taxonID	type	description	language	source
A96C7855A116FFBEFF2DE6D42B27FC38.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 8) Description. Male holotype. Integument mostly dark brown, more dark reddish brown on some areas, especially depending on light intensity; postclypeus dark brown close to frons, reddish brown with yellowish-brown margins close to anteclypeus; anteclypeus orangish; labrum orangish brown; pedicel dark reddish brown; antennomeres III – X orangish brown, slightly darker basally and apically; antennomere XI orangish brown basally, orangish on remaining surface. Elytra gradually lighter toward apex. Trochanters and base of femora, apex of dorsal surface of mesofemora, and entire dorsal surface of metafemora reddish brown. Pro- and mesotibia reddish brown, browner depending on light intensity; metatibiae dark reddish brown basally, light orangish brown on remaining surface. Tarsomeres reddish brown, more orangish brown depending on light intensity, except dark brown apex of I – II and V. Abdomen mostly brown, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity. Head. Frons coarsely rugose-punctate; longitudinally carinate close to eye; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence close to eyes; central area with tufts of yellowish-brown pubescence and sparse dark yellowish-brown pubescence between them; with a few moderately long, erect brown setae interspersed laterally; median groove distinct from superior half of frons. Vertex slightly transversely rugose, with fine punctures interspersed, except sides of area close to prothorax obliquely, more strongly rugose; with narrow yellowish-brown pubescent band close to antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes, almost glabrous on remaining surface; with a few long, decumbent dark-brown setae near prothorax and a few short, erect dark-brown setae anteriorly. Area behind upper eye lobes longitudinally striate punctate; with irregular areas with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye, glabrous on remaining surface. Area behind lower eye lobes slightly rugose, with sparse, fine punctures interspersed; with narrow yellowish-brown pubescent band close to eye and moderately sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, pubescence denser toward inferior region. Genae 1.75 times longer than lower eye lobe in frontal view; rugose-punctate, except smooth apex; with wide, oblique abundant yellowish-brown pubescent band laterally, abundant yellowish-brown pubescence superiorly close to frons, and sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, except glabrous smooth area. Gulamentum slightly transversely striate, with a few fine punctures interspersed; almost glabrous. Antennal tubercles elevated, more elevated frontolaterally, somewhat flattened, smooth, glabrous on apex of dorsal surface; rugose-punctate on remaining surface; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence sparser, whitish toward sides, and tuft of long, erect dark-brown setae frontally close to smooth area. Dark wide central area of postclypeus with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally and centrally, both with whitish pubescence interspersed and not reaching reddish-brown anterior area, and sparse yellowish pubescence on remaining surface, except glabrous region close to reddish-brown anterior area; reddish-brown area with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous area close to labrum, and tuft of long, erect yellowish-brown setae laterally; with transverse carina between dark-brown and reddish-brown areas. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus on posterior 3 / 4, inclined on anterior third; posterior 2 / 3 with sparse yellowish-white pubescence, and area close to inclined area with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence and long, erect, thick dark-brown setae interspersed; anterior quarter with dense yellowish-brown pubescence apically, pubescence sparser on remaining surface. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.39 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.65 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 3.0 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere VI. Scape coarsely rugose-punctate; outer surface with irregular, moderately deep, longitudinal sulcus not reaching base and apex; dorsal and lateral surfaces with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence and sparse, erect, both short and long dark-brown setae interspersed; ventral surface with abundant, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence and long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed, dark setae forming tuft near apex. Pedicel with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence sparser dorsally; with long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed, setae longer and more abundant ventrally. Antennomere III not distinctly tumid; with somewhat sparse whitish pubescence, denser ventrally, and abundant, long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed ventrally, setae gradually denser toward apex. Antennomeres IV – XI with sparse whitish pubescence, slightly denser ventrally; IV – X with moderately long, bristly dark-brown setae on entire apex, distinctly more abundant on apical half of IV; IV – V with sparse, long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed ventrally. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.86; pedicel = 0.14; IV = 0.86; V = 0.72; VI = 0.76; VII = 0.72; VIII = 0.69; IX = 0.67; X = 0.93; XI = 1.58. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides slightly divergent from anterolateral angles to lateral tubercles, parallel-sided toward posterolateral angles; lateral tubercles rounded, slightly projected, located about posterior third, anterior margin slightly emarginate centrally. Pronotum coarsely, transversely rugose-punctate on anterior 3 / 4, somewhat sparsely, minutely punctate on posterior quarter; transversely depressed before middle; with transverse, moderately wide and deep sulcus close to posterior quarter, laterally following obliquely toward anterior region of lateral tubercles of prothorax, and transverse, not deep sulcus near posterior margin; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence laterally on anterior third and surrounding lateral tubercles of prothorax, moderately abundant yellowish-brown pubescence on center of wide transverse posterior sulcus and part of anterocentral third, abundant whitish pubescence on sides of posterior quarter, and very sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae laterally close to lateral tubercles of prothorax. Sides of prothorax transversely rugose, except posterior quarter, which is subsmooth with small tubercles superiorly; with yellowish-brown pubescence, denser on some, areas sparser on others. Prosternum transversely, finely striate on wide central area, slightly finely rugose laterally; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence laterally and close to coxal cavities, and somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence on remaining surface. Prosternal process with dense, bristly light yellowish-brown pubescence laterally and centrally on anterior 4 / 5, and dense pale yellow pubescence on apical fifth; narrowest area 0.41 times procoxal width. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with abundant, long, bristly yellowish-white pubescence centrally, and yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, denser on some areas, sparse or almost absent on others. Mesoventral process partially transversely striate; sides and apex slightly concave; narrowest area 0.68 times mesocoxal width. Scutellum minutely punctate laterally and apically, smooth on remaining surface; glabrous, except dense pubescence along margins of anterior third and sparse, short yellowish-brown setae on apical margin. Elytra. With large, moderately elevated gibbosity dorsally on anterior quarter; with somewhat abundant small tubercles dorsally on anterior quarter, including humerus; abundantly, coarsely punctate on remaining surface; with sparse maculae with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, large and more irregular basally close to scutellum; remaining surface with sparse, minute, dark yellowish-brown pubescence; posterior quarter with long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed, setae reaching posterior third on sides. Legs. Coxae with abundant whitish, pale-yellow, and yellowish-brown pubescence; procoxae not uncate. Trochanters with sparse whitish pubescence, except dense, bristly light yellowish-brown pubescence ventrally. Profemora abundantly, coarsely rugose, except on apex of dorsal and lateral surface; with both pale-yellow and yellowish-white pubescence, denser on some areas, sparser on others. Mesofemora very finely rugose and metafemora mostly smooth; pubescence as on profemora. Protibiae with very sparse yellowish-brown pubescence dorsally and on inner surface, somewhat abundant yellowish-brown pubescence on outer surface, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence ventrally. Mesotibiae with sparse yellowish pubescence dorsally on basal half, somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence on sides, dense, bristly yellowish pubescence ventrally, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown setae dorsally on apical half, setae partially thicker and dark-brown apically. Metatibiae with abundant yellowish-white pubescence dorsally and laterally, whiter depending on light intensity and source, distinctly sparser basally, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence ventrally. Tarsi with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, and long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed on I – III and apical third of V. Metatarsomere I slightly longer than II. Abdomen. Ventrites 1 with abundant whitish pubescence centrally, except yellow pubescence on entire apex, and somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence on part of sides, almost glabrous on remaining surface. Ventrites 2 – 4 with abundant whitish pubescence anterocentrally, abundant yellow pubescence on part of sides and entire apex, and almost glabrous on remaining surface. Ventrite 5 with dense yellow pubescence centrally and apically, and sparse yellowish-white pubescence on remaining surface; with sparse, long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed on apical third; apex truncate, slightly emarginated centrally. Note: The antennae of the holotype appear to be 12 - segmented, as the apex of antennomere XI is not acuminate and shows the insertion point of antennomere XII, indicating it is not apically broken (Figs 7 – 8). Dimensions in mm. Total length, 13.50; prothoracic length, 2.50; anterior prothoracic width, 3.40; posterior prothoracic width, 3.25; maximum prothoracic width, 3.85; humeral width, 5.10; elytral length, 9.10.