identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
537887ABFFD2FFA4FF7CF953FC81F8EE.text	537887ABFFD2FFA4FF7CF953FC81F8EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Key to six currently recognized subgenera of Passiflora</p><p>1 Plants dioecious, with differences in the size of the gynoecium and/or androecium and/or in the number of parts of the gynoecium and presence/absence of nectariferous disk between plants of different sexes; hypanthium flat, petals and sepals (3)4 or (4)5, stamens 4 ( P. tetrandra) or variable number, (3) 4–5 in P. aurantioides (K.Schum.) Krosnick or 6–8 in P. kuranda Krosnick &amp; A.J.Ford, bracts 2, minute; leaves simple, entire, ocelli present; pollen 6-colporate, polar area very small, amb subcircular. Species exclusively native to Oceania .............................. Tetrapathea (DC.) P.S.Green – Plants monoecious; nectariferous disk absent and / or present, hypanthium flat to tubular, petals and sepals 5 (petals rarely absent), stamens 5, bracts (2)3, minute to foliaceous; leaves simple or compound, lobed or entire, ocelli present or not; pollen 6- or 12-colpate or 6- or 12-colporate or 6-syncolporate or 5–10-, 12-, or 14-syncolpate, polar area very small, small or large, amb circular, subcircular to subtriangular. Species native to the Americas, Asia, or Oceania ............................... 2</p><p>2 Tendrils branched; leaves simple, entire, ocelli absent; hypanthium shortly campanulate to campanulate; pollen 6-syncolporate or 6-colporate, amb subcircular or subtriangular. Species exclusively native to the Americas ............................................................................. Tryphostemmatoides (Harms) Killip</p><p>– Tendrils simple (rarely absent); leaves simple or compound, entire or lobed, ocelli present or absent; hypanthium shortly campanulate to campanulate, cylindrical to cylindrical-campanulate or funnelform; pollen 6- or 12-colpate or 6- or 12-colporate or 5–10-, 12-, or 14-syncolpate, amb circular to subtriangular. Species native to the Americas, Asia, or Oceania .................................................. 3</p><p>3 Leaves simple, entire, ocelli absent; petiolar glands 2, sessile, concave, near or at the apex or at the junction with the leaf blade on the abaxial surface; styles 3; pollen 6-colporate, colpi short or long, endoapertures lalongate. Species exclusively native to the Americas ........... Astrophea (DC.) Mast.</p><p>– Leaves simple or compound, lobed or entire, ocelli present or absent; petiolar glands (0)2–many, sessile or stipulate, never on the abaxial surface; styles 3(4); pollen 6- or 12-colpate or 6- or 12-colporate or 5–10-, 12-, or 14-syncolpate, colpi long, endoapertures often lolongate or absent or lalongate or circular. Species native to the Americas, Asia, or Oceania ............................................................... 4</p><p>4 Leaves simple and entire with tendrils bearing an adhesive disk or leaves 3- or 5–7(9)-compound; ocelli absent; styles/stigmas 4; pollen 6-colporate, colpi narrow, amb subcircular or subtriangular. Species exclusively native to the Americas ......................................... Deidamioides (Harms) Killip</p><p>– Leaves simple, lobed or entire, tendrils without adhesive disk (present only in P. obovata Killip ex Standl.); ocelli present or absent; styles/stigmas 3; pollen grains 6- or 12-colpate or 6- or 12-colporate or 5–10-, 12-, or 14-syncolpate, colpi narrow or wide, amb circular or subcircular. Species native to the Americas, Asia, or Oceania ......................................................................................................... 5</p><p>5 Stipules foliaceous (rarely minute); petiolar glands (0)2–many; bracts well developed, often verticillate (rarely minute or alternate); hypanthium campanulate, cylindrical, cylindrical-campanulate, funnelform, or flat; corona 1–many-seriate, whitish, purple, violet, pink, red, or a combination of these colors; operculum smooth (plicate in the series Kermesinae), entire or filamentous at the apex; pollen 6-colpate or 5–10-, 12-, or 14-syncolpate, endoapertures absent. Species exclusively native to the Americas ............................................................................................................... Passiflora L.</p><p>– Stipules minute (rarely foliaceus); petiolar glands 2 or absent; bracts minute, alternate; hypanthium flat, very rarely campanulate or tapered; corona 1–2-seriate, whitish or banded red or purple, operculum plicate; pollen 12-colpate or 6- or 12-colporate, endoapertures often lolongate or lalongate or circular. Species native to the Americas, Asia, or Oceania ........................................... Decaloba (DC.) Rchb.