Ocean.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14125322AD77790FEFDF946.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 B)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14125322AD77790FEFDF946.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 young 8 (NSMT-Cr 31649; cb 7.3 × cl 6.4 mm), 6 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. Galil and Lewinsohn (1984) deeply discussed the synonymy of this species based on numerous specimens preserved in many museums, and made clear the confusion with some similarly spotted species, especially Trapezia rufopunctata (Herbst, 1799). Later, due to the extended works by Castro (1997 a, b, 1999, 2009) and Castro et al. (2004), T. punctata Coulon, 1864, T. danae Ward, 1939, and T. wardi Serène, 1971, were reduced to synonyms of T. tigrina. The size and number of the reddish spots are rather similar in T. tigrina and T. rufopunctata, and considerably variable in the developmental stages in both species. However, the carapace shape is different in both species. The carapace of T. tigrina is not widened anteriorly, with the subparallel anterolateral margins of both sides (Fig. 1 B), while in T. rufopunctata, the carapace seems to be wider anteriorly, viz. each anterolateral margin of the carapace weakly directed obliquely outward to the external orbital tooth and each posterolateral margin behind the epibranchial tooth strongly convergent to the carapace posterior margin. The color photographs of both species were finely indicated by Maenosono (2021 b, fig. 2 A – B for T. tigrina; fig. 2 F for T. rufopunctata). As also indicated in the present paper (Fig. 1 B), the spots are generally larger and fewer than T. rufopunctata, in which the outline of each spot is clear-cut. In life, the spots of T. rufopunctata are deep-red much more than those of T. tigrina. Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean to the southern and western Pacific northwards to Japan.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14325352B007391FDEFFAA5.taxon	description	(Fig. 6 E – F)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14325352B007391FDEFFAA5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Ototojima I., 1 Ə (NSMT-Cr 31650; cb 8.9 × cl 7.6 mm), 1 ovig. 8 (NSMT-Cr 31651; cb 13.6 × cl 11.9 mm), 1 8 (NSMT-Cr 31652; cb 10.4 × cl 7.6 mm), 10 - VII- 1969, M. Imajima leg. Remarks. Guinot-Dumortier (1961) reviewed the genus Globopilumnus Balss, 1933, and established two West African and three Indo-West Pacific species. Since this contribution, Globopilumnus is widely used for the Indo-West Pacific species, but Rathbun (1930) has already made Pilumnus (Eupilumnus) Kossmann, 1877, as a senior synonym of Globopilumnus. The name of the genus Globopilumnus is nomenclatorially invalid, being explained as such by Ng et al. (2001). On describing a new species of the genus Globopilumnus, now Eupilumnus, Takeda and Nagai (1983) made a key to distinguish five known and one new species. Among them, E. globosus (Dana, 1852) and E. actumnoides (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873) are morphologically close to each other, and the other species may be easily separated from the congeners. In these two species, the carapace is thickly covered with stiff setae, with four or five anterolateral tubercles in E. globosus (Fig. 6 E) and six or seven tubercles in E. actumnoides. Otherwise, the ambulatory legs are unarmed in E. globosus, but armed with a distal spine on each propodus of first three pairs in E. actumnoides. It is said that the carapace posterolateral margins of both sides are subparallel in E. globosus and convergent toward the lateral ends of the carapace posterior margin in E. actumnoides. However, the difference of the carapace contour thus mentioned may be not always a reliable character to distinguish the two species in question.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14325352B007391FDEFFAA5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Laccadive Islands and Mergui Archipelago in the central Indian Ocean; South China Sea, Micronesian islands, Philippines, Japan, Hawaii, Tahiti and Tuamotu Islands in the Pacific Ocean. New to the Ogasawara Islands.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1442537289B761AFB39FE95.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 E – F)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1442537289B761AFB39FE95.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Futami Bay, Chichi-jima I., on buoy, 2 ƏƏ (cb 7.9 × cl 5.6 mm; cb 8.5 × cl 5.9 mm), 1 ovig. 8 (cb 8.0 × cl 5.4 mm), NSMT-Cr 6874, 17 - V- 1975, Y. Kurata leg.; Noyagi-zaki (27 ° 04 ′ 30 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 05 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 12 m, 1 Ə (NSMT-Cr 31653; cb 6.5 × cl 4.4 mm), 10 - XI- 2013, H. Komatsu leg.; Hitomaru-jima I. (27 ° 07 ′ 04 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 27 ″ E), 6 – 8 m, 2 ƏƏ (cb 6.3 × cl 4.3 mm; cb 8.4 × cl 5.9 mm), 2 88 (cb 8.4 × cl 6.1 mm; cb 8.4 × cl 6.0 mm), 1 ovig. 8 (cb 6.5 × cl 4.4 mm), NSMT-Cr 31654, 29 - VI- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Shihon-iwa North (26 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 37 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31655; cb 5.4 × cl 4.2 mm), 1 ♂ (cb 5.2 × cl 3.7 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (cb 5.5 × cl 4.1 mm; cb 6.0 × cl 4.5 mm), NSMT-Cr 31656, 2 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Big Beach (26 ° 36 ′ 01 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 13 ″ E), Mukou-jima I., 3 ♂♂ (cb 5.2 × cl 3.9 mm — cb 6.5 × cl 5.0 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 6.5 × cl 4.7 mm), 2 ♀♀ (cb 6.5 × cl 4.5 mm; cb 8.5 × cl 5.3 mm), NSMT-Cr 31657, 2 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31658; cb 7.6 × cl 5.2 mm), 3 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Nishi-hana (26 ° 36 ′ 40 ″ N, 142 ° 07 ′ 40 ″ E), Mukou-jima I., 2 ♂♂ (NSMT-Cr 31659; cb 5.3 × cl 3.5 mm; cb 5.7 × cl 4.5 mm), 4 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Zakuzaku (26 ° 35 ′ 19 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 