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A116FFBEFF2DE6D42B27FC38.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Male holotype from MEXICO, Oaxaca: Sierra de Juárez, 800 m, VI. 2.1995, G. Nogueira leg. (TAMU, formerly DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A116FFBEFF2DE6D42B27FC38.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin, “ anomala ” (abnormal); alluding to the probable presence of a twelfth antennal segment in the species.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A116FFBEFF2DE6D42B27FC38.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Oncideres anomala sp. nov. is similar to O. truquii (Thomson, 1868) (see photographs on Bezark 2025 and in Nearns & Tavakilian 2015), but differs as follows: dorsal surface of antennal tubercles lacking projection toward upper eye lobe; antennomere III not distinctly tumid; dorsal surface of elytra with distinct gibbosity anteriorly; ventral surface of antennomere III without dense, erect dark-brown setae on entire surface; and ventral surface of antennomere IV with sparser dark-brown setae. In males of O. truquii, the antennal tubercles with distinct projection dorsally toward the upper eye lobe, antennomere III is distinctly tumid in males, ventral surface of the antennomere III with very dense, long, and erect dark-brown setae on entire ventral surface, ventral surface of the antennomere IV with dense and erect dark-brown setae, and the anterior region of the elytra lacks a dorsal gibbosity.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A113FFBDFF2DE7B02FDBFD34.taxon	description	(Figs 9 – 12) Description. Male holotype. Integument mostly dark brown; ventral mouthparts mostly brown, with apex of palpomeres light brown; anteclypeus and labrum light brown. Head. Frons densely, finely punctate, except smooth area close to median groove; with longitudinal carina close to upper eye lobes, reaching postclypeus; sides with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to longitudinal carina; remaining surface with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous area close to median groove. Vertex with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence slightly darker than on frons between upper eye lobes, except mostly glabrous central area between antennal tubercles. Area between antennal tubercles and lower eye lobes with short, erect dark-brown setae. Antennal tubercles abundantly, finely punctate, punctures finer than on frons; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except sparse pubescence on wide central region. Area behind eyes with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, except glabrous area close to prothorax behind lower eye lobe. Genae 0.35 times length of lower eye lobe in frontal view; somewhat rugose-punctate, except smooth apex; frontally with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous apex, laterally with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not partially obscuring integument, except glabrous subtriangular area close eye. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except sparse yellowish-brown pubescence on intermaxillary process. Wide central area of postclypeus with dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, darker and slightly sparser close to anteclypeus, glabrous centrally, except somewhat abundant yellowish-brown pubescence close to frons; with long, erect dark yellowish-brown setae interspersed laterally close to anteclypeus. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with sparse, decumbent yellowish-brown setae, dense fringe of yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin, and thick, erect dark-brown setae laterally about middle. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.30 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.54 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.2 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at basal third of antennomere VII. Scape, pedicel, and antennomere III with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence slightly sparser dorsally on scape; antennomeres IV – V with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on basal 2 / 3 and abundant dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument on apical third, except apex with yellowish pubescence; antennomeres VI – XI with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument on basal half and abundant dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument on apical half, except yellowish pubescence on apex; antennomere XI with abundant, both yellowish and brownish pubescence not obscuring integument; pedicel and antennomeres III – IX with a few long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed ventrally; scape lacking apical projection. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.03; pedicel = 0.14; IV = 0.88; V = 0.83; VI = 0.83; VII = 0.75; VIII = 0.75; IX = 0.73; X = 0.73; XI = 0.90. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides slightly widened and rounded from anterior constriction to lateral tubercles, subparallel-sided toward posterolateral angles; lateral tubercle small, conical, located just after middle. Pronotum with five smooth, glabrous gibbosities about middle, outermost ones slightly elevated; with transverse sulcus on posterior quarter, not reaching sides, and another reaching sides, located near posterior margin; sparsely, finely punctate, except smooth areas close to anterior and posterior margins; with dense orangish-brown pubescence laterally between anterior constriction and posterior quarter, and centrally surrounding anterior region of gibbosities; area close to anterior margin glabrous; central area behind gibbosities with moderately abundant orangish pubescence not obscuring integument, except yellowish-white pubescence close to central gibbosity; remaining anterior third and posterior quarter with abundant, both orangish and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence more abundant laterally and partially absent centrally on posterior quarter; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae near lateral tubercles of prothorax. Sides of prothorax with dense orangish-brown pubescence on posterior 2 / 3, except glabrous lateral tubercle, and abundant, both orangish and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on anterior third. Prosternum and prosternal process with abundant orangishyellow pubescence not obscuring integument; narrowest area of prosternal process 0.25 times procoxal width. Mesoventrite with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument anteriorly, pubescence slightly denser on center of this area, almost glabrous laterally. Mesanepisterna with a few bristly, both whitish and dark setae close to mesoventrite, and dense orangish-brown pubescence close to elytron; mesepimera with dense orangish-brown pubescence. Mesoventral process with abundant, both orangish and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; narrowest area 0.42 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisterna abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument. Metaventrite with dense pale-yellow pubescence laterally and abundant, both orangish and yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface. Scutellum with sparse orangish pubescence on anterior half and sides, glabrous on remaining surface. Elytra. Parallel-sided on anterior 2 / 3, gradually narrowed toward apex on posterior third; humeri tumid, smooth, glabrous; anterior third with abundant, somewhat large, elevated, glabrous tubercles with rounded apex; central third with abundant, very slightly elevated, glabrous tubercles; apical third with abundant, glabrous circular spots; remaining surface with dense orangish-brown pubescence, except whitish pubescence surrounding tubercles and glabrous spots, and mostly brownish pubescence close to suture. Legs. Coxae with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; procoxae not uncate. Trochanters with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, except dense, bristly pubescence ventrally. Femora with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, denser on some areas, sparser on others. Tibiae with moderately abundant, both yellowish and dark yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except dense, bristly dark yellowish-brown pubescence ventrally, especially on apical third, and dorsal sulcus on mesotibiae with dense, short, erect, both pale-yellow and yellowish-brown setae; with a few long, dark setae, erect and more abundant on protibiae. Tarsomeres with moderately abundant, both brown and yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument; metatarsomere I slightly longer than II. Abdomen. Ventrites 1 – 4 with abundant, both yellowish-brown and pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, pale-yellow pubescence more abundant centrally; ventrite 5 mostly with abundant pale-yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument, with long yellowish-brown setae directed backward on apical third; apex of ventrite 5 slightly concave. Dimensions in mm (male holotype / male paratype). Total length, 9.70 / 10.35; prothoracic length, 1.65 / 1.85; anterior prothoracic width, 2.20 / 2.30; posterior prothoracic width, 2.10 / 2.30; maximum prothoracic width, 2.40 / 2.55; humeral width, 3.20 / 3.50; elytral length, 6.75 / 7.20.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A113FFBDFF2DE7B02FDBFD34.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Male holotype from HONDURAS, Olancho: E. Dulce, “ nombre de Culmi, ” Finca las Brisas, 15.2947 ° N 85.3172 ° W, VIII. 16 – 17.2022, E. van den Berghe leg. (TAMU, formerly DHCO). Male paratype, same data as holotype (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A113FFBDFF2DE7B02FDBFD34.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named for the department of Olancho in Honduras, where the holotype was collected.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A113FFBDFF2DE7B02FDBFD34.