identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
611E5F3A1523C474FCA613CCE878FF57.text	611E5F3A1523C474FCA613CCE878FF57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena acaulis Baker	<div><p>1. Dracaena acaulis Baker — Map 1</p><p>Dracaena acaulis Baker (1878) 252. — Lectotype (designated here): Welwitsch 3752 (lecto LISU [LISU222113]; isolecto BM [BM000911607], COI [COI00100196]), Angola, Pungo Audongo, cataractas do rio Cuanza, July 1855.</p><p>Dracaena rubroaurantiaca De Wild. (1906) 228. — Lectotype (desig- nated here): Dewèvre 169 (lecto BR [BR0000008807441]; isolecto BR [BR0000008807458]), Democratic Republic of the Congo, 20 July 1895, syn. nov.</p><p>Sansevieria longifolia Welw. in sched.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo,</p><p>Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Notes — The protologue of D. acaulis cites no specimen, but mentions ‘Golungo Alto, regio 2 (1000–2400 pedes) in sylvaticis editioribus et ad rivulorum latera montium de, Alta Queta. Floret Julio.’ as a reference. The specimen Welwitsch 3752 matches both the description and the reference to its locality in the protologue. There are several duplicates, but the LISU specimen is the only specimen with labels carrying all locality data of the protologue, a label in the handwriting of J.G. Baker and a plant description very similar to that published in the protologue. Therefore, this specimen has been chosen as the lectotype for D. acaulis . It is known that Welwitsch provided specimens collected on different dates and localities with the same number (Albuquerque et al. 2009). The specimens in BM and COI carry the same date (July 1855) as the specimen in LISU and thus probably belong to the same collection and can be regarded as isolectotypes. The other duplicates in K, LISU and P, without dates, as well as those of Welwitsch 3753 (with date April 1856), are disregarded.</p><p>Dracaena rubroaurantiaca was described from a plant with the same inflorescence type and leaf shape as D. acaulis . In the protologue, De Wildeman compared D. rubroaurantiaca with Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl only; he probably had not seen any material of D. acaulis when describing his new species.</p><p>In his unpublished PhD thesis, Mwachala (2005) selected Plate 58 published along with the protologue (De Wildeman 1906: 228) as lectotype for D. rubroaurantiaca . In this protologue, however, De Wildemann cited: “dans les environs de Malella, 20-juillet 1895 (Alf. Dewèvre)”. In BR, two sheets of the speci- men Dewèvre 169 were found in a type folder together with Plate 58. One of the two sheets is annotated as ‘ Dracaena rubro-aurantiaca . De Wild. n.sp.’. Although there is no loca- tion written on this sheet, it is cited in Durand &amp; Durand (1909) with the location ‘île du Congo dans les env. de Malela’, and the morphology fits the protologue. Thus, although the plate published in the protologue is part of the original material, it is preferred to select a herbarium sheet as the lectotype.</p><p>Sansevieria longifolia Welw. is an unpublished name written on labels mounted on several duplicates of Welwitsch 3752 and Welwitsch 3753.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1523C474FCA613CCE878FF57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1520C474FFFC124CE81DFCAC.text	611E5F3A1520C474FFFC124CE81DFCAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena acutissima Hua	<div><p>2. Dracaena acutissima Hua — Map 2</p><p>Dracaena acutissima Hua (1897) 669. — Lectotype (designated here): Thollon 913 (lecto P [P00442404]; isolecto B, K (drawing), P (2 ×), WAG), Republic of the Congo, rivière Alima, Mar. 1888.</p><p>Distribution — Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic</p><p>Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Notes — In his unpublished PhD thesis, Mwachala (2005) selected a neotype for D. acutissima . However, in the proto- logue Hua wrote: “Région de l’Alima (Thollon, n° 913), terrains sableux, sous-bois, fl. mars 1888 ”. Material of Thollon 913 is available in several herbaria and hence the selection of a neotype is superfluous. The specimen P00442404 was chosen as the lectotype from among the three sheets available at P, since that is the only sheet carrying a label with the details mentioned in the protologue .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1520C474FFFC124CE81DFCAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1520C474FFFC1051EC92FCA2.text	611E5F3A1520C474FFFC1051EC92FCA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena bicolor Hook.	<div><p>3. Dracaena bicolor Hook. — Map 3</p><p>Dracaena bicolor Hook. (1861) t. 5248. — Lectotype (designated by Bos 1984): Hort. Kew s.n. (lecto K [K000099865]; isolecto K [K000099866]), culta (ex G. Mann s.n., Equatorial Guinea, Fernando Po), Feb. 1861.</p><p>Dracaena talbotii Rendle (1913) 112. — Lectotype (designated by Bos 1984): Talbot 1532 (lecto BM [BM000911624];isolecto BM [BM000911623],K (2 ×), WAG-spirit), Nigeria, Oban, 1912, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena densifolia Baker (1874) 165. — Lectotype (designated by Hepper 1968a): Mann 1037 (lecto K [K000099863]), Gabon, Gaboon River, 1861, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena densiflora Baker (1875) 535 ‘ densifolia ’.</p><p>Distribution — Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ga- bon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Notes — In the protologue, Hooker (1861) described the inflorescence of D. bicolor s.str. as a dense spicate-capitate compound raceme. Hepper (1968b) stated it is a shortly cy- lindrical, very dense spike, while according to Bos (1984) the inflorescence is subcapitate to thyrsoid. The inflorescence of D. bicolor s.lat. has several (4–10) dense clusters of c. 20 flow- ers forming a compact bracteate subcapitate inflorescence of up to 26 cm long. Further anatomic study might reveal that it has a thyrsoid structure, similar to that in Sansevieria (Budweg 2016) . Dracaena talbotii was described from a plant with the same inflorescence type as in D. bicolor, but with narrow leaves. We have observed leaf shape to be highly variable within D. bicolor (for example the collection Bos 4160 represents two distinct leaf forms collected from the same plant before and after it fell down and re-sprouted), reason why we do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon. Dracaena densifolia represents a form of D. bicolor with a more open inflorescence, but otherwise, including flower size, fits well within the range of D. bicolor .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1520C474FFFC1051EC92FCA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1520C472FCA6105AEB69FD03.text	611E5F3A1520C472FCA6105AEB69FD03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena braunii Engl.	<div><p>4. Dracaena braunii Engl. — Map 4</p><p>Dracaena braunii Engl. (1892) 479. — Lectotype (designated here): culta Berlin s.n. (lecto B [B_10_0184054]) (ex. Cameroon, Malimba, 1889, Braun 329), Aug. 1891.</p><p>Dracaena litoralis Mwachala &amp; Eb.Fisch.(2013) 444. — Type: Mezili 90 (holo P [P00283988, P00283989]), Cameroon, Kribi District, between Kribi and Lonji, 19 Mar. 1968, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Re- public of the Congo.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena litoralis was recently described to accommodate a plant similar to the original material of D. braunii (type and plate in protologue of cultivated plant) but with smaller flowers and different leaf shape. However, we think the differ- ence in the flower size is explained because D. braunii was based on cultivated material in which the flower size is often a little larger (phenotypic plasticity due to better growing condi- tions?). For example, a flower measured in Gabon (Damen et al. 499) was 18 mm long, but when this plant was transplanted and flowered in the greenhouse at WAG, the flower was 22 mm long. Flowers in D. braunii are nocturnal and only a few hours at full anthesis (Damen, pers. obs.). In the field, collections are usually made when the flowers are not yet at full anthesis and therefore still slightly smaller. In cultivation, where often the light levels are lower, full anthesis starts earlier during the evening and it is easier to collect the flowers at full anthesis. These phenomena could thus well explain the difference in flower size observed by Mwachala &amp; Fischer (2013). Moreover, we have been able to study D. braunii populations in the field, which occurred to be very polymorphic, possibly due to the extreme growing conditions, (salty places near the coast often grazed by buffalos). From those observations we conclude that leaf shape and phyllotaxis of D. litoralis fit comfortably within the range of D. braunii, as does the characteristic ecology.