41 ″ E), Hira-shima I., 1 young ♂ (cb 3.7 × cl 2.7 mm), 1 young ♀ (cb 5.3 × cl 4.0 mm), NSMT-Cr 31660, 4 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31661; cb 8.2 × cl 5.4 mm), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31662; cb 6.4 × cl 4.8 mm), 6 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Blue Ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 15 – 17 m, 3 ♂♂ (cb 5.9 × cl 4.6 mm — cb 9.0 × cl 6.3 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 7.2 × cl 5.4 mm), NSMT-Cr 31663, 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Uentoro (26 ° 39 ′ 33 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 14 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 12 – 15 m, 2 young ♂♂ (cb 4.0 × cl 2.6 mm; cb 3.5 × cl 2.7 mm), 1 ♀ (cb 6.0 × cl 4.0 mm), NSMT-Cr 31664, 12 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Uentoro (26 ° 39 ′ 28 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 35 ″ E), 14 – 20 m, 2 ♂♂ (cb 7.1 × cl 4.8 mm; cb 8.1 × cl 5.6 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 5.7 × cl 4.2 mm), NSMTCr 31665, 12 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Blue Ribbon, Imoto-jima I., 12 – 14 m, 5 ♂♂ (cb 5.2 × cl 3.6 mm — cb 10.1 × cl 6.6 mm), 2 ovig. ♀♀ (cb 5.8 × cl 3.6 mm; cb 5.1 × cl 3.1 mm), NSMT-Cr 31666, 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), Hira-shima I., 20 – 25 m, 1 young ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31667; cb 4.3 × cl 2.7 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. As recorded above, the biggest specimen, male, is 10.1 mm in carapace breadth (cb), and six ovigerous females are within the range of cb 5.1 – 7.2 mm. In this small species, the carapace dorsal surface is distinctly separated into raised regions by the wide and deep furrows, with rough appearance as a whole. Most remarkable characteristic for this species is, as mentioned by Serène (1984) and seen in Nagai and Nomura (1988) and also in this paper (Fig. 1 F), the presence of several blackish spots arranged longitudinally on the carapace median and lateral parts. The blackish color is more or less spotted, but the spots are sometimes variable in the size and shape, being confluent longitudinally with each other to form some longitudinal lines (Fig. 1 F). The detailed pattern and size of blackish color are variable as such, and followed usually with some yellowish, irregular blotches along dark spots. There is no doubt for the species identification, but with slight hesitation for its generic status because of different carapace ornamentation and hairiness from most of the Actaeodes species except for A. quinquelobatus Garth and Kim, 1983, from the Philippines. Actaeodes quinquelobatus was described as a close congener of A. consobrinus, differentiating in having five anterolateral teeth instead of four. Distribution. Western Pacific from Japan to Australia through the Micronesian islands, and the western Indian Ocean. In Japan, this species is rather rarely found in the Ryukyu Islands, but seems to be not uncommon in the Ogasawara Islands based on the previous records and the specimens examined during the present study.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA146253B2B077229FC41FF68.taxon	description	(Figs. 3 – 4) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 907 AB 301 - A 12 D- 4304 - A 7 EE- 130 E 7 C 392 D 21	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA146253B2B077229FC41FF68.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Blue Ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 12 – 14 m, 1 ♂ (Holotype, NSMTCr 31668; cb 7.3 × cl 4.7 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♂ (Paratype, NSMT-Cr 31669; cb 4.9 × cl 3.8 mm), 6 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg. Diagnosis. Small species, generally close to Actaeodes consobrinus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873). Carapace evenly convex, with deeply sculptured dorsal surface; each protogastric region (2 M) subdivided into four subequal parts; each anterolateral margin with four subequal, obtuse, equidistant teeth behind small external orbital angle; posterior three teeth arranged almost longitudinally; carapace posterolateral margin shorter than anterolateral margin, strongly convergent toward lateral end of carapace posterior margin. Chelipeds short, with chelae and carpi provided with some nodules; dark color of fingers extended back onto most part of outer surface of palm except for place close to basal part of movable finger. Ambulatory legs short; anterior margins of meri and carpi narrowly ridged throughout lengths, regularly serrated with minute sharp granules; each carpus and propodus inflated dorsally, dorsal surface roughly sculptured with longitudinal furrows and depressions. Description of holotype male. Carapace (Fig. 3 A – C) evenly convex in both directions, distinctly divided into regions by wide furrows, without hairs; regions raised, more or less nodular, thickly covered with small granules (Fig. 3 B – C); interregional furrows with sparse indistinct granules of variable sizes; frontal regions (1 F and 2 F) fused, low, but distinct; epigastric region (1 M) of good size, widely separated from 2 F, protogastric region (2 M) and supraorbital margin; each 2 M subdivided into four nodular subequal parts by longitudinal and transverse furrows; metagastric region (3 M) indistinctly subdivided into three parts, with short median anterior extension attaining median part of 2 M; main part of 3 M as large as 2 M, with a deep furrow as boundary from inner branchial region (6 L); urogastric region (4 M) not formed, with a deep transverse furrow between 3 M and cardiac region (1 P); 1 P prominent, with anterior margin rather raised, ridged; intestinal region (2 P) marked with a pair of weak ridges along carapace posterior margin; hepatic region (1 L) flattened, without granules or nodules; branchial regions (2 – 4 L) nodular, subequal to 2 M nodules; 4 L subequal to 3 L; 5 L prominent, as wide as 3 M, with two small nodules along furrow between 5 L and 4 L, shallowly separated from 6 L. Front (Fig. 