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Oncideres olanchana sp. nov. is similar to O. aliciae Nearns & Tavakilian, 2015, but differs as follows: metanepisterna with dense pale-yellow pubescence; and general pubescence orangish-brown. In O. aliciae, the metanepisterna do not have dense pale-yellow pubescence contrasting to that of the remaining general pubescence color, and the general pubescence is ferrugineus. Further comparison between these two species is not possible, as the new species is known only from males and the latter from a single female. Even so, the color of the pubescence on the metanepisterna clearly distinguishes them. As this feature does not vary in any other species of the genus, it is reasonable to assume that no variation occurs in O. aliciae either. This new species is also very similar to O. manauara Martins & Galileo, 1995 (Figs 13 – 14), and it is almost impossible to separate them, except for the antennae distinctly shorter in males of O. olanchana, while they are much longer in males of O. manauara. This demonstrates the fragility of identifications based on photographs, especially when only one sex of the species involved is known. It differs from O. alicei Lane, 1977, O. bondari Melzer, 1923, O. cumdisci Noguera, 1993, O. modesta Dillon & Dillon, 1946, and O. poecila Bates, 1880, but differs from all especially by the absence of large whitish pubescent area on the center of the elytra (present in five species); from O. amo Galileo & Martins, 2008, by the body proportionally stouter and the elytra shorter; from O. birai Nearns & Tavakilian, 2015, and O. jatai Bondar, 1956, by the longer lower eye lobes and elytral tubercles and glabrous spots surrounded by whitish pubescence; from O. chagasi Martins, 1981, by the elytral tubercles distinctly larger; from O. fisheri Dillon & Dillon, 1946, and O. glebulenta Martins, 1981, by the elytral tubercles and glabrous spots distinctly larger; from O. mirim Martins & Galileo, 1996, by the scape rounded ventrally (distinctly flattened in the holotype of O. mirim which is a feature not mentioned in the original description) and the elytral tubercles smaller and more abundant and elevated, especially on anterior quarter; from O. ophthalmalis Dillon & Dillon, 1946, by the elytra without large whitish pubescence area centrally, and elytral tubercles and glabrous spots larger; from O. poeta Dillon & Dillon, 1949, by the larger elytral tubercles, and parts of the mesanepisterna and mesepimera do not bear the same color of pubescence as the sides of the metaventrite (both white in O. poeta); from O. schreiteri Bruch, 1941, by the elytral tubercles distinctly larger and fewer in number; and from O. tuberculata Thomson, 1868, by the elytral tubercles smaller and more abundant. For comparison with the species mentioned above, see photographs on Bezark (2025) and / or the original descriptions of some of them.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE0392F9FF99E.taxon	description	(Fig. 15)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE0392F9FF99E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pérez-Flores & Nearns (2021) described this species based on specimens from Mexico (Veracruz) and Honduras. It remains known only from these places (Monné 2024 a; Tavakilian & Chevillotte 2024). Although it was not compared with H. heraldica (Bates, 1872) in the original description, the two species are very similar. However, the whitish pubescent macula on the central region of the elytra is distinctly denser and has a much more irregular posterior margin in H. albofasciata.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE0392F9FF99E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO, Oaxaca (new state record): Sierra de Juárez, 850 m, 1 female, 2. VI. 1995, G. Nogueira leg. (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE2C62FCBF86B.taxon	description	(Figs 13 – 14)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE2C62FCBF86B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The description of this species was based on two females from Brazil (Amazonas). Currently, it is known from Venezuela, Peru, French Guiana, and Brazil (Amazonas). The males differ from the females mainly by their much longer antennae, in addition to the sexually dimorphic features of the genus.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A110FFBDFF2DE2C62FCBF86B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BOLIVIA (new country record), Cochabamba: Chaparé, San Jacinto, 2800 m, III. 1996, no collector indicated (MZSP).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11FFFB3FF2DE1B42C66FE68.taxon	description	(Fig. 16)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11FFFB3FF2DE1B42C66FE68.