</p><p>In his unpublished PhD thesis, Mwachala (2005) selected Plate 20 in the protologue (Engler 1892: 479) as a lectotype for D. braunii . In that protologue, however, Engler cited a culti- vated plant: “Die Pflanze wurde von J. Braun nach dem botan. Garten zu Berlin importiert und blühte daselbst im Aug. 1891.” According to the label attached to the herbarium sheet in B with barcode B_10_0184054, it represents material from that plant and should thus be regarded as the original material to be preferred over a plate. This corrected typification was already communicated by Mwachala &amp; Fischer (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1520C472FCA6105AEB69FD03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1526C473FFFC11BEEB66FD56.text	611E5F3A1526C473FFFC11BEEB66FD56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena bushii Damen 2018	<div><p>5. Dracaena bushii Damen, sp. nov. — Fig. 1; Plate 1; Map 5</p><p>Dracaena bushii is similar to Dracaena phrynioides Hook., both having capi- tate inflorescences and leaves with long pseudopetioles. Dracaena bushii is easily distinguished from that species by its flowers which are twice as long and the presence of a distinct stem up to 50 cm long, and an equitant (with overlapping leaf bases) leaf arrangement,where D. phrynioides is subacaulous with its leaves arranged in a rosette. — Type: van Setten 988 (holo WAG [WAG.1152725 (sheet 1), WAG.1152726 (sheet 2), WAG0108898 (spirit), WAG0116789 (spirit)]), culta at Wageningen, The Netherlands, 3 Aug. 1988 (ex Breteler 2438, Cameroon, East Province, 24 km NE of Bertoua, along the road to Bétaré Oya, N4°42' E13°49', alt. 750 m, 2 Oct. 1962).</p><p>Etymology. Dracaena bushii honours J.J. Bos (the Dutch word ‘bos’ translates to ‘bush’ in English) who has been a great inspiration of the first author, and at the same time credits Burgers Bush in Arnhem, The Netherlands, where the largest collection of living Dracaena in the world is being maintained, including a few specimens of D. bushii .</p><p>Shrub to 2.5 m tall, with a single stem arising from a woody rhizome; stem to c. 5 cm diam, up to 50 cm long, yellowish grey, marked by dark green annular scars of fallen leaves, occasionally forming aerial roots. Leaves alternate, equitant; pseudopetiole bluish dark green, longer than the lamina, to 80 cm long, sulcate along its upper surface, gradually extending into a sheathing base, clasping the stem for distinctly more than its circumference; lamina ovate, up to 65 by 20 cm, corrugated lengthwise, shiny dark green above, dull pale green beneath, midrib paler, variegated with scattered transversely orientated oval pale green dots, each dot with a yellow centre, coriaceous, leaf base rounded, leaf tip acuminate, mucro to 2 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, usually erect; peduncle up to 8 cm long, smooth, terminating in a bracteate capitulum of up to 13 cm diam; bracts enveloping the capitulum, broadly ovate, c. 5 by 3 cm, scarious, dark brown; flowers in fascicles of 2 or 3, each fascicle closely enveloped by 3.5–4 cm long light brown bracts. Flower: pedicel 0–1 mm long; perianth white, 45–50 mm long, lobes 15 by 2 mm, spreading, each with a single central distinct costa; stamens inserted near the throat, up to 2 mm shorter than the lobes, filaments white, terete, inflated, with subulate tips, anthers pale yellow, 3 by 1 mm; ovary oblong, up to 3 by 2 mm; style filiform, to 1 mm exserted, white, stigma capitate, shallowly trilobed, c. 1 mm diam. Fruits depressed globose, shallowly 1–3-lobed, c. 14 by 9 mm, bright orange to bright red, with 2 or 3 seeds, receptacle of up to 4 mm long. Seeds smooth, ellipsoid, up to c. 10 by 7 mm, flattened where pressed against adjacent seeds.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon.</p><p>Ecology — Understory of secondary forest, forest edges, humid places, on sandy soil and clayish river banks; at 100– 1500 m altitude. Flowering in June (fide Letouzey 13823).</p><p>Other specimens examined. CAMEROON, Centre, Nkolukie dans le massif du Mbam-Minkom 18 km nord-ouest Yaoundé, c. N3°59' E11°23', 28 Sept. 1984, Achoundong, G 622 (P); East, 24 km NE of Bertoua, along the road to Bétaré Oya, N4°42' E13°49', alt. 750 m, 8 Jan. 1962, Breteler, FJ 2438 (WAG); 500 m NW of Koundi, 22 km N of Bertoua, N4°44' E13°36',alt. 670 m, 29 Dec.1977, Van den Burg, HC 16 (WAG); 1.5 km S of Yanda I, between Ber- toua and Diang, N4°34' E13°25', alt. 720 m, 16 May 1978, Van den Burg, HC 40 (WAG); culta,in greenhouse botanical gardens Wageningen,The Nether- lands, (seedling from Breteler et al. 2438 collected in Cameroon, 24 km NE of Bertoua, along the road to Bétaré Oya, N4°42' E13°49',alt. 750 m), 2 Oct. 1962, Breteler, FJ 3043 (WAG);culta in The Bush, Burgers’ Zoo,Antoon van Hooffplein 1, Arnhem, The Netherlands, gift from WAG, No. 1969PT00479, (ex Breteler 2438, Cameroon, East Province, 24 km NE of Bertoua, along the road to Bétaré Oya, N4°42' E13°49', alt. 750 m, 2 Oct. 1962), 24 Nov. 2011, Damen, THJ 463 (WAG); ibid., 7 Apr. 2013, Roos, JR de 11 (WAG); South, colline Mbok, 5 km à l’est de Meyo Centre, 40 km SSW d’Ebolowa,c. N2°34' E11°04', 24 Mar. 1970, Letouzey, R 10228 (P); South-West, colline au SE d’Okororoba, 20 km NE Ngati, c. N5°26' E9°17', alt. 772 m, 13 June</p><p>Map 5 Distribution of Dracaena bushii Damen.</p><p>1975, Letouzey, R 13823 (P, WAG-spirit); Mt Kupe, Nyasoso, along Max’s trail, N4°50' E9°42', alt. 1100 m, 2 Dec. 2004, Richardson, JE 250 (WAG); Mt Kupe,Ngomboku,path to the east, N4°55.6' E9°43.7', alt. 1100 m, 3 Dec. 2004, Richardson, JE 261 (WAG); Meme, N4°49' E9°42', alt. 1200–1500 m, 1 Dec. 1985, Thomas, DW 5098 (WAG). – EQUATORIAL GUINEA, Litoral, Bata-Senge, Estrada km 38, entrada maderera hacia el monte Bibogo, c. N1°40' E9°55', alt. 650 m, 13 May 1997, Carvalho, MF de 6324 (BRLU,MA); SE Bata, c. 50 km Oborobiko, Bata to Rio Benito, c. N1°28' E9°52', 25 Feb. 1969, Sanford, WW 6027 (K); Wele Nzas, région d’Anisok,env.de Temelon, près du village Ayene, c. N1°56' E10°38', 10 Sept. 1997, Lisowski, S M614 (BRLU). – GABON, Estuaire, Andem, Kougouleu-Kango c. 10 km, 2 km N, N0°22' E9°57', 9 Oct. 1985, Louis, AM 1859 (LBV, WAG); Ogooué-Ivindo, Parc National de l’Ivindo,chutes de Djidji, N0°08.9' E12°44.6', alt. 335 m, 28 Mar. 2004, Moungazi, A 1475 (LBV, WAG). – UNKNOWN, culta, Plantentuin, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Belgium, 15 Nov. 1984, Laan, FM van der 830 (WAG, WAG-spirit);Botanic Garden Meise,Belgium,No.19073927,origin unknown, 17 Oct. 2017, Caekenberghe, F van 52 (BR-spirit).</p><p>Note — The description of Dracaena sp. aff. phrynoides Hook in Cheek et al. (2004) matches the new species D. bushii . Unfortunately, the herbarium at Kew could not locate the three specimens cited in this publication during a recent visit of the first author, and so this could not be checked.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1526C473FFFC11BEEB66FD56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1527C473FFFC104EEAD4FD1A.text	611E5F3A1527C473FFFC104EEAD4FD1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena camerooniana Baker	<div><p>6. Dracaena camerooniana Baker — Map 6</p><p>Dracaena camerooniana Baker (1874) 166. — Type: Mann 1204 (holo K (K000255899);iso GH,K,P,S, U), Cameroon, Cameroon Mount, Jan.1862.</p><p>Dracaena oddonii De Wild. (1906) 227. — Type: Oddon in Gillet 3333 (holo BR (BR0000008807397); iso BR (BR0000008807380)), Democratic Re- public of the Congo, Janda, 1903, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena silvatica Hua (1897) 665. — Type: Thollon 4074 (holo P (P00442299); iso WAG (WAG0184575)), Republic of the Congo, Brazzaville, May 1891.</p><p>Distribution — Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena oddonii was described from a plant with larger leaves and a longer petiole than the typical D. camerooniana . We do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon, because leaf shape within D. camerooniana is highly variable and both leaf forms can occur even on the same plant (Damen, pers. obs.).</p><p>Dracaena silvatica was described from a plant with much smaller flowers than typical D. camerooniana . This ecotype has been observed several times in the wild and grows in deep shade and inundated forest where the flowers and fruits are often poorly developed or even malformed (Damen, pers. obs.). It is regarded as a phenotype not worthy of a distinct taxonomic rank.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1527C473FFFC104EEAD4FD1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1527C473FCA61182EC41FBD0.text	611E5F3A1527C473FCA61182EC41FBD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena cerasifera Hua	<div><p>7. Dracaena cerasifera Hua — Map 7</p><p>Dracaena cerasifera Hua (1897) 663. — Lectotype (designated here): Leroy s.n. (lecto P (P00442279); isolecto K (K000255922), P (P00442280, P00442281), WAG (WAG0251836)), Gabon (Congo français), Ogoué, 1894–1895.</p><p>Distribution — Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Note — In the protologue, Hua gives ‘Ogooué (Mgr Leroy)’ to indicate the material seen. This material is represented at P by three sheets, two with flowers and one with fruits, which match the description provided in the protologue. The sheet chosen here to serve as lectotype is richest in flowers .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1527C473FCA61182EC41FBD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1527C470FCA617C5E814FF57.text	611E5F3A1527C470FCA617C5E814FF57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena congoensis Hua	<div><p>8. Dracaena congoensis Hua — Map 8</p><p>Dracaena congoensis Hua (1897) 668. — Type: Thollon s.n. (holo P (P00442278); iso K-drawing &amp; fragment (K000255935), WAG-fragment (WAG0010776)), Republic of the Congo, Forêt de Mayumba, 1890–1891.