3 B – C) about one third as wide as carapace, divided into two by a median distinct notch; each lobe strongly convex along inner half, deeply concave along outer half both in dorsal and frontal views; lateral end of each lobe directed downward, not directly continuous with supraorbital angle. Orbit (Fig. 3 B – C) orbicular, deep, supraorbital margin weakly raised, with shallow marginal depression; two small interruptions at median part, external orbital tooth not prominent, forming only a part of supraorbital margin; infraorbital margin concave for most of length, with both ends obtusely angulated. Anterolateral margin (Fig. 3 A – B) 1.5 times as long as posterolateral margin, prominent in dorsal view, but not strongly arched as a whole, being cut into four stout, subequal, equidistant teeth; first tooth obtuse at tip, nodular, distinctly isolated from external orbital angle; posterior three teeth more or less nodular dorsally, obtusely angulated at tip, isolated from carapace dorsal regions by submarginal furrow, being arranged almost longitudinally. Posterolateral margin (Fig. 3 B) nearly straight, with posterior dorsal surface shallowly concave. Third maxilliped (Fig. 4 A) smooth, wide, with breadth of exopod about half of ischium; merus weakly angulated at antero-external angle. Both chelipeds (Fig. 3 A – D) equal in size and shape, comparatively short; merus short, small, almost disguised under carapace; carpus prominent, with several obtuse tubercles, but carpus margin not developed outward; inner angle not formed. Palm (Fig. 3 D) with three large, obtuse nodules on upper surface, with small granules on outer lower surface; small granules roughly arranged in some longitudinal rows extending onto immovable finger; dark color of movable finger extended onto more than half of outer surface of palm, except for base of movable finger; both fingers obtusely toothed throughout lengths on cutting edges, leaving no space between them. Ambulatory legs (Figs. 3 A – B, 4 B) short, stout, meri of second and third pairs in situ attaining just at level of last tooth of carapace anterolateral margin; anterior margins of meri and carpi narrowly ridged throughout lengths, regularly serrated with minute sharp granules; anterior margins of propodi and dactyli not distinctly ridged, but similarly serrated; carpi and propodi weakly inflated dorsally, dorsal surface roughly sculptured with longitudinal furrows and depressions; dorsal surfaces of carpus and propodus of first pair with longitudinal thick ridges and nodules. Pleon (Fig. 4 C) seven-segmented, not markedly narrow, with a longitudinal shallow furrow along each lateral margin; surfaces weakly roughened, but not granulated; third to fifth somites fused, with traces of sutures. G 1 (Fig. 4 D) curved at subdistal part, with a bundle of several long hairs, similar to those of most of actaeinae relatives. Notes on paratype male. The paratype (cb 4.9 mm) (Fig. 3 E – F) is smaller than the holotype (cb 7.3 mm), and the right cheliped is missing. However, the outline of the carapace, the sculpture of the carapace dorsal surface, the development of the frontal margin, four anterolateral teeth of the carapace, and the pleon are close to those of the holotype. The tubercles of the carpus and palm of the left cheliped are similar to those of the holotype, but not so prominent as in the holotype. The pterygostomial regions and thoracic sternum are provided with longish club-shaped hairs. The G 1 is not so strongly curved at the subterminal part probably due to the smaller size of the specimen, though it seems to be fully developed. Remarks. The new species is most characteristic in the subfamily Actaeinae in having each protogastric region (2 M) subdivided into four; this character is only known in Paractaeopsis quadriareolatus (Takeda and Miyake, 1968), the type species of the genus Paractaeopsis established by Serène (1984) together with Actaea tumulosa Odhner, 1925. In P. quadriareolatus, the carapace seems to be narrowly elliptical in outline, with the regularly convex anterolateral margins, the carapace dorsal surface is strongly convex in both directions, and all of the regions including the subdivided 2 M are distinctly nodular, as seen in the photographs (Takeda and Miyake, 1968 a, pl. 8 fig. A; Peyrot-Clausade and Serène, 1976, pl. 3 fig. B; Serène, 1984, pl. 17 fig. E). The carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs of the new species are generally similar to Actaeodes consobrinus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), which is somewhat doubtful in its affiliation to the genus Actaeodes, but in addition to the difference in the contour of the carapace and the shape of 2 M mentioned above, the other differences between A. consobrinus and new species are remarked in the following lines (cf. Fig. 1 F for A. consobrinus, and Fig. 3 for the new species). 1) In the new species, the carapace anterolateral margin is strongly developed, but not regularly convex, and longer than the posterolateral margin, with its posterior two-thirds from the first to fourth teeth being almost longitudinal as a whole. 2) In the new species, the carapace posterolateral margin is nearly straight, but weakly concave dorsally, and shorter than the anterolateral margin. 3) In the new species, the inner half of each frontal lobe is developed and strongly convex forward in dorsal view. 4) In the new species, the first anterolateral lobe is similar to the following three teeth, with its anterior margin deeply isolated from the external orbital angle. In A. consobrinus, the first lobe is almost obsolete, and the carapace anterolateral margin is weakly directed toward the infraorbital margin. 