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Skinner (1905) described O. quercus based on two specimens from the USA (Arizona). Currently, it is known from the USA (Arizona) and Mexico (Nuevo Léon) (Monné 2024 a; Monné & Nearns 2024; Tavakilian & Chevillotte 2025). Tavakilian & Chevillotte (2025) cited Texas (USA) as a locality mentioned by Schaeffer (1908). In fact, it was H. G. Barber, secretary of the New York Entomological Society, who formally published the information presented by Charles Frederic August Schaeffer at the meeting held on February 4, 1908. However, it is unclear whether Schaeffer actually collected specimens of this species in Texas: “ The second paper of the evening was by Mr. Schaeffer who gave “ Notes on Some Coleoptera. ” He first discussed the various species of the Genus Oncideres and said that the apparent variety of the insects he believed was due to the fact that they emerged late in the season when little collecting was done and that they clung very tightly to the twigs when disturbed so that in beating, unless they fell into the umbrella at the first stroke, they would not be apt to be taken. The first year that he was in Texas he had not captured any specimens of O. pustulatus but had found many branches infested with the larvae under acacia trees, and from these he had obtained a number of the adult insects … Oncideres texanus, however, was apparently rare as only a few infested branches could be found. The following species and their work were exhibited: Oncideres angulata and girdling on hickory, O. pustulata and work of larvae in Acacia fornesiana [sic, farnesiana], O. texanus and work in Acacia flexicaulis and O. quercus and work in black oak. ” We believe there is no clear evidence indicating that the specimens of O. quercus were collected in Texas. Indeed, the first author and many colleagues have collected extensively in the mountains of western Texas in the preceding 40 years and this species has not been encountered.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11FFFB3FF2DE1B42C66FE68.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO, San Luis Potosí (new state record): Sierra de Alvarez, 2050 m, 1 male, VII. 15.1999, G. Nogueira leg. (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB3FF2DE69A2C5CF926.taxon	description	(Fig. 17)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB3FF2DE69A2C5CF926.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Eudesmus is a very problematic genus and needs a full revision. We have often seen photographs of specimens with very questionable identifications. This seems to be much more common with the identifications of E. posticalis Guérin- Méneville, 1844 and E. grisescens Audinet-Serville, 1835. Both were described from South America, respectively “ Brésil intérieur ” [interior of Brazil], and French Guiana. Currently, Eudesmus grisescens is listed as having a large geographical distribution: “ Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Trinidad and Tobago, Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, French Guiana, and Brazil (Amazonas) (Monné 2024 a; Tavakilian & Chevillotte 2025). On the other hand, E. posticalis is listed from Bolivia and Brazil (Amazonas) (Monné 2024 a; Tavakilian & Chevillotte 2025). Comparing photographs of the types of these two species, they appear to be quite similar. However, the syntypes of E. grisescens do not have a well-defined dark area on the apical half of the elytra, and the macula of whitish pubescence located anteriorly adjacent to this region does not have a curved posterior margin. Whether this difference is merely intraspecific variation remains uncertain for now. To make matters worse, there appears to be no reliable difference between E. caudalis Bates, 1865 and E. posticalis. Bates (1865) compared his species with E. rubefactus Bates, 1865 — a species that does indeed appear to be different — and not with E. posticalis. Interestingly, in the same work, Bates stated that he found E. posticalis at the same type locality as E. apicalis. Furthermore, Breuning (1958) described E. nicaraguensis from Nicaragua and reported: “ Proche de grisescens Serv., mais de stature plus large, les lobes inférieurs des yeux beacoup moins longs que les joues et la livrée légèrement différente [Close to grisescens Serv., but broader, the lower eye lobes much shorter than the genae, and slightly different coloration.]. ” We have not seen a photograph of the holotype of this species, but we suspect it is identical to E. posticalis. We believe that the specimen from Mexico, examined by us, corresponds to E. posticalis, which expands the geographical distribution of the species northward. We would not be surprised if the records of E. ferrugineus (Thomson, 1860) from Mexico actually correspond to E. posticalis.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB3FF2DE69A2C5CF926.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO (new country record), Oaxaca: Sierra de Juárez, 850 m, 1 male, 20 – 22. VIII. 1991, G. Nogueira leg. (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB1FF2DE3562D83FAC8.taxon	description	(Figs 19 – 20)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB1FF2DE3562D83FAC8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bates (1865) described Hypselomus picticornis (= Tulcus picticornis) based on a single female (Fig. 20) from Brazil (Amazonas, Ega, a locality now known as Tefé). Later, Bates (1872) reported it from Nicaragua (Chontales) and Bates (1880) incorrectly considered Hypsioma signaticornis Thomson, 1868 (= Tulcus signaticornis — not Tulcus signaticorne as incorrectly indicated by Martins & Galileo (2009) and followed by Tavakilian & Chevillotte (2025 )), and reported H. picticornis also from Guatemala (Vera Paz) and Panama (Chiriquí); Bates (1885) recorded it from Mexico (Toxpam and Cordova), Guatemala (Mirandilla and Pantaleon [both in Escuintla Department]), and Nicaragua (San Juan del Sur). According to Selander & Vaurie (1962) on Toxpam: “ Not located. The locality is given once in the “ Biologia ” as “ Toxpam near Cordova ” and elsewhere is cited frequently with Veracruz localities. It is possibly an error for Tuxpan, Veracruz. ” Dillon & Dillon (1945) described Charoides lycimnia (Fig 21) from Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, and Trinidad and Tobago and reported: “ Hypsioma picticornis Bates Biol. Centr. - Amer., Col. v, 1880, p. 123, pl. IX, fig. 7. [not Bates, 1865.]