</p><p>Dracaena cuspidibracteata Engl. (1902) 96. — Type: Zenker 1616 (holo B (B_10_0160844); iso BM, COI, E, G, GOET, HBG, K, L, M, MO, P, PRE, S, WAG, WU, Z), Cameroon, Bipindi, 22 Dec.1897, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Note — Dracaena cuspidibracteata was described from a plant that fits well the inflorescence and leaf shape character- istics of D. congoensis . In the protologue, Engler compared D. cuspidibracteata only with D. fragrans and we assume he had not seen any material of D. congoensis when describing his new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1527C470FCA617C5E814FF57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1524C470FFFC124CED60FD30.text	611E5F3A1524C470FFFC124CED60FD30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena glomerata Baker	<div><p>9. Dracaena glomerata Baker — Map 9</p><p>Dracaena glomerata Baker (1874) 166. — Type: Mann 1630 (holo K (K000255925); iso K (K000255926), P), Equatorial Guinea, Corsico Bay, Iloby Island, Aug. 1862.</p><p>Dracaena buettneri Engl. (1892) 478. — Type: Büttner 537 (holo B (B_10_ 0160843)), Gabon, Wald bei Sibange, Sept. 1884, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena gabonica Hua (1897) 669. — Lectotype (designated here): Soyaux 98 (lecto P (P00487007); isolecto K (K000255923)), Gabon, in ditione Munda, Sibange-Farm, 16 July 1880, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena soyauxiana Baker (1901) 857. — Lectotype (designated here): Soyaux 158 (lecto Z (Z-000075491)), Gabon, in ditione Munda, Sibange-Farm, 13 Nov. 1880, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Re- public of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena buettneri, D. gabonica and D. soyauxiana represent the same species collected at the same locality (Gabon, Sibang area) in different stages of growth, respec- tively. with young inflorescence, at anthesis and fruiting. They all represent a form with a spicate inflorescence, while the other extreme of the variable inflorescence shape, a short and branched inflorescence, is represented by the type specimen of D. glomerata . Since all intermediate inflorescence forms can be found (Damen, pers. obs.), we do not recognise them as distinct taxa.</p><p>The protologue of D. gabonica mentions two collections: Soyaux 98 and Klaine 104; the Soyaux specimen at P with both leaves and an inflorescence is most suited to serve as the lectotype. The protologue of D. soyauxiana cites Soyaux 158 as the type and states ‘Ad D. ellipticum Thunb., accedit’ [close to Dracaena elliptica Thunb. &amp; Dalm.]. However, at K, where we first expected to find the holotype, Soyaux 158 represents a Combretaceae ( Combretum platypterum (Welw.) Hutch. &amp; Dalziel). The original label gives ‘ Cacoucia paniculata Laws. ’, which is a synonym of that species. Baker, publishing his new species in the Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier, probably saw the sheet at Z, where Soyaux 158 indeed represents this taxon, though the label also carries the Combretaceae name. Obvi- ously some mixture of labels and/or plants has taken place. Even more confusing is that at K the label of Soyaux 98, the isotype of D. gabonica, carries the remark ‘n.sp.? near elliptica’. It might thus even be that Baker actually intended to assign Soyaux 98 as the type.</p><p>Map 9 Distribution of Dracaena glomerata Baker. Plate 2 Iconotype Dracaena goldieana Bullen ex Mast.&amp; T.Moore from Bull (1877), Retail list, No 129: t. VIII.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1524C470FFFC124CED60FD30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1524C470FCA611B2EAA6FB75.text	611E5F3A1524C470FCA611B2EAA6FB75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena goldieana Bullen ex Mast. & T. Moore - Plate 1872	<div><p>10. Dracaena goldieana Bullen ex Mast. &amp; T.Moore — Plate 2; Map 10</p><p>Dracaena goldieana Bullen ex Mast. &amp; T.Moore (1872) 1232. — Neotype (designated here): Bull (1877), Retail list, No 129: t. VIII (iconotype).</p><p>Distribution — Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ga- bon, Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Note — The protologue describes a plant exhibited in 1872 by Robert Bullen of the Glasgow Botanic Gardens. No her- barium material of the original plant seems to have been preserved.Although we could not find direct proof of the statement by Bos (1984) that William Bull received plants of D. goldieana from Edinburg Botanic Garden, it is a highly likely assumption that William Bull received material from this same plant and published the drawing carrying that name in his Retail List (Bull 1877). This drawing thus represents the material closest to the original cultivated plant and we decided to select that as the neotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1524C470FCA611B2EAA6FB75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1524C47EFCA61669EB25F8D4.text	611E5F3A1524C47EFCA61669EB25F8D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena haemanthoides Damen 2018	<div><p>11. Dracaena haemanthoides Bos ex Damen, sp. nov. — Fig. 2; Plate 3; Map 11</p><p>Dracaena haemanthoides is similar to the West African Dracaena adamii Hepper; both are found on streambanks and share the same phyllotaxis and inflorescence type. Dracaena haemanthoides is easily distinguished, however, because its flowers are almost 2 times as long as those of D. adamii while the corolla lobes are much shorter than the tube. Furthermore, the peduncle is smooth, not scabrid as in D. adamii . — Type: Veldhuizen, J van 982 (holo WAG [WAG.1153971 (sheet 1), WAG.1153970 (sheet 2), WAG0116648 (spirit)],culta, in greenhouse at Wageningen, The Netherlands (No. 1972PT00634 ex Leeuwenberg, AJM 10334, 16 Sept. 1972, 14 km E of Kumba, 28 km W of Loum., N4°41’ E9°31'), 26 Jan. 1984.</p><p>Map 10 Distribution of Dracaena goldieana Bullen ex Mast. &amp; T.Moore.</p><p>Etymology. Bos did already recognise this species as distinct and pro- visionally named it D. haemanthoides on his identification slips (fide Bos 10828), probably because it resembles the growth habit and capitate flowers of some species of Haemanthus .</p><p>Shrub, single-stemmed or occasionally acaulescent, up to c. 50 cm high; stem unbranched, erect, up to c. 20 cm long, densely leafy towards the top, greenish. Leaves alternate, equitant; pseudopetiole broadly winged, gradually extending into a sheathing base, clasping the stem for slightly more than its circumference; lamina oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic in smaller specimens, up to 80 by 12 cm, thickly coriaceous, glossy dark green above, pale green or occasionally dark purple with midrib prominent for c. 3/4 of its length beneath, base gradually tapering, apex acuminate, subulate, mucro up to 3 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, erect, up to 18 cm long; peduncle smooth, purplish green, base with cuspidate transitional leaves, merging into purplish green cymbiform bracts of up to 16 by 10 mm which subtend the closely packed glomerules containing well over 10 flowers each, forming a subcapitate inflorescence. Flower: pedicel 1–2 mm long, persistent basal part to 1.5 mm long; perianth creamy white, 51–59 mm long, tube longitudinally striped, pink-purple on the outside, lobes reflexed, c. 11 by 3 mm, apex obtuse with minute mucro, out- side greenish white, inside white; stamens inserted near the throat, up to 1 mm shorter than the lobes, filaments filiform, white, anthers c. 1.5 mm long, pale yellow; ovary ovoid, 3 by</p><p>d</p><p>Fig. 2 Dracaena haemanthoides Bos ex Damen. a. Habit; b. upper part of leaf; c. dissected flower; d. infructescence; e. seed (a: culta Hort. Bot. Wageningen n° 1972PT00634; b: Van Setten 1061; c: Van Setten 991; d: Van Veldhuizen 1539; e: Van Veldhuizen 982). — Drawing by Kinga Berdysz.</p><p>Plate 3 Dracaena haemanthoides Bos ex Damen, habit and inflorescence; culta greenhouse WAG nº 1984PTCB057A. — Photo: JJ Bos.</p><p>2 mm; style filiform, to 2 mm exserted, white; stigma capitate, 3-lobed, 1 mm diam. Fruits broadly ellipsoid, c. 18 by 21 mm, orange to yellow, receptacle to 3 mm long. Seeds broadly ellipsoid, shallowly bilobed, 8 by 12 mm, smooth.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea.</p><p>Ecology — Creek banks in forest, on flat loamy banks of shallow forest streamlet; at 25–450 m altitude. Flowering period unknown, but in cultivation in The Netherlands, it flowered in January and February.</p><p>Other specimens examined. CAMEROON, South, 12 km from Kribi, S . of Lolodorf road, towards <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.983334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.9833333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.983334/lat 2.9833333)">Kienke river</a>, c. N2°59' E9°59', 9 July 1970, Bos, JJ 7065 (WAG) ; South-West, 14 km E of Kumba, 28 km W of Loum., N4°41' E9°31', 16 Sept. 1972, Leeuwenberg, AJM 10334 (BR, MO, P, WAG, YA); culta, in greenhouse Wageningen, The Netherlands, No. 1972PT00634 (leg. Leeuwenberg 10334), Aug. 1983, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.516666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.6833334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.516666/lat 4.6833334)">Hort Bot Wageningen</a> s.n. (WAG, WAGspirit); ibid., 19 July 1984, Setten, K van 845 (WAG, WAG-spirit); ibid., 17 Feb.1992, Setten, K van 1061 (WAG);ibid., Veldhuizen, J van 1355 (WAG); ibid., 5 Aug. 1997, Veldhuizen, J van 1539 (WAG, WAG-spirit). – EQUATORIAL GUINEA, Bioko, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.7&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.7/lat 3.5)">Fernando Po</a>, c. N3°30' E8°42', July 1860, Mann, G 8 A (K [K000321374]) . – GABON, Woleu-Ntem, c. 75 km E of Chantier SEF of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.8333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.166667/lat 0.8333333)">Leroy-Abanga</a>, at the end of concession road, c. N0°50' E11°10', 10 July 1985, Bos, JJ 10571 (LBV, WAG); culta, in greenhouse Wageningen, The Netherlands, No. 85 PTGA220 , leg. Bos. JJ 10570 [1]; ibid., 24 Jan. 1985, Bos, JJ 10828 (WAG).