5) The color in life is distinctly different from each other (Fig. 3 A, E in the new species vs. Fig. 1 F in A. consobrinus). It may be remarkable that in both of the color photographs of the holotype and paratype of the new species (Fig. 3 A, E), each 2 M is seen to be longitudinally subdivided into two, not four, but in the same specimens preserved in 70 % ethyl alcohol, the 2 M is shown to be clearly subdivided into four, not two. This difference may be the results of lighting to take the photographs of the fresh specimens in water. The carapace contour of the new species, with strongly arched and long anterolateral margin armed with four teeth, is somewhat similar to some Euxanthus species such as E. herdmani Laurie, 1906 (Laurie, 1906, pl. 1 fig. 9; Serène, 1984, pl. 11 fig. A; Mendoza and Ng, 2010, fig. 1 D; Maenosono, 2021 c, figs. 1 D, 2 C) and Euxanthus sp. (Iwasa-Arai et al., 2015, figs. 1 C, 2 A), but the small size, the chelipeds without outward projection of the carpus, the short and stout ambulatory legs and the G 1 having a tuft of subterminal long hairs show the systematic position in the subfamily Actaeinae rather than the Euxanthinae. Takeda and Kurata (1977 a) recorded Actaeodes quadriareolata from the vicinity of new volcanic island, Nishino-shima-shinto, based on the anterior half of the carapace, both chelipeds and two ambulatory legs found in stomach of the slender emperor [Jn: Hoso-fuefuki], Lethrinus variegatus Valenciennes, and also Takeda and Kurata (1977 b) recorded Paractaea quadriareolata from Minami-fukurozawa, Chichi-jima Island, with the carapace found in stomach of the striped large-eye bream [Jn: Nokogiridai], Gnathodentex aureolineatus (Lacèpedé). However, unfortunately, it is impossible, at present, to confirm the identification with Paractaeopsis quadriareolatus, as the voucher specimens obtained from stomach contents of fishes were not kept in the laboratory.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14A253D2B12724FFD8BFD35.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 E)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14A253D2B12724FFD8BFD35.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Nishi-jima I., 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 32150; cb 17.3 × cl 16.5 mm), 29 - VI- 1976, M. Takeda leg. Remarks. The present specimen (Fig. 1 E) identified with Cymo quadrilobatus seems to be distinct from the typical specimens having the subcircular carapace contour appeared in some papers (e. g., Serène, 1984, pl., 2 figs. E – F; Mendoza et al., 2014, fig. 2 B; Poupin et al., 2018, fig. 14 B), having the narrower, barrel-shaped carapace. However, considering the photographs given by Brösing et al. (2014, fig. 11), the carapaces of the young and female specimens are apparently narrower than the subcircular carapaces of the adult males, with morphological variation according to the developmental stages and sexes. This species is the most characteristic among five congeneric species, but one of them, C. tuberculatus Ortmann, 1893, was poorly known only with the records by Ortmann (1893) and Serène (1984). The original description based on a male from the Maldive Archipelago is short and almost applicable also to C. andreossyi (Audouin, 1826) mentioned for comparison. Alcock (1898) mentioned, without specimens, that it may perhaps be identical with C. quadrilobatus. Only the reliable literature may be Serène (1984), in which each frontal lobe is marginally concave and gives the front a quadrilobed aspect in C. quadrilobatus, and the frontal lobes are almost straight and gives the front a bilobed aspect in C. tuberculatus. This character may be also exposed to variations similar to the carapace proportion, but in this female each frontal lobe is armed with a tubercle at each end and supplemented with a small tubercle in the middle. The G 1 of C. tuberculatus illustrated by Serène (1984, fig. 10) has no distal beak and quite different from the figures of C. quadrilobatus illustrated by Guinot (1958) and reproduced by Serène (1984), in which the curved beak is strongly developed. In the G 1 figure of C. tuberculatus illustrated by Serène (1984, fig. 10), the distal part is concealed and rather obscure with hairs and seems to be somewhat damaged, so that the reconfirmation is necessary whether the distal beak is normal and figured accurately or not. In the present specimen preserved so long in ethyl alcohol, four spots on the mesogastric, cardiac and each posterior branchial region are still remained as pale brick red (Fig. 1 E). Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean to the South and West Pacific. In Japanese waters, it is found in the Ryukyu Islands as associates of scleractinian corals. It is noted that Takeda and Komatsu (2023) so carelessly overlooked the record of this species from Futami Bay, Chichi-jima Island, by Marumura and Kosaka (2003).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14A253D2B12724FFD8BFD35.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 20 – 25 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31670; cb 23.4 × cl 17.7 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. Guinot (1976) accommodated three species and one subspecies, Cancer (Aegle) rüppellii Krauss, 1843, Actaea alphonsi Nobili, 1905, A. ruppelli orientralis Odhner, 1925, and A. superciliaris Odhner, 1925, to the new genus Gaillardiellus. In the paper, G. alphonsi and G. superciliaris were dealt as distinct two species, but suggested to be possibly synonymous with each other. Serène (1984) and Maenosono (2021 a) followed Guinot (1976) and treated G. superciliaris as synonymous with G. alphonsi. Among all the known Gaillaridiellus species including G. bathus Davie, 1997, later described, the carapace anterolateral teeth and the external orbital tooth are united to be four in G. alphonsi and G. superciliaris instead of five in other species. In these two species, the other features seem to be mostly common following the literature concerned, and therefore the synonymization is reasonable. The present specimen is characteristic in having the carapace, chelipeds and ambulatory legs heavily covered with longish stiff hairs, most of which arise as tufts of some hairs around the granules (Figs. 1 D, 6 C). The carapace anterolateral margin is divided into five teeth including the external orbital tooth, all of which are formed with clusters of several pearly granules (Fig. 6 D). Marumura and Takeda (2015) recorded the specimens from off Pacific coast of Honshu and the northern Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and the Seychelles in the western Indian Ocean, with the photographs of the male specimen in dorsal and ventral views. The present specimen agrees well with these photographs. Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, from the western Indian Ocean to the Tuamotu Islands, the Micronesian islands, Hawaii and the Ryukyu Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The known locality in Japanese waters is Iheya Island, north of Okinawa-jima Island in the Ryukyu Islands (Maenosono, 2021 a).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14C253D28DF7189FB26FDEA.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 D)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14C253D28DF7189FB26FDEA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Miyanohama, Chichi-jima I., 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31671; cb 5.2 × cl 3.6 mm), 12 - VII- 2009, H. Komatsu leg.; Futami Bay, Chichi-jima I., on rope at fishing port, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31672; cb 5.0 × cl 3.6 mm), 17 - XI- 2009, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This small species was finely figured by the original author (Balss, 1934, fig. 2, as Pilodius), Forest and Guinot (1961, fig. 85, as Pilodius), Takeda and Miyake (1968 b, pl. 1 fig. E, as Pilodius), Ward (1935, pl. 1 fig. 6, as Chlorodopsis natalensis sp. nov.), and Serène (1984, fig. 175, pl. 37 fig. B). Serène (1971 a) transferred this species from the originally referred genus Pilodius to the genus Liocarpilodes Klunzinger, 1913, and Serène (1984) prepared the key for five known species including this species. The carapace dorsal surface (Fig. 5 D) is rather flattened and sparsely hairy, with the four lobed anterolateral margin, and each ambulatory dactylus is biunguiculate, with the supplementary upper horny claw. Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific; Aldabra and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, New Caledonia and Moorea in the South Pacific, and Indonesia, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands in the West Pacific (cf. Takeda and Nunomura, 1976; Serène, 1984; Hsueh et al., 2009). Takeda and Miyake (1968 b) mentioned that this species is common in the coral reefs of the Ryukyu Islands. New to the Ogasawara Islands.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14C253F2AE771C2FD9EFAE0.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 C)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14C253F2AE771C2FD9EFAE0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Nishi-jima I., 4 ♀♀ (cb 5.1 × cl 3.6 mm — cb 5.8 × cl 4.2 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 5.3 × cl 4.2 mm), NSMTCr 31673, 29 - VI- 1976, M. Takeda leg.; Miyanohama, Chichi-jima I., 2 ♂♂ (cb 3.5 × cl 2.8 mm; cb 3.5 × cl 2.7 mm), 1 ovig. ♀ (cb 3.7 × cl 3.3 mm), NSMT-Cr 6520, 26 - VI — 8 - VII- 1976, M. Takeda leg.; Kominato (27 ° 03 ′ 41 ″ N, 142 ° 11 ′ 18 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 11 m, 5 ♂♂ (cb 2.6 × cl 2.0 mm — cb 3.6 × cl 2.8 mm), 2 ♀♀ (cb 2.6 × cl 1.9 mm; cb 2.8 × 2.1 mm), NSMT-Cr 31674, 10 - XI- 2013, H. Komatsu leg.; North of Nishi-jima I. (27 ° 07 ′ 14 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 15 ″ E), 6 – 15 m, 2 ♂♂ (cb 2.8 × 2.4 mm; cb 3.0 × cl 2.4 mm), 2 ♀♀ (cb 3.2 × cl 2.5 mm; cb 3.4 × cl 2.7 mm), NSMT-Cr 31675, 29 - IV- 2014, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Dobu-iso (27 ° 05 ′ 24 ″ N, 142 ° 15 ′ 08 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 6 – 20 m, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31676; cb 3.8 × cl 3.2 mm), 2 ♂♂ (cb 2.7 × cl 2.1 mm; cb 3.0 × cl 2.6 mm), 1 ♀ (cb 3.4 × cl 2.7 mm), 3 ovig. ♀♀ (cb 2.9 × cl 2.3 mm — cb 3.6 × cl 2.9 mm), NSMT-Cr 31677, 1 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Mansakuno-hana (27 ° 06 ′ 32 ″ N, 142 ° 13 ′ 54 ″ E), Ani-jima I., 12 – 24 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31678; cb 3.3 × cl 2.5 mm), 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31679; cb 3.5 × cl 2.9 mm), 2 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. In spite of its small size, this species has been recorded many times, with figures, in the papers concerning the coral reefs. The carapace dorsal surface (Fig. 1 C) is ill-defined, and the anterolateral margin is regularly convex without indentation, differing from the close relative, L. harmsi (Balss, 1934), in which each carapace anterolateral margin is divided into four lobes (Fig. 4 D). Guinot (1964: fig. 36) finely represented the G 1 with some long hairs at the terminal part, and the same figure was reproduced by Serène (1984, fig. 174). Fine figures were given by Dana (1855, as Actaeodes?), Rathbun (1907, as Actumnus), Klunzinger (1913), Edmondson (1962) and Takeda (1972). Pseudozius coralliophilus Borradaile, 1902, and Chlorodiella asper Edmondson, 1925, are known to be synonymous with this species. Distribution. Whole Indo-West Pacific waters, from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean to the Tuamotu Islands, the Hawaiian Islands and Japan in the Pacific Ocean. In the Ogasawara Islands, this species is previously recorded from Kita Harbor, Haha-jima I. (cf. Takeda and Komatsu, 2023, in list).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14E252028B876C7FEEDFC40.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 E – F)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14E252028B876C7FEEDFC40.