. ” In fact, figure 8 on plate IX in Bates (1880) (Fig. 25) was also identified as Hypsioma picticornis, although the pattern of elytral pubescence in the two figures is very different. About figure 8 in Bates (1880), Dillon & Dillon (1945) reported: “ Hypsioma picticornis Bates, loc. cit., p. 170; Biol. Centr. - Amer., Col. V, 1880, pl IX, fig. 8 [not p. 123 nor fig. 7, for which see C. lycimnia]. ” However, figure 7 in Bates (1880) (Fig. 24) does not agree to either the holotype of Charoides lycimnia (Fig. 21), to figure 10, plate IV, by Dillon & Dillon (1946) (Fig. 22), or to the holotype of Hypselomus picticornis (Fig. 20). Similarly, figure 14 by Dillon & Dillon (1946) (Fig. 23) does not match the holotype of Hypselomus picticornis (Fig. 20). As we were unable to identify any reliable differences between the specimen from Honduras and the holotype of Tulcus picticornis, we believe that it indeed belongs to this species. Therefore, it is not possible to determine to which species the specimens identified as Tulcus picticornis by Bates (1872, 1880, 1885), Lameere (1893), Leng & Mutchler (1914), and Dillon & Dillon (1945, 1946) actually belong — or even whether they belong to more than one species. Dillon & Dillon (1945) separated T. picticornis from T. lycimnius in the alternative of couplet “ 2: ” “ Antennae with third segment pale pubescent at base, but surface is uniformly piceous, ” leading to T. picticornis; “ Antennae with third segment having at last basal quarter of surface pale, ” leading to T. lycimnius. However, the difference pointed out by them is not true since the holotype of both species have the basal region of the antennomere III distinctly pale. In fact, Bates (1865) reported on Tulcus picticornis: “ antennis brunneus, articulo 2 do toto et caeteris basi rufescentibus [antennae brown, the second segment entirely and the bases of the others reddish — “ rufescentibus " does not accurately match the true color of these segments, which is distinctly more pale yellow]. ” Therefore, the only possible conclusion is that T. picticornis sensu Dillon & Dillon (1945) does not correspond to Bates’ species. Consequently, it is highly probable that T. lycimnius is a junior synonym of T. picticornis. However, we prefer not to formally establish this synonymy at this time. This is because it will be necessary to study additional specimens, preferably including part of the type series of T. lycimnius as well as more specimens of T. picticornis, to determine whether there are any distinguishing morphological features.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11EFFB1FF2DE3562D83FAC8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. HONDURAS (new country record), Olancho: R. Plátano Biosph. [Reserva Biosfera Río Plátano], 15.284 ° N 85.905 ° W, 1 male, E. van den Berghe leg. (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11CFFB6FF2DE29D2AD0FE30.taxon	description	(Fig. 18)	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11CFFB6FF2DE29D2AD0FE30.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Gahan (1894) described Basitoxus rugosus based on syntypes, at least one male and one female, from French Guiana, and Chalumeau (2010) described P. swifti based on a single male from Brazil (Amazonas). Currently, Physopleurus rugosus is known from French Guiana and Brazil (Amapá, Amazonas, and Pará) (Monné 2024 b; Tavakilian & Chevillotte 2025). This species is rare in collections (Santos-Silva & Martins 2003). Therefore, although the species has already been recorded from the Peruvian region of Loreto, we decided to include a photograph of this second female to assist other researchers in future identifications. We believe that the photograph of this female will allow researchers to observe intraspecific variations, which are very common in American Macrotomini (see photograph in Santos-Silva & Ramírez-Hernandez 2025): distance between the upper eye lobes, shape and length of the scape, shape of the anterolateral angles of the pronotum, and shape of the posterolateral region of the pronotum.	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
A96C7855A11CFFB6FF2DE29D2AD0FE30.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. PERU, Loreto: Iquitos vic., 1 female, 5. III. 2021, local collector (DHCO).	en	Heffern, Daniel, Nearns, Eugenio H., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2025): Description of two new species and new geographical records from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5728 (1): 173-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.1.7