– UNKNOWN, Berggarten, Herrenhausen,sine loco, 21 Feb. 1905, Hort Bot Herrenhausen s.n. (K) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1524C47EFCA61669EB25F8D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152AC47EFFFC14CEED0FFB6A.text	611E5F3A152AC47EFFFC14CEED0FFB6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena laxissima Engl.	<div><p>12. Dracaena laxissima Engl. — Map 12</p><p>Dracaena laxissima Engl. (1892) 478. — Type: Pogge 1462 (holo B (B_10_ 0160916)), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mukenge, 18 Feb. 1882.</p><p>Dracaena bequaertii De Wild. (1921) 37. — Type: Bequaert 6322 (holo BR (BR0000008808493)), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mukule-Mokoto, 19 Dec. 1914, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena thomensis Dandy in sched.</p><p>Map 11 Distribution of Dracaena haemanthoides Bos ex Damen.</p><p>Distribution — Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena bequaertii was described from a lianescent plant with a shorter inflorescence than the typical D. laxissima, but otherwise fits that species’ morphology. From study- ing a large number of herbarium collections, it appears that the inflorescence length in D. laxissima can vary between 5 and 50 cm, and hence we do not recognise D. bequaertii as a distinct taxon.</p><p>Dracaena thomensis was encountered as a name written on the identification slip mounted on the specimen Quintas 1, deposited in K (K000255924). The name does not seem to have been formally published.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152AC47EFFFC14CEED0FFB6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152AC47FFCA61793E980FB6D.text	611E5F3A152AC47FFCA61793E980FB6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena laxissima fm. aureilicia Wiland & Q. Luke 2018	<div><p>13. Dracaena laxissima Engl. forma aureilicia Wiland &amp; Q.Luke, forma nov. — Plate 4; Map 12</p><p>A form differing from the typical form of D. laxissima by distinctive, white cream or yellowish, irregularly undulating bands along transversal veins of the leaves. Flowers greenish white, usually with no pinkish taint, as in the typical form of D. laxissima . — Type: Lisowski, S 80127 (holo POZG 2 sheets), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Orientale, route Kisangani-Lubutu, km 189, près du village Mengwe, S0°26' E26°13', 6 Dec. 1981.</p><p>Etymology. The transversal bands on the leaves of this form reminds of a golden thread in a green fabric.</p><p>Distribution — Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania.</p><p>Map 12 Distribution of Dracaena laxissima Engl. forma laxissima (●) and Dracaena laxissima Engl. forma aureilicia Wiland &amp; Q.Luke (▲).</p><p>Plate 4 Dracaena laxissima Engl. forma aureilicia Wiland &amp; Q. Luke, habit and young inflorescence showing typical variegation, Luke s.n. — Photo: WRQ Luke .</p><p>Ecology — Primary, riverine and swamp forest; foodplant for Artitropa sp. (S. Collins, pers. comm.), at 300–1600 m altitude. Flowering: February, March.</p><p>Other specimens examined. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, Bandundu, Mushie, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.233334/lat -2.1666667)">Bomongo</a>, c. S2°10' E16°14', Feb. 1951, Flamigni, A 10269 (BR, WAG) ; Equateur, Ikela, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.6/lat -0.7)">Yalikungu</a>, c. S0°42' E22°36', 28 Nov. 1958, Evrard, CM 5258 (BR) . – TANZANIA, Iringa, Kilolo District, Iyai village, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.165/lat -7.556667)">Image Forest Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.165/lat -7.556667)">Mountains Range</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.165/lat -7.556667)">Selebu Mountain Base</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.556667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.165/lat -7.556667)">Ihongole valley</a>, S7°33.4' E36°09.9',alt. 1510–1600 m, 2 Sept. 2011, Kayombo, CJ 6963 (TAN, WAG) ; Morogoro, Kilombero District, top end of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.566667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.85/lat -8.566667)">Kihanzi Gorge</a>, S8°34' E35°51', alt. 1000–1100 m, 17 Apr. 2008, Bidgood, GS 6462 (K, P, WAG) ; culta in Steve Collins’ garden Nairobi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.0/lat -8.0)">Kenya</a>,ex <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.0/lat -8.0)">Kihansi Gorge</a>,c. S8° 35149' E35° 505916', alt. 910 m, 5 Mar. 2010, Luke Q s.n. (WAG-photo); Tanga, Muheza District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.67&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.988333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.67/lat -4.988333)">Kwezitu</a> public forest along path to peak between Mkalamo and Gonja subvil- lages, S4°59.3' E38°40.2',alt. 825 m, 4Aug.2000, Mwangoka, MA 1594 (MO, POZG) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152AC47FFCA61793E980FB6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152BC47FFFFC1797EAC4FD55.text	611E5F3A152BC47FFFFC1797EAC4FD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena mannii Baker	<div><p>14. Dracaena mannii Baker — Map 13</p><p>Dracaena mannii Baker (1874) 164. — Lectotype (designated here): Mann 2329 (lecto K (K000255908);isolecto A, B, K (K000255909, K000255910), P, WAG), Nigeria, River Old Calabar, 1863.</p><p>Dracaena tessmannii Engl. &amp; K.Krause (1910) 151. — Type: Tessmann 358 (holo B (B_10_0160913); iso B (B_10_ 0160914), WAG-fragment), Equatorial Guinea, Mabungo, 21 Apr. 1908, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena usambarensis Engl. var. longifolia De Wild.(1905) 43. — Lectotype (designated here): Laurent &amp; Laurent s.n. (lecto BR (BR0000008807427)), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lisala, 7 Jan.1904.</p><p>Distribution — Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Demo- cratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Map 13 Distribution of Dracaena mannii Baker.</p><p>Notes — The protologue of D. mannii mentions two collections: Mann 2329 and Thompson s.n.; Bos (1984) already se- lected Mann 2329 deposited at K as the lectotype for this name. However, this collection is composed of three sheets. Since Bos has clearly annotated sheet K000255908 as lectotype and the others as duplicates, we have herewith made his choice more explicit and limited it to a single sheet, in conformity to Art. 8.2 and 8.3 of the ICN (McNeill et al. 2012).</p><p>Dracaena tessmannii was described from a plant with the same inflorescence and leaf shape as D. mannii . In the protologue, Engler &amp; Krause (1910) compared D. tessmannii with D. fragrans only. We assume they probably did not see any material of D. mannii when describing this new species.</p><p>All four syntypes of D. usambarensis var. longifolia at BR are ± similar in the sense that they are composed only of leaves mounted on a sheet. They were collected at different locations on different dates. The lectotype chosen represents the only specimen with a plant description written on the label. This description is most likely used as the basis for the description in the protologue.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152BC47FFFFC1797EAC4FD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152BC47DFCA6104BED81FB4C.text	611E5F3A152BC47DFCA6104BED81FB4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena marina Damen 2018	<div><p>15. Dracaena marina Bos ex Damen, sp. nov. — Fig. 3; Plate 5, 6; Map 14</p><p>Dracaena marina is similar to the East African Dracaena usambarensis Engl.; it is easily distinguished from that species by the oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate leaves, its bright red to yellow inflorescence axes, and the perianth lobes that are longer than the tube. In D. usambarensis the leaves are narrow elliptic, the inflorescence axes are green to orange and the peri- anth lobes are shorter than the tube. — Type: Breteler 14640 (holo WAG (WAG0047304); iso LBV (LBV0008874), WAG (WAG0047305), WAG-spirit (WAG0029799)), Gabon, Gamba region. c. S2°40' E10°00', 11 Nov. 1998.</p><p>Dracaena sp., Keay et al. (1964) 439, based on Stanfield FHI47067 (not located), Lagos, Apapa.</p><p>Etymology. Bos already recognised this species as distinct and had pro- visionally named it D. marina, because it is often found close to the ocean. With this name, Bos also wanted to honour Ms Marina Wassink, the former secretary of the Plant Taxonomy Department at Wageningen University, The Netherlands, who had been a great help to him.