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Diving site Mansakuno-hana (26 ° 06 ′ 32 ″ N, 142 ° 13 ′ 54 ″ E), Ani-jima I., 2.3 – 10 m, 1 carapace, partly damaged (NSMT-Cr 31680; cb ca. 9.5 × cl ca. 5.9 mm), 2 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Shihon-iwa North (26 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 37 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 juv., photograph only, 2 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♂ (cb 18.2 × cl 10.8 mm), NSMT-Cr 31681, 3 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Uentro (26 ° 39 ′ 28 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 35 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 14 – 20 m, 1 juv. (cb 8.9 × cl 5.4 mm), NSMT-Cr 31682, 12 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. As briefly noted by Serène (1984), the carapace shape and areolation of this species are generally similar to those of L. pediger (Alcock, 1898) and L. virgata (Rathbun, 1906), but the areolae 2 L and 3 L are united to be one in this species, partially divided into two in L. virgata, and entirely separated into two in P. pediger. On three specimens examined, the male specimen is represented in Fig. 2 E, with the typical carapace areolation, especially 2 L and 3 L, and with acute, posterior two anterolateral teeth. Three of four specimens examined are uniform reddish brick red similar to the juvenile female from Léunion Island (Poupin et al., 2022, fig. 9 B), having no whitish color along the carapace interregional furrows illustrated by Sakai (1976). Rathbun (1906) explained the color of Carpilodes coccineus sp. nov. from the Hawaiian Islands, which is synonymous with this species, as “ Deep dull crimson lake all over except the fingers. ” However, the interregional furrows in the monochrome photograph (Rathbun, 1906, pl. 8 fig. 4) seem to be of similar image with the color illustration by Sakai (1976, pl. 140 fig. 2).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14E252028B876C7FEEDFC40.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and east Africa in the Indian Ocean to French Polynesia, Hawaii and Japan in the Pacific Ocean. Paractaea retusa (Nobili, 1906) [New Jn: Marumi-kebuka-awatsubu-modoki] (Figs. 5 E, 6 A – B)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA14E252028B876C7FEEDFC40.taxon	description	Serène, 1984, pp. 121 (in key), 122 (in key), 125, fig. 73, pl. 17 figs. A – C. Paractaea retusa: Poupin et al., 2018, p. 60, fig. 16 L. Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Futami Bay, Chichi-jima I., on buoy, 1 ovig. ♀ (NSMT-Cr 6877; cb 17.0 × cl 10.7 mm), date unknown, Y. Kurata leg. Remarks. The ovigerous female at hand (Fig. 5 E) is characteristic in having the transversely oval carapace, the dorsal surface of which is distinctly divided into regions by wide and deep furrows; all of the interregional furrows are filled with longish, messy hairs; all the regions are thickly covered with pearly granules and clearly standing out in sharp relief from the carapace surface (Figs. 5 E, 6 A – B). The mesogastric region (3 M) is divided into three; the median anterior extension is narrow and exceeding the distal end of the inner subdivision of the protograstic region (2 M), but its distal part is disguised by the interregional hairs; posterior two subdivisions of 3 M are side by side, elongated laterally, each with transverse, straight anterior margin. The supraorbital margin is prominently raised and covered with pearly granules like the carapace dorsal regions, being divided into three, the curved inner, nodular median and external orbital parts; the external orbital part (D) (Fig. 6 A) is close to the first anterolateral tooth (E) of the carapace, leaving a shallow depression; 1 L + 2 L is elongated, weakly curved towards E, distinctly divided from E and 3 L; 4 L is narrowly separated from S and widely from 3 L; 5 L is narrow, weakly oblique in position towards its outer end, without incision at the anterior margin; 1 R is separated from S, and the posterior parts of 1 – 3 R are united with each other on the carapace posterolateral surface, but there are a wide and deep depression between 1 R and 2 R, and a deep V-shaped notch between 2 R and 3 R. The cheliped carpus (Fig. 6 B) is sculpted with two deep, transverse furrows on the median surface and a longitudinal furrow along the upper margin, and also with a furrow separating imperfectly the areolae at the basal part of the upper surface; the palm is distinctly nodular with some clusters of pearly granules on the upper part, but the lower part is covered with much smaller, depressed cluster of granules interspaced with short setae. The ambulatory legs are short, stout and densely covered with pearly granules; each carpus is provided with a deep longitudinal furrow on the upper anterior surface and a short, deep furrow angled to the longitudinal furrow at the median part; two parts formed on the anterior margin are thickened, and the distal one overhangs the anterior margin of the propodus. This species is similar to Paractaea plumosa (Guinot, in Sakai, 1976), stat. nov., in having longish hairs in the carapace interregional furrows. However, the details of the carapace regions are close to those of P. retusa (Nobili, 1906), especially in the shape of 5 L. Among many formas distinguished by Guinot (1969) and Serène (1984), most of which are, as Ng et al. (2008) mentioned, cannot be accepted nomenclaturally, but it is noted that the presence or absence of a notch at the anterior margin of 5 L is an important criterion in addition to the main carapace regions. In P. plumosa, there is a distinct notch at the anterior margin of 5 L (Guinot, 1969, fig. 21, as P. rufopunctata forme plumosa), Serène (1984, pl. 16 fig. C, as P. rufopunctata f. plumosa), Sakai (1976, fig. 240 b, pl. 159 fig. 1, as P. rufopunctata plumosa), and Iwasa-Arai et al. (2015, fig. 1 B, as P. rufopunctata plumosa). As regards P. retusa, the present specimen agrees well with the “ plumeux ” type represented by Serène (1984, pl. 17 fig. C, as P. retusa retusa). Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean to the southern Pacific Ocean, and then northwards to the Ogasawara Islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean recorded in this paper.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1512523289B7767FB14FDCD.