identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
710487B2AB27FFF1FF7EF8C24F68FBA3.text	710487B2AB27FFF1FF7EF8C24F68FBA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb., Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss.	<div><p>Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb., Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 3: 86, 1868.</p> <p>Gymnotrix flaccida (Griseb.) Munro ex Aitch., Cat. Pl.</p> <p>Punjab Sindh: 163, 1869.</p> <p>Cenchrus flaccidus (Griseb.) Morrone, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 106: 128, 2010.</p> <p>Pennisetum mongolicum Franch. ex Roshev. in B.A. Fedchenko, Fl. Asiat. Ross. 6: 77, 1914, pro syn.</p> <p>mm</p> <p>A B C D</p> <p>Pennisetum centrasiaticum var. qinghaiense Y.H. Wu, Acta Bot. Boreal. -Occid. Sin. 24: 1117, 2004.</p> <p>Perennial; rhizomatous. Culms tufted and erect; up to 120 cm tall. Leaf sheaths loose, glabrous, margins ciliate, imbricate at base; leaf blades linear with a distinct white midrib, 34-45 cm long, 4-14 mm wide, glabrous, acuminate; ligule 1-2 mm. Inflorescences panicles, terminal, linear, straight or slightly flexuous, loose to moderately dense, 4-22 cm long, 12-28 mm wide; rachises glabrous, scaberulous, bearing deciduous spikelet clusters; bristles numerous, usually pale green, occasionally purple-tinged, soft, slender, primary bristles 12-22 mm long, distinguishably longer than other bristles. Spikelet narrowly ovate-oblong, 4-7 mm; pedicels sessile to subsessile; lower glume usually 1/4 spikelet length or less; upper glume 1/3-2/3 spikelet length, 1-3-veined, acuminate; lower floret staminate, lemma as long as spikelet, 3-5- veined, acuminate-rostrate, palea fully developed; upper lemma acuminate, 5-veined. Anthers 3. Fl. and fr. Jul- Oct.</p> <p>Common name: Himalayan Fountain Grass, Flaccigrass Korean name: Ga-Neun-Soo-Keu-Ryung (ñṫ÷ĩậ).</p> <p>Habitats. Hillsides, field margins, roadsides on dry sandy soils, sometimes also on slightly saline alluvial soils on flood plains.</p> <p>Distribution. Central Asia, Western Asia, China, India, Himalayas westward to Afghanistan.</p> <p>Specimens examined. Yeobangri, Gunsan-si, Jeonrabuk-do, N 36̊ 00′20.63′′, E 126̊ 47′35.88′′, 30 Aug 2012. C. S. Kim and Y. W. Han (3 sheets, HCCN). Ladak,</p> <p>Tibet, India, 1868. T. Thomson (Isotype, image data, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK).</p> <p>Pennisetum flaccidum is native to Central Asia (Allen and Hall, 2007). This is a widespread and rather variable species having tough and spreading rhizomes, a glabrous inflorescence axis, and involucres of soft bristles (Chen and Phillips, 2006). Although the species produce a few viable seeds, its intensive vegetative reproduction system makes the species potentially invasive in many non-native countries (Szczesniak, 2011). However, this species is cultivated primarily as an ornamental purpose and good for a forage in some countries because of characteristics of frost and drought resistance (Chen and Phillips, 2006; Allen and Hall, 2007).</p> <p>In Korea, it was first found at the roadside of a provincial road near Gunsan IC, Gunsan, Jeonrabuk-do. Many individuals of the species were distributed for about 100 m along a roadside. It could be rapidly spread out to adjacent areas because of its intensive vegetative reproductive system. The occurrence of this species in Korea is probably the result of an accidental introduction.</p> <p>The species is distinguished from P. alopecuroides var. alopecuroides by subsessile involucres and plumose bristles. Korean name, ‘Ga-Neun-Soo-Keu-Ryung’ was given based on thinner inflorescences than those of P. alopecuroides var. alopecuroides (Soo-Keu-Ryung).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/710487B2AB27FFF1FF7EF8C24F68FBA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, Chang-Seok;Lee, Jeongran;Lee, In-Yong;Han, Young-Woo	Kim, Chang-Seok, Lee, Jeongran, Lee, In-Yong, Han, Young-Woo (2013): A newly naturalized species in Korea, Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb. (Poaceae). Journal of Species Research 2 (2): 223-226, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2013.2.2.223, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2013.2.2.223