</p><p>Shrub or large tree of up to 40 m high; trunk up to 60 cm diam, forming stilt roots when growing in inundated areas or mangroves; bark smooth to shallowly longitudinally fissured, grey, slash creamy white, not exuding resin; leaves densely set along the branches, tufted at the apex in older specimens, stem visible between the leaves. Leaves spirally arranged, sessile; lamina variable, oblanceolate and up to 30 by 9 cm, but on fast grow- ing shoots often narrowly oblanceolate and up to 60 by 8 cm, coriaceous, dark dull green above, pale green with prominent midrib below, secondary veins inconspicuous, base gradually tapering, then abruptly expanding and clasping the stem for 1/2 to 3/4 of its circumference, apex acute to acuminate, mucro c. 3 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, erect, a much branched panicle, up to 75 by 55 cm; peduncle smooth, flexible (like rub- ber), bright yellow to bright red; bracts supporting the branches triangular, up to 10 by 7 mm (distally decreasing in size), early caducous, coriaceous; flowers solitary or arranged in fascicles of up to c. 5, each solitary flower or fascicle subtended by a small triangular, membranous, caducous bract with scarious margin, up to 2 mm long. Flower: pedicel bright orange, to 15 mm long, persistent basal part to 13 mm long, surrounded by early caducous scarious floral bracts of c. 1 mm long; peri- anth creamy white, 35–55 mm long, lobes 24–33 mm long; stamens inserted near the throat, up to 3 mm shorter than the lobes, filaments filiform, white, anthers c. 2.5 mm long, pale yellow; ovary ovoid, 3 by 2.5 mm; style filiform, exserted for up to 3 mm, white, stigma c. 0.5 mm diam. Fruits globose to depressed globose, up to 23 by 28 mm, glossy, orange-brown to red, usually with 1 seed, receptacle swollen, up to 6 by 3</p><p>Fig. 3 Dracaena marina Bos ex Damen. a. Branch and inflorescence; b. leaf; c. flower; d. dissected flower; e. fruit (a, c–d: Breteler 14640; b: Damen 671; e: Louis, AM 4034). — Drawing by Hans de Vries.</p><p>mm wide, mesocarp orange. Seeds depressed globose, 17 by 22 mm, shallowly bilobed, smooth, brown; endosperm slightly transparent white.</p><p>Distribution — Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Ecology — Primary and secondary forest, in swamp or man- grove vegetation, on sandy soil; at 0–200 m altitude. Flowering: January, March, June, August to November.</p><p>Uses — Fruits are eaten by rodents (fide Wieringa 5044).</p><p>Vernacular names — Alenokue (Pahouin de Libreville) (fide Fleury in Chevalier 33649); Mungonga (fide Vermoesen 1189).</p><p>Other specimens examined. ANGOLA, Zaire, Lower Congo river, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.383333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.133333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.383333/lat -6.133333)">Santo Antonio do Zaire.</a> c. S6°08' E12°23', 14 Nov.1922, Gossweiler, J 8505 (K) . – BENIN, Ouémé, Adjarra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=2.6716666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.536667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 2.6716666/lat 6.536667)">Adjarra-Anagodomè</a>, N6°32.2' E2°40.3', 8 Feb.2000, Akoègninou, A 3090 (BENIN, BR, MO, WAG) . – CAMEROON, South-West, au delà de la rivière Banan, sur piste de Tabo à <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.116667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.7666664" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.116667/lat 5.7666664)">Agborkem</a>, c. N5°46' E9°07', 4 June 1975, Letouzey, R 13727 (K, P, WAG, YA) . – DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, Bas-Congo, Kinshasa, Lukula, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.066667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.633333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.066667/lat -5.633333)">Luki</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.066667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.633333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.066667/lat -5.633333)">vallée Lusona</a>, c. S5°38' E13°04', 1 June 1948, Donis, C 1787 (BR, WAG) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.616667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.9833336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.616667/lat -5.9833336)">Boma</a>,environs de Malela, c. S5°59' E12°37', 28 Dec. 1918, Vermoesen, FMC 1241 (BR, K, P) ; ibid., 23 Dec. 1918, Vermoesen, FMC 1189 (BR) . – GABON, Estuaire, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.466666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.466666/lat 0.65)">Moka creek</a>, E of Moudah River, N0°39' E9°28', alt. 5 m, 24 July 1985, Bos, JJ 10800 (WAG) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.433333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.41666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.433333/lat 0.41666666)">Alenokue</a>,environs de Libreville, c. N0°25' E9°26', May 1917, Fleury in Chevalier, AJB 33649 (LBV, P, WAG) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.334833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.57566667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.334833/lat 0.57566667)">Mondah</a> ecotour forest, N0°34.54' E9°20.09', alt. 53 m, 17 Mar. 2015, Damen, THJ 671 (BG NL07 -living plant, BR, LBV, WAG) ; Parc National de la Pongara, forêt c. 3 km au sud de la pointe <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.34&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.18" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.34/lat 0.18)">Kenguéré</a>, N0°10.8' E9°20.4', alt. 25 m, 16 Jan. 2007, Dauby, GV 95 (BRLU, MO) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.16666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.25/lat -0.16666667)">Ekouk</a>, piste du nouveau campement, S0°10' E10°15', 30 Sept. 1983, Floret, JJ 1576 (MO, P, WAG) ; Bord du Layon N 20 à 900 m de la route <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.366667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.56666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.366667/lat 0.56666666)">Cap Esterias</a>, forêt de la Mondah, N0°34' E9°22', 3 Dec. 1970, Gavage, A 7 (BR, K, WAG) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.466666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.43333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.466666/lat 0.43333334)">Mt Bouet</a>, N0°26' E9°28', 9 Aug. 1898, Klaine, T-J 162a (P, WAG) ; environs de Libreville, c. N0°25', E9°27', 1896, Klaine, T-J 400bis (BR, FHO, IFAN, P); ibid., 20 Aug. 1902, Klaine, T-J 455a (P);</p><p>Plate 5 Dracaena marina Bos ex Damen, coloured old infructescence; Damen 671. — Photo: THJ Damen.</p><p>Map 14 Distribution of Dracaena marina Bos ex Damen.</p><p>Malibé-mangrove, N0°36' E9°26', 2 Oct. 1985, Louis, AM 1829 (LBV,WAG); bord Remboué, S0°04' E9°45', alt. 5 m, 19 Dec. 1990, Louis, AM 3282 (LBV, MO,WAG); au platform de forage,Remboué, S10°13', E10°02', 21 Jan.1991, Louis, AM 3289 (LBV, MO, WAG); secondary forest, c. 15 km north of Libre- ville, N0°34' E9°21', 18 Mar. 1987, Reitsma, JM 3184 (LBV, MO, NY, WAG); Okala, north of Libreville, terrain de Montigny à Okala (Libreville), N0°29' E9°25',alt. 10 m, 12 Feb.2014, Stévart, TOBEB 4792 (BRLU, L, LBV, MO, P, WAG); road from Libreville to Cape Esterias, c. N0°31' E9°22', alt. 20 m, 21 Jan. 1993, Wilde, JJFE de 10885 (MO, WAG); Moyen-Ogooué, Missanga, 10–20 km N of Ndjolé, c. S0°05' E10°45', 13 Nov. 1991, Breteler, FJ 10449 (LBV, MO, WAG); SW de Lambaréné, Lac Ezanga, c. S1°00' E10°15', 29 May 1963, Hallé, N 2091 (P); Nyanga, forestry concession of Baker, 13 km NNE of Igotchi, S2°48.07' E10°31.45', alt. 200 m, 31 Oct. 2003, Wieringa, JJ 5044 (LBV, WAG); Ogooué-Maritime, Port Gentil, c. S0°43' E8°47', 11 Sept. 1968, Breteler, FJ s.n. (WAG-photo); Port Gentil, savane sur sable vers Tchengue, S0°50' E8°47', 23 June 1993, Louis, AM 4034 (LBV, WAG). – NIGERIA, Lagos, Flora Austro-Nigritina, S Nigeria, Lagos (Ikoyi), c. N6°27' E3°26', 26 Apr. 1950, Bels, L 89 (U); Lagos, c. N6°27' E3°23', Apr. 1883, Moloney, CA 2 (K). – REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, Kouilou, Kouilou, Tchissanga (10 km de Bas-Kouilou), c. S4°32' E11°47', 3 Jan. 1991, Dowsett-Lemaire, F 1500 (BR, WAG); Sounda, c. S4°05' E12°08', 7 Feb. 1987, Foresta, H de 1255 (P).</p><p>Notes — Although we have not been able to trace Stanfield FHI47067, Keay’s description of an unidentified arborescent Dracaena based on this specimen leaves little doubt that it is conspecific with D. marina . It also matches the location of other specimens of D. marina .</p><p>Dracaena marina can be confused with D. mannii since it keys out as such in Bos (1984, 1992), Mwachala &amp; Mbugua (2007) and La Croix (2010). It is easily distinguished from D. mannii by its flowers being less than half as long as those of D. mannii .</p><p>Plate 6 Dracaena marina Bos ex Damen, old specimen in inundated forest; Breteler &amp; Raalte s.n. — Photo: FJ Breteler.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152BC47DFCA6104BED81FB4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1529C47AFCA6167CEB4FFBFD.text	611E5F3A1529C47AFCA6167CEB4FFBFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena nitens Baker	<div><p>16. Dracaena nitens Welw. ex Baker — Map 15</p><p>Dracaena nitens Welw.ex Baker (1878) 252. — Lectotype (designated here): Welwitsch 3743 (lecto BM [BM000911615]), Angola, Zenza do Golungo Alto, Sept. 1857.</p><p>Dracaena reflexa Lam. var. buchneri Engl. (1902) 96. — Syntypes: Büttner 531 (B†), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dinga am Quango, Aug.1885; Buchner 684 (B†), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kehungula am Lovo und Mukinsh in Muata Yamvos-Reich, Nov. 1880, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena mannii, D. perrottetii and D. usambarensis are very similar to D. nitens and according to Bos (1984) even represent synonyms of the same species. However, D. nitens differs from the other species in having flowers 23–37 mm long and linear to narrowly elliptic leaves of up to only 1.5 cm wide, and is reinstated here.