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 F)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1512523289B7767FB14FDCD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Miyanohama, Chichi-jima I., 1 ovig. ♀ (NSMT-Cr 6551; cb 28.2 × cl 19.2 mm), 1 - VII- 1976, M. Takeda leg. Remarks. Guinot (1969) established a new genus Paractaea with the type species, Xantho rufopunctatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834, and Actaea retusa Nobili, 1906, A. garretti Rathbun, 1906, A. sulcata Stimpson, 1860, and A. nodosa Stimpson, 1860, and described four new species, P. excentrica from the Tuamotu Islands, P. secundarathbunae from Hawaii, P. monodi from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and P. rebierei from Mauritius. In the paper, Paractaea rufopunctata was treated as a nominate subspecies, and seven formas were distinguished in P. rufopunctata, viz. illusoria nov., plumosa nov., primarathbunae nov., tertiarathbunae nov., intermedia nov., africana nov. and nodosa (Stimpson, 1860). Later, Serène (1984) also established three additional formas, viz. frontalis nov., waltersi nov. and sanctaeluciae nov. Most of these names established as infrasubspecific taxa are, as mentioned by Ng et al. (2008), invalid nomenclaturally. Of them, only plumosa was validated by Sakai (1976) at the subspecies rank as P. rufopunctata plumosa. The specimen at hand (Fig. 5 F) is typical in the general carapace shape and sculpture as the Paractaea species. The carapace is transverse and convex, with the dorsal surface deeply sculptured into areolae. The following carapace areolation is characteristic for P. rufopunctata: 2 M is distinctly subdivided into two, the outer lobule of which is apparently longer than the inner lobule and reaches posteriorly to the anterolateral corner of 3 M; the anterior extension of 3 M is short and narrow, attaining the half of the inner lobule of 2 M; the main part of 3 M is prominent and imperfectly subdivided into two by a longitudinal furrow behind the anterior extension of 3 M; the anterolateral corner of 3 M is obtusely angulated; 1 P is heart-shaped; 5 L is notched at the median part of the anterior margin. Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and South Africa, western Indian Ocean, to French Polynesia, Hawaii and Japan in the South, Central and West Pacific.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA1512523289B7767FB14FDCD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Diving site Dobu-iso (27 ° 05 ′ 24 ″ N, 142 ° 15 ′ 08 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 6 – 20 m, 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31683; cb 18.3 × cl 12.3 mm), 1 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Shihon-iwa North (26 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 37 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31684; cb 12.3 × cl 8.0 mm), 2 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Shihon-iwa South (26 ° 38 ′ 49 ″ N, 142 ° 08 ′ 36 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 1 ♂ (cb 9.0 × cl 5.8 mm), 2 juvs (cb 3.5 × cl 3.1 mm; cb 4.2 × cl 3.3 mm), NSMT-Cr 31685, 3 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Same place, 1 ♀, shell after ecdysis (NSMT-Cr 31686; cb 11.5 × cl 7.5 mm), 6 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Sasao-ne (26 ° 35 ′ 07 ″ N, 142 ° 09 ′ 45 ″ E), Hira-shima I., 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31687; cb 16.1 × cl 10.8 mm), 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31688; cb 19.5 × cl 13.5 mm), 3 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg.; West coast of Mei-jima I. (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 13 ′ 40 ″ E), 10 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31689; cb 4.3 × cl 3.3 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Blue ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 15 - 17 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31690; cb 5.3 × cl 3.6 mm), 11 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Uentoro (26 ° 39 ′ 28 ″ N, 142 ° 10 ′ 35 ″ E), Haha-jima I., 14 – 20 m, 4 juvs (cb 4.2 × cl 3.2 mm — cb 5.7 × cl 4.2 mm), NSMT-Cr 31691, 12 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Blue ribbon, Imotro-jima I., 12 - 14 m, 1 juv. (NSMTCr 31692; cb 6.6 × cl 4.5 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg.; Diving site Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 20 - 25 m, 1 juv. (NSMT-Cr 31693; cb 4.2 × cl 3.4 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This species is characteristic in 1) the carapace covered with many short setae and small pearly granules (Figs. 2 C, 5 H), 2) the shallow interregional furrows, with the imperfectly subdivided 2 M, and the undivided 1 – 3 L (Fig. 5 H), and 3) the heavy chelipeds (Fig. 2 D). Distribution. Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and western Pacific Ocean (cf. Odhner, 1925).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15225222AF17112FBE4F9B0.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 A)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15225222AF17112FBE4F9B0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Diving site Dobu-iso (27 ° 05 ′ 24 ″ N, 142 ° 15 ′ 08 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 6 – 20 m, 1 young ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31694; cb 6.9 × cl 5.1 mm), 1 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Blue ribbon (26 ° 34 ′ 03 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 48 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 12 – 14 m, 1 young ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31695; cb 10.4 × cl 7.1 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komastsu leg. Remarks. This species was described and recorded as Actaea lata by Borradaile (1902), Odhner (1925), Sakai (1939), Guinot (1962) and Deb (1989), and is known as Pseudoliomera lata by Sakai (1976), Serène (1984) and Maenosono (2018) after the suggestion of its close affinity to Pseudoliomera by Guinot (1967; 1969). The male at hand is safely identified as this species due to having the carapace dorsal surface with distinctly isolated regions covered with pearly granules of good size and blackish setae. This specimen is uniformly dark brick red (Fig. 2 A), differing from the photographs given by Maenosono (2018, fig. 1 C – D), in which the carapace seems to be grayish and symmetrically mottled with brick red in both of the male and female specimens. Distribution. Pseudoliomera lata has already been recorded from the Ogasawara Islands by Odhner (1925), and also the right cheliped obtained from stomach contents of slender emperor, Lethrinus variegatus Valenciennes, from the Ogasawara Islands was identified as that of P. lata by Takeda and Kurata (1977 b). The type locality is Fadifolu Atoll in the Maldive Islands, with geographical distribution from Sri Lanka eastwards to the Tuamotu Islands and northward to the Mariana Islands and central Japan (cf. Holthuis, 1953; Guinot, 1962; Deb, 1989; Maenosono, 2018).