</p><p>The protologue of D. nitens does not cite any specimens, but it should be a plant collected by Welwitsch in Golungo Alto or Pungo Andongo, bearing flowers in September. The Welwitsch 3743 specimen deposited in BM carries a plant description in the hand of Baker. This description is obviously used as the basis for the description in the protologue of D. nitens . Also, on this sheet we find the annotation ‘Lectotype’ written by Bos. Therefore, we here follow Bos’s suggestion and have chosen this specimen as the lectotype for D. nitens . Although there are several other Welwitsch collections (at COI, G, K, LISU, P and WAG) bearing the number 3743, it is known that Welwitsch</p><p>Map 15 Distribution of Dracaena nitens Welw. ex Baker.</p><p>regularly gave plants collected on different dates and localities the same number (Albuquerque et al. 2009). Since there is no indication that the other sheets represent the same collection (actually, some bear a different date) these are disregarded as isolectotype material.</p><p>Both syntypes of D. reflexa var. buchneri could not be located at B, and are likely to have been destroyed. No duplicates could be found elsewhere, but it is still possible one may show up in, for example, LE or UC. Also, in the absence of any suit- able material to serve as a neotype, we have for the moment refrained from designating one. The analysis in the protologue and the location fit within the range of D. nitens, which is why we consider this variety to belong to that species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1529C47AFCA6167CEB4FFBFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152EC47AFFFC17E1ED64FE75.text	611E5F3A152EC47AFFFC17E1ED64FE75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena perrottetii Baker	<div><p>17. Dracaena perrottetii Baker — Map 16</p><p>Dracaena perrottetii Baker (1874) 165. — Lectotype (designated by Bos 1984): Perrottet 785 (lecto G [G00018458]; isolecto K, P (2 sheets), WAGspirit), Senegal, Casamance, 5 Apr. 1829.</p><p>Dracaena perrottetii Baker var. minor Baker (1875) 529. — Type: Heudelot s.n. (holo K [K000255907]; iso P [P 02152538, P 02152539]) (erroneously cited in Bos (1984) as Heudelot 2838), Guinea,Rio Nunez,1838, syn. nov.</p><p>Pleomele heudelotii N.E.Br. (1914) 278. — Type: as for D. perrottetii var. minor, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Senegal, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena nitens, D. mannii, and D. usambarensis are very similar to D. perrottetii and according to Bos (1984) are even synonyms of the same species. However, D. perrottetii</p><p>Map 16 Distribution of Dracaena perrottetii Baker.</p><p>differs from the other species in having subfalcate leaves usually wider than 1.5 cm, and is reinstated here.</p><p>Dracaena perrottetii var. minor was described from a plant with smaller leaves and a simple inflorescence. Studied material shows that leaves in D. perrottetii are polymorphic and that both branched and unbranched inflorescences occur even on the same plant. Therefore we do not recognise such a form as a distinct taxon.</p><p>Pleomele heudelotii was described based on the same material as D. perrottetii var. minor .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152EC47AFFFC17E1ED64FE75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152EC47BFCA61169E825FA1A.text	611E5F3A152EC47BFCA61169E825FA1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena sanderiana Mast. - Plate	<div><p>18. Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast. — Plate 7; Map 17</p><p>Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast. (4 June 1892) 731. — Neotype (designated here): Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 13: 445 (1893), f. 65 (iconotype).</p><p>Dracaena poggei Engl. (10 June 1892) 478. — Lectotype (designated here): Pogge 1434 (lecto B (B_10_0160840)), Democratic Republic of the Congo, am Lomami, 30 May 1882, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena vanderystii De Wild. (1915) 7. — Lectotype (designated here): Vanderyst 2003 (lecto BR (BR0000008807540)), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lazaret S. Jules, Wombali, Aug. 1913, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena sanderiana was first exhibited by Hort. Sander in Earl’s Court (1892), and published the same year with a description, but without illustration. Original material of the plant exhibited has not been traced and has probably not been conserved. One year later, D. sanderiana was exhibited by Hort. Sander in Ghent and an illustration was published in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, vol. 13 (1893). This illustration most likely represents the same plant as originally exhibited in 1892 and is hence chosen here as the neotype.</p><p>Dracaena sanderiana is an important indoor ornamental plant (Morsy &amp; Elshahawy 2016) also sold under the name D. braunii and ‘Lucky Bamboo’ (Aslam et al. 2013).According to The World</p><p>Plate 7 Iconotype Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 13: 445 (1893), f. 65.</p><p>Map 17 Distribution of Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast.</p><p>Checklist of Asparagaceae (Govaerts et al. 2017), D. sanderiana is a synonym of D. braunii, but unfortunately no reference is given to the origin of this information. We have not found any revision or flora that underlines this statement, although Baker (1898) stated that D. sanderiana is similar to D. braunii, he surely did not regard them as conspecific.</p><p>The flowers of D. sanderiana are 5 times longer than those of D. braunii, while the leaf base is not congested as in D. braunii . Here we treat them as distinct taxa.</p><p>The inflorescence of D. poggei fits well within the range of D. sanderiana and the type material represents nothing more than a non-variegated form of D. sanderiana . Reason why we do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon. Luckily, the publication of D. sanderiana predates that of D. poggei only by a few days, so that the first can be maintained for this important ornamental.</p><p>Dracaena vanderystii was described from a plant with comparatively narrow leaves. The inflorescence fits well within the range of D. sanderiana and observations in herbaria, in the field and on cultivated material all show that leaf shape within Dracaena is highly variable. Therefore, we do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon. In his unpublished PhD thesis, Mwachala (2005) designated the same lectotype for D. vanderystii, but stated it was to be found in P. This is probably a typo which is corrected here.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152EC47BFCA61169E825FA1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152FC47BFFFC1682EC59FE0A.text	611E5F3A152FC47BFFFC1682EC59FE0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena steudneri Engl.	<div><p>19. Dracaena steudneri Engl. — Map 18</p><p>Dracaena steudneri Engl. (1895) 143. — Type: Steudner 477 (holo B; iso BR-photo (BR0000009888289), S (S06-4677)), Ethiopia, Dschibba, 30 Nov. 1861.</p><p>Map 18 Distribution of Dracaena steudneri Engl.</p><p>Distribution — Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.</p><p>Note — The only material cited in the protologue is Steudner 477 from Dschibba, Gondar. Both Bos &amp; Teketay (1997) and Mwachala &amp; Mbugua (2007) cited the holotype as being destroyed in B. However, we found this specimen filed under Dracaena deisteliana Engl. in the herbarium in Berlin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152FC47BFFFC1682EC59FE0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152FC478FCA612B2EB73FF57.text	611E5F3A152FC478FCA612B2EB73FF57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena tholloniana Hua	<div><p>20. Dracaena tholloniana Hua — Map 19</p><p>Dracaena tholloniana Hua (1897) 662. — Type: Thollon 91 (holo P (P00442286); iso K-fragment &amp; drawing (K000255934), P (P00442285)), Gabon, Ogooué, N’Djolé, Jan. 1895.</p><p>Dracaena longipetiolata Mwachala &amp; Eb.Fisch. (2013) 442. — Type: Hallé &amp; Villiers 5362 (holo P [P02058236]), Gabon, Monts de Cristal, 12 km SW de Kinguélé, 18 Feb. 1966, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena monostachya Baker var. angolensis Baker (1898) 447. — Lecto- type (designated by Bos 1984): Welwitsch 3745 (lecto BM [BM000911609]), Angola, Golungo Alto, Apr. 1856, syn. nov.</p><p>Distribution — Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo,</p><p>Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena tholloniana is very similar to D. aubryana Brongn. ex É.Morren and are synonyms according to Bos (1984). Dracaena tholloniana is reinstated here, because it differs from D. aubryana in having flowers of only 8–13 mm long, subtended by 0.5–1 mm long bracts. Dracaena aubryana has flowers 23–38 mm long, with bracts of 1–1.5 mm long.</p><p>The protologue of D. tholloniana cites Thollon 31 as the type and states ‘Ndjolé, sur le haut Ogooué, sous-bois, fl. Janvier 1895 ’. However, at P, Thollon 31 represents an Asteraceae ( Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.) with a different date and location. Both Bos (1992) and Mwachala &amp; Mbugua (2007) cite Thollon 91 as the holotype for D. tholloniana but give no reason for this change in number. They probably, as we, assume it was a printing error. There are two duplicates of Thollon 91 at P (P00442286, P00442285), the specimen with barcode P00442286 matches the locality data and collecting date mentioned in the protologue and is annotated ‘ Dracaena tholloniana Hua’ in Hua’s handwriting.</p><p>Dracaena longipetiolata was described from a fruiting specimen with a long petiole. However, such long petioles are also found in specimens otherwise perfectly fitting within D. tholloniana, while intermediates also exist. Furthermore, the infructescence also fits within the range of D. tholloniana . Therefore, we do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon.</p><p>According to Bos (1984), Dracaena monostachya var. angolensis is synonym of D. aubryana s.lat. It was described from</p><p>Map 19 Distribution of Dracaena tholloniana Hua.</p><p>a plant with a short peduncle and leaves with a rounded base and long petiole. These characters fit those of D. tholloniana, as does the lectotype chosen earlier by Bos.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152FC478FCA612B2EB73FF57	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152CC478FFFC1249EAD1FB1C.text	611E5F3A152CC478FFFC1249EAD1FB1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena usambarensis Engl.	<div><p>21. Dracaena usambarensis Engl. — Map 20</p><p>Dracaena usambarensis Engl. (1895) 144. — Neotype (designated here): Volkens 65 (neo K-photo; isoneo BR-photo (BR0000021770135)), Tanza- nia, zw. Magali und dem Sigi, 24 Jan. 1893.</p><p>Dracaena gazensis Rendle (1911) 214. — Lectotype (designated here): Swynnerton 80 (lecto BM (BM000911614)), Zimbabwe, near Chirinda, 10 Oct. 1905, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena pseudoreflexa Mildbr. (in Mildbraed &amp; Perkins 1910) 63. — Lec- totype (designated here): Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. (1907–1908) Taf. V, G–K (iconotype), syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena brachythyrsa Peter in sched.</p><p>Dracaena usambarensis Engl. var. angustifolia Peter in sched.</p><p>Distribution — Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa.</p><p>Notes — Dracaena nitens, D. mannii, and D. perrottetii are very similar to D. usambarensis and according to Bos (1984) are synonyms of the same species. However, D. usambarensis is easily distinguished from the others by its large flowers of 40–55 mm long and is reinstated here.</p><p>Three syntypes of D. usambarensis are mentioned in the protologue: one collected at Quilimane (probably a Stuhlmann collection), Volkens 65 and Volkens 1938. We could not find this material in B and assume it was destroyed during the WWII bombing of the Berlin-Dahlem herbarium. The only material we could trace was found in K and BR and represent photos of the herbarium sheets Volkens 65 and Volkens 1938. We agree with Mildbraed (Mildbraed &amp; Perkins 1910) that Volkens 1938 belongs to D. afromontana Mildbr. and should be excluded. The photos of Volkens 65 match the description in the protologue and has been of great help in fixing the application of the name D. usambarensis . The photo in K is bigger and clearer than that in BR. Therefore, we have chosen the photo of Volkens 65 in K as the neotype of D. usambarensis .</p><p>Dracaena brachythyrsa is an unpublished name written on the label mounted on Peter 13906 deposited in B (B_10_0184055) and WAG (WAG.1154506).</p><p>The protologue of D. gazensis cites two syntypes with different locality data and collecting date, but with one collection number Swynnerton 80 and so a lectotype has to be assigned. Bos recognised this and annotated the BM specimen BM000911614 as lectotype but never formalized his choice. We agree with Bos that the BM specimen with both leaves and an inflorescence is most suited to serve as the lectotype. The other duplicate in BM, with different date, and the specimens in Z and K that carry</p><p>Map 20 Distribution of Dracaena usambarensis Engl.</p><p>a different number, Swynnerton 80a, are disregarded. We also disregard the specimen Swynnerton 80b from SRGH mentioned in Flora Zambesiaca as the holotype for D. gazensis (La Croix 2010), although we did not see material of this specimen .</p><p>Dracaena gazensis was described from a plant with the same inflorescence type, flower length and leaf shape as D. usambarensis . In the protologue, Rendle only compared D. gazensis with D. deremensis Engl.; he probably had not seen any material of D. usambarensis when describing his new species. The protologue of D. pseudoreflexa cites two syntypes, Mildbraed 2813 and Mildbraed 2175. Both specimens are probably lost at B during WWII and we could only trace photos of Mildbraed 2813 in K and BR. The drawing in the protologue is the only original material left and has enough detail to fix the application of this name; therefore we have chosen this drawing as a lectotype for D. pseudoreflexa .</p><p>Mwachala &amp; Mbugua (2007) cites a specimen Mildbraed 2813 deposited in B as the holotype of D. pseudoreflexa, hence ignoring the syntype Mildbraed 2175. We have not been able to trace Mildbraed 2813 in B .</p><p>Dracaena pseudoreflexa was described from a plant with small- er leaves than the typical D. usambarensis . Leaf shape within D. usambarensis is highly variable and intermediates also exist (Damen, pers. obs.). We do not recognise this form as a distinct taxon. Mildbraed also mentioned that the tube length equals the lobes in the flower of D. usambarensis compared to the lobes being shorter than the tube in D. pseudoreflexa . The protologue of D. usambarensis has no information about the length of the lobes and we only found specimens with lobes shorter than the tube.</p><p>Dracaena usambarensis var. angustifolia is an unpublished name written on the label mounted on Peter 18536 deposit- ed in B, BR [BR0000025334135] and WAG [WAG.1154504] [WAG.1154505].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152CC478FFFC1249EAD1FB1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152CC479FCA61781EBC2FDDF.text	611E5F3A152CC479FCA61781EBC2FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena viridiflora Engl. & K. Krause	<div><p>22. Dracaena viridiflora Engl. &amp; K.Krause — Map 21</p><p>Dracaena viridiflora Engl. &amp; K.Krause (1910) 153. — Type: Zenker 3223 (holo B (B_10_0160837); iso BM, BR, G, K, MICH, WU), Cameroon, Bipindihof, July 1904.</p><p>Dracaena letestui Pellegr. (1930) 571. — Type: Le Testu 1376 (holo P (P00442292); iso BR, P (2 sheets) (P00442291, P00442290), WAG), Gabon, Boumé-Boumé, 28 Aug. 1908, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena mildbraedii K. Krause (1914) 447. — Type: Mildbraed 4976 (holo B (B_10_0160841); iso HBG (HBG-513964)), Cameroon, Bezirk Molundu, zwischen Jukaduma (Posten Plehn) und Assobam, 14°36'-14°10'Ö.L. 3°24'N.B., 17 Apr.1911, syn. nov.</p><p>Dracaena ledermannii Engl.&amp; K.Krause (1910) 152. — Neotype (designated here): Ledermann 6119 (neo B (B 10 0715949)), Cameroon, zwischen Boëck und Bare, 14 Nov. 1909, syn. nov.</p><p>Map 21 Distribution of Dracaena viridiflora Engl. &amp; K.Krause.</p><p>Distribution — Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola (Cabinda).</p><p>Notes — Both D. letestui and D. mildbraedii were described from plants with long linear leaves. From observations in the herbarium and during fieldwork, we have observed leaves of D. viridiflora to be extremely variable even on the same plant. Therefore, we do not recognise these forms as distinct taxa.</p><p>The type specimen of D. ledermannii, Ledermann 1483, the only specimen cited in the protologue, was probably lost at B during WWII. However, B also holds the specimen Ledermann 6119, which is annotated by Krause (S. Bollendorff &amp; P. Hiepko, pers. comm.) as D. ledermannii and fits the description provided in the protologue. We have identified it as belonging to D. viridiflora and chosen that specimen as the neotype for D. ledermannii .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152CC479FCA61781EBC2FDDF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A152DC466FCA613CCED8AFD12.text	611E5F3A152DC466FCA613CCED8AFD12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena wakaensis Damen & Quiroz 2018	<div><p>23. Dracaena wakaensis Damen &amp; Quiroz, sp. nov. — Fig. 4; Plate 8; Map 22</p><p>Dracaena wakaensis is very similar to Dracaena phanerophlebia Baker and D. phrynioides . The inflorescence is less densely capitate,while the seeds in D. wakaensis are regularly ellipsoid and not lobed as those of D. phanerophlebia, nor horned as in D. phrynioides . When sterile, it differs from both in its shorter stem and smaller leaves. It resembles Dracaena praetermissa Bos from West Africa and has the same raceme shape, but the fruits of the latter are horned, and the peduncle is scabrid. — Type: Quiroz-Villarreal et al. 1782 (holo WAG (WAG.1924698); iso LBV), Gabon, Ngounié Prov., Département de Tsamba-Magotsi, District d’Ikobey, Tranquille, S1°03.33' E11°04.15', alt. 751 m, 11 Oct. 2012.</p><p>Etymology. The type was collected by Ms DK (Diana) Quiroz-Villarreal, at the edge of Parc National de Waka.</p><p>Fig. 4 Dracaena wakaensis Damen &amp; Quiroz. a.Habit; b. old inflorescence;c.flower;d. infructescence (a–b: Quiroz-Villarreal 1782; c: Louis, AM 2749). — Draw- ing by Kinga Berdysz.</p><p>Plate 8 Dracaena wakaensis Damen &amp; Quiroz, showing leaf variegation; Damen 610. — Photo: THJ Damen.