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15225222AF17112FBE4F9B0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Futami Bay, Chichi-jima I., on buoy, 1 ♂ (cb 9.7 × cl 7.0 mm), 1 ♀ (cb 8.7 × cl 6.2 mm), NSMT-Cr 6878, 17 - V- 1975, Y. Kurata leg. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Hirane (26 ° 34 ′ 08 ″ N, 142 ° 12 ′ 49 ″ E), Imoto-jima I., 20 – 25 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31696; cb 7.0 × cl 4.8 mm), 14 - VII- 2016, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This species originally described as Actaea is insufficiently known as yet, and was omitted from the monograph by Serène (1984), in which Dr. A. Crosnier recorded the brief comment that Takeda and Miyake (1976) considered the species as valid. Ward (1941) described Actaea paraspeciosa which was considered to be close to, but distinct from A. speciosa Dana, 1851. Later, Guinot (1969) mentioned on the assumption that Actaea paraspeciosa is valid, and both species belong to the same genus, and that should be transferred to the genus Pseudoliomera Odhner, 1925. The present specimens identified as Pseudoliomera paraspeciosa are quite distinct from P. speciosa not only in the color in life, but also in the carapace dorsal areolation. In this species (Figs. 2 H, 5 A), the carapace dorsal surface is rather obscurely divided into regions by wide and shallow furrows, and covered with long hairs except for marginal regions, but in P. speciosa (Fig. 2 B), the carapace is devoid of long hairs and the interregional furrows are narrow and sharply divide the regions. Otherwise, the dense setae surrounding the horny tip of the first ambulatory dactylus are unique to the two species in question, but the details are somewhat different in the two species. In P. speciosa, the setae at the distal part of the dactylus are cylindrically surrounding the horny tip, as finely illustrated by Guinot (1969, fig. 12), but in P. paraspeciosa, as seen in Fig. 5 C, the bundle of setae appears to be rather depressed and flattened, not the form of round brush in P. speciosa. Ward (1941) described this species as Actaea paraspeciosa based on five males and nine females from Mindanao, the Philippines, that were collected from the branches of living Acropora corals, sharing habitat with the Trapezia and Cymo crab species. Ooishi (1970) recorded this species from Hatsune-ura, Chichi-jima Island, with a photograph (pl. 14 fig. 6), and this record was adopted by Takeda and Komatsu (2023) in the checklist of the crabs from the Ogasawara Islands. However, at present, it is noted on close observation of the photograph given by Ooishi (1970), it should be referred to P. speciosa, not to P. paraspeciosa. Distribution. Hitherto known only from the type locality, Mindanao, the Philippines.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15325252AF47514FC81F9DD.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 B)	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15325252AF47514FC81F9DD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Chichi-jima Is. — Diving site Dobu-iso (27 ° 05 ′ 24 ″ N, 142 ° 15 ′ 08 ″ E), Chichi-jima I., 6 – 20 m, 1 ♂ (NSMT-Cr 31697; cb 7.2 × cl 5.5 mm), 1 - VII- 2014, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. This species originally described as Actaeodes speciosus and then long known as Actaea speciosa, was finally transferred to the genus Pseudoliomera by Guinot (1969). The fine figures were given by Sakai (1939, pl. 93 fig. 3, as Actaea; 1976, pl. 160 fig. 2), Edmondson (1962, fig. 13 a), Serène (1984, pl. 13 fig. F), and Nagai and Nomura (1988, 1 unnumbered fig.), and the photograph in the field was presented by Kawamoto and Okuno (2003, 1 unnumbered fig.). The carapace dorsal surface (Fig. 2 B) is distinctly separated into regions covered with pearly granules of good size, with the interregional furrows filled with thick short, dark-colored setae. The most remarkable character is the presence of setae surrounding the horny claw of the first ambulatory dactylus. It was first noticed and figured by Borradaile (1902), and later finely illustrated by Guinot (1969, fig, 12). Distribution. Widely distributed in the whole Indo-West Pacific from the Red Sea and South Africa to the southern Pacific islands, Hawaii and Japan. Previously recorded from the Ogasawara Islands by Yoshiwara (1901).	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
BA1287DBA15325252AF47514FC81F9DD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Haha-jima Is. — Diving site Maguro-ana (26 ° 36 ′ 37 ″ N, 142 ° 07 ′ 46 ″ E), Mukou-jima I., 1 ♀ (NSMT-Cr 31698; cb 7.6 × cl 5.7 mm), 5 - VII- 2015, H. Komatsu leg. Remarks. The female specimen examined is generally close to Pseudoliomera hellerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1865) in the carapace shape, dorsal areolation and setation, but the almost subdivided 2 M and the stiff brackish setae are characteristic for P. variolosa (Borradaile, 1902) (Fig. 5 G). In another close relative, P. lata (Borradaile, 1902), the carapace dorsal surface is separated into the convex regions by deep furrows and covered with longer, stiff brackish setae (Fig. 2 A). Distribution. Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, from the western Indian Ocean to Hawaii and Japan. New to the Ogasawara Islands.	en	Tune, K Noelle, Zachrison, Kori S, Pines, Jesse M, Zheng, Hui, Hayden, Emily M (2024): A New and Some Rare Crabs of the Families Trapeziidae, Oziidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (3): 97-122, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.3_97, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.12.003