</p><p>Subshrub of up to c. 70 cm high, single-stemmed; stem usually unbranched, prostrate, to c. 5 cm high. Leaves up to 4, in a rosette; pseudopetiole erect, slender, up to 52 cm long, terete, dark green, margin involute, abruptly extended into a short c. 1 cm long dark green to violet sheathing base, clasping the stem for more than its circumference; lamina ovate to broadly ovate, to 23 by 11 cm, coriaceous, plicate, above glossy and uni- formly dark green, below paler green, both surfaces variegated with transversely orientated greenish yellow to white round to oval dots, midrib inconspicuous, with up to c. 8 parallel nerves impressed above and prominent below, remaining nerves and venation inconspicuous, but conspicuous in herbarium specimens, base rounded, leaf tip declinate,broadly cuspidate,mucro c. 4 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, erect; peduncle smooth, c. 7 cm long; raceme c. 3 cm long; bracts up to 6, early cadu- cous, broadly triangular to cymbiform, 10 by 8 mm, with aristate tip of up to 6 mm long, scarious, distally decreasing in size, sheathing at the base of the inflorescence to amplexicaul at its apex. Flower: pedicel up to 5.5 mm long, articulated near the apex; old dried flower 20 mm long, colour unknown, tube 6 mm long; filaments and anthers not seen; ovary ovoid, up to 4 by 2 mm, style not seen. Fruits depressed globose, up to 15 by 20 mm, shallowly 1–3-lobed, bright orange-red. Seeds ellipsoid, c. 7.5 by 5 mm, with a smooth testa.</p><p>Distribution — Endemic to Gabon, only known from the Ngounié province.</p><p>Ecology — Growing in old secondary forest and on relatively dry forested slope near waterfall; at 700–950 m altitude. Oc- casionally forming a population covering several square meters.</p><p>Map 22 Distribution of Dracaena wakaensis Damen &amp; Quiroz.</p><p>Flowering period unknown, but old inflorescence in September; fruiting in February.</p><p>Uses — Numerous bunches planted at 1 by 1 m by village women ‘pour faire faro’ (fide Hallé &amp; Cours Darne 5982); the most important plant of Boo women initiation rites (fide Quiroz-Villarreal et al. 1782).</p><p>Vernacular name — Endo (Babongo) (fide Quiroz-Villarreal et al. 1782).</p><p>Other specimens examined. GABON, Ngounié, piste de Massima à Moum- ba, env. d’Etéké, c. S1°24' E11°35', alt. 700–800 m, 17 May 1963, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.766666/lat -1.65)">Hallé</a>, N 5982 (P); route Mimongo-Mbigou à 5 km du village Ibaga vers Mbigou, vers montagne Ngangilè, S1°40' E11°48', alt. 950 m, 13 Feb. 1988, Louis, AM 2749 (LBV, WAG); missionary station at Mouyanama, c. 15 km on the road Mimongo - Mbigou (60 km along the road from Mbigou), waterfall at c. 45 min. walking distance above the mission compound, c. S1°39' E11°46', alt. 700 m, 9 Feb. 1983, Wilde (WALK-B), JJFE de 481 (WAG); culta in ‘green- house’ WAG (leg. Quiroz-Villarreal, DK, 1782, 11 Oct. 2012, département de Tsamba-Magotsi, district d’Ikobey, Tranquille, S1°03.33' E11°04.15', alt. 751 m), Nov. 2012, Damen, THJ 610 (WAG) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A152DC466FCA613CCED8AFD12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1532C467FCA61188E813F85B.text	611E5F3A1532C467FCA61188E813F85B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena waltersiae Damen. Plate 2018	<div><p>24. Dracaena waltersiae Damen, sp. nov. — Plate 9, 10; Map 23</p><p>Dracaena waltersiae is similar to D. laxissima, but it differs from that species in having petioles of only 2–3 mm long, a racemose inflorescence, flowers of 27–28 mm long with pedicel of only 6–9 mm. In D. laxissima the petiole is 5–12 mm, the inflorescence is paniculate, flowers are 16–20 mm long and have a slender pedicel of 11–21 mm. — Type: Walters &amp; Niangadouma 1271 (holo MO; iso LBV (LBV0002600), WAG (WAG0102272)), Gabon, Haut-Ogooué Prov., Plateaux Batéké National Park,Mpassa River drainage, Kalahari Sands, Projet Protection des Gorilles, ‘Okeli Forest’ trail M, S2°08' E14°04', alt. 420 m, 3 Mar. 2003.</p><p>Etymology. Dracaena waltersiae honours Mrs Gretchen Walters who has collected the type and brought the plant to my attention. With her work, notably that on the Plateaux Batéké,she has made a substantial contribution to our knowledge of the flora of Gabon.</p><p>Lianescent shrub or tree of up to 10 m high; bark grey and slightly longitudinally fissured, without resin; branches with internodes of (0.4–)1.5–3(–4) cm. Leaves evenly distributed along the branches, distichously arranged; pseudopetiole c. 2–3 mm long, distinctly darker than the lamina, scariously winged, its base widened and clasping the stem for 0.5–0.7 times its circumference; lamina subfalcate, elliptic to oblanceolate, up to 14 by 3 cm, apex acute to acuminate, mucro 1 mm long, base attenuate, thinly coriaceous, midrib impressed above, prominent beneath, secondary nerves not evident above, prominent beneath. Inflorescence terminal or subaxillary, racemose, to c. 30 cm long, occasionally with a few branches; peduncle smooth, fluorescent orange, with fascicles of up to c. 4 flowers, each fascicle subtended by a small triangular, scarious, caducous, brown bract, of up to 4 mm long. Flower:</p><p>Map 23 Distribution of Dracaena waltersiae Damen. Plate 9 Dracaena waltersiae Damen, scan of herbarium sheet showing infructescence and leaf arrangement; Walters 1072.</p><p>pedicel 6–9 mm long, articulating at c. 1 mm from the apex, green-white, purplish near the apex; floral bracts inconspicuous, triangular, up to c. 1 mm long, scarious; perianth c. 27–28 mm long, with a pleasant odour, lobes 16–17 by 1.5 mm; stamens inserted near the throat, up to 4 mm shorter than the lobes, filaments filiform, anthers c. 2 by 1 mm; style exserted for up to 1 mm, stigma capitate, c. 0.9 mm diam. Fruits 1–3-seeded, depressed globose, c. 16 by 20 mm (in herbarium), red-brown; receptacle 3 by 2 mm. Seeds not seen.</p><p>Distribution — Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo.</p><p>Ecology — Edge savanna with forest, flooded forest, gallery forest, dry forest on white sand, Kalahari Sands, 50 m from edge of forest. Palisota and Memecylon in closed understory; at 400–620 m altitude. Flowering in March and April.</p><p>Other specimens examined. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, Haut-Mbomou, region d’Obo, PK 57, route de Zémio, c. N5°20' E26°27', 31 Dec. 1963, Descoings, BM 12233 (MPU, P); ibid., 31 Dec. 1963, Descoings, BM 12238 (P) . – GABON, Haut-Ogooué, Parc National des Plateaux Batéké,forêt proche du Bai Jobo (1.5 km), S2°13' E13°50', 6 June 2005, Niangadouma, R 536 (MO); Batéké Plateau, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.068334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.068334/lat -2.1216667)">Mpassa River watershed</a>, station of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.068334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.068334/lat -2.1216667)">Projet de Protection des Gorilles</a>, S2°08' E14°04',alt. 400 m, 4 Dec. 2001, Walters, GM 1072 (MO, WAG); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.068334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.068334/lat -2.1216667)">Plateaux Batéké National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.068334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.068334/lat -2.1216667)">Mpassa River</a> drainage, S2°07.3' E14°04.1', alt. 460 m, 27 Feb. 2003, Walters, GM 1138 (MO, WAG); ibid., S2°07.3' E14°04.1', alt. 460 m, 27 Feb. 2003, Walters, GM 1147 (LBV, MO, WAG) . – REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, Pool, Pays Batéké, de Brazzaville à <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.283334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.283334/lat -4.25)">St. Joseph du Nkoué</a> [= Kibouendé], S4°09' E14°54', 29 July 1912, Chevalier, AJB 27333 (P); environs de Brazzaville, c. S4°15' E15°17', 10 Feb. 1971, Makany, L 1686 (P) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1532C467FCA61188E813F85B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1534C460FD1B17E3EC7DFB52.text	611E5F3A1534C460FD1B17E3EC7DFB52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dracaena perrottetii var. minor Baker 1875	<div><p>var. minor Baker 17 wakaensis Damen &amp; Quiroz 23 poggei Engl. 18 waltersiae Damen 24 pseudoreflexa Mildbr. 21 Lucky Bamboo 18 reflexa Lam. var. buchneri Engl. 16 Pleomele heudelotii N.E.Br. 17</p><p>Sansevieria longifolia Welw. 1</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1534C460FD1B17E3EC7DFB52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
611E5F3A1534C460FD1B102CEC55FBD2.text	611E5F3A1534C460FD1B102CEC55FBD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	fm. aureilicia Wiland & Q. Luke	<div><p>forma aureilicia Wiland &amp; Q. Luke 13 silvatica Hua 6 ledermannii Engl. &amp; K.Krause 22 soyauxiana Baker 9 letestui Pellegr. 22 steudneri Engl. 19 litoralis Mwachala &amp; Eb.Fisch. 4 talbotii Rendle 3 longipetiolata Mwachala &amp; Eb.Fisch. 20 tessmannii Engl. &amp; K.Krause 14 mannii Baker 14 tholloniana Hua 20 marina Bos ex Damen 15 thomensis Dandy 12 mildbraedii K.Krause 22 usambarensis Engl. 21 monostachya Baker var. angolensis Baker 20 var. angustifolia Peter 21 nitens Welw. ex Baker 16 var. longifolia De Wild. 14 oddonii De Wild. 6 vanderystii De Wild. 18 perrottetii Baker 17 viridiflora Engl. &amp; K.Krause 22</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/611E5F3A1534C460FD1B102CEC55FBD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Damen, T. H. J.;Burg, W. J. van der;Wiland-Szymańska, J.;Sosef, M. S. M.	Damen, T. H. J., Burg, W. J. van der, Wiland-Szymańska, J., Sosef, M. S. M. (2018): Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae). Blumea 63 (1): 31-53, DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2018.63.01.05