</p><p>Using morphological and palynological characters (Figs 2–12) and published data, it was possible to construct descriptions (detailed below) and determine the distribution of species within subgenera (Supp. file 2). A total of 615 currently accepted species were listed, including 3 additions to the reference list, 48 synonyms, 30 unpublished names, 1 dubious name, 6 new combinations (taxa not currently at species status), and 3 hybrids excluded (Supp. file 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFD2FFA4FF7CF953FC81F8EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFD0FFA7FDD6FE77FE04FA4F.text	537887ABFFD0FFA7FDD6FE77FE04FA4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Astrophea (DC.) Mast.</p><p>Figs 2–3</p><p>Passiflora subgenus Astrophea (DC.) Mast. (Masters 1871: 629). — Passiflora section Astrophea DC. (de Candolle 1822: 435).</p><p>(69 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender to woody, shrubs, or trees; monoecious; tendrils absent or present (in most species), entire, without adhesive disks; stipules minute, most often deciduous; glands 2, at or near the apex or on the abaxial surface at the leaf–petiole junction; leaves simple, entire, ocelli absent; main rib 1; inflorescences 1-flowered, 2-flowered, or racemose; bracts 3, minute, most often deciduous; hypanthium cylindrical, cylindrical-campanulate, funnelform, or campanulate; flowers whitish, yellowish-orange, pink, or orange to reddish-orange, corona of the same color; sepals 5; petals 5; corona with (1)2–many series of filaments; operculum erect or flexed, tubular or not, papillate or not, fimbriate, lacerate, laciniate, flabellate; nectariferous disk absent; limen absent; trochlea present or absent, stamens 5; styles 3, stigmas 3; fruit a berry (Fig. 2).</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium or large; isopolar; subprolate, oblate-spheroidal, or prolate-spheroidal; polar area small or large; amb subcircular, circular, or subtriangular; 6-colporate; colpi short or long, narrow or wide; endoapertures 3, lalongate, one for each pair of colpi; pontopercula 3; mesocolpia 3; sexine diversely ornamented, intectate (granulate-baculate-spinulose), partially tectate, muri around apertures in higher or lower amounts; sexine duplicolumellate, with lumina lacking; pila and bacula present and very conspicuous or pila densely distributed and conspicuous and bacula sparsely distributed, or semitectate (muri continuous or discontinuous, simplicolumellate or duplicolumellate; lumina large (11.3–24.5 µm) or small (1.2–8.6 µm); bacula and/or pila present or absent). Sexine thicker than nexine, total exine 1.9–7.6 µm (Fig. 3).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFD0FFA7FDD6FE77FE04FA4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFD0FFABFE09FA6FFD10FD5D.text	537887ABFFD0FFABFE09FA6FFD10FD5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Tryphostemmatoides (Harms) Killip</p><p>Fig. 4A–F</p><p>Passiflora subgenus Tryphostemmatoides (Harms) Killip (Killip 1938: 24). — Passiflora section Tryphostemmatoides Harms (Harms 1925: 500).</p><p>(6 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender to woody; monoecious; tendrils branched (2–4), adhesive disks present or absent; stipules minute (0.2–3 × 0.1–1 mm), sometimes deciduous; glands 0–2–4–6, at the petiole apex at the leaf-petiole junction; leaves simple, entire; main rib 1; ocelli absent; inflorescences 1- or 2-flowered, ending or not in a tendril, bracts 2–3, usually minute (0.5–2 × &lt;0.1 mm), long in P. tryphostemmatoides (8–12 mm) and P. arbelaezii L.Uribe (5–13 mm), in which it can be wide (&lt;5 mm), bracteoles present or absent; hypanthium shortly campanulate to campanulate; flowers greenish, yellowish-green, with corona banded white and yellow or yellow-orange, apex white; sepals 5; petals 5; corona with 1–3 series of filaments; operculum plicate, smooth, or laciniate, erect, membranaceous; nectariferous disk present (not described for P. nebulosae J.Restrepo &amp; Ocampo); limen cupuliform to anneliform, membranaceous; trochlea present or absent in most species, stamens 5; styles 3, stigmas 3; fruit a berry.</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium or large; isopolar; oblate, subprolate, or prolate-spheroidal; polar area very small; amb subcircular or subtriangular; 6-syncolporate or 6-colporate, colpi long and wide; endoapertures 3, lalongate, one for each pair of colpi, or endoapertures 6, circular, one for each colpus; pontopercula 3 and mesocolpia 3 or pontopercula 3 and pseudopercula 3; sexine semitectate (muri continuous, simplicolumellate, lumina small (0.5–2.3 µm); bacula absent). Sexine as thick as or less thick than nexine, total exine 2.1–3.0 µm (Fig. 4A–F).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFD0FFABFE09FA6FFD10FD5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFDCFFABFE32FD7FFB79F986.text	537887ABFFDCFFABFE32FD7FFB79F986.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Deidamioides (Harms) Killip</p><p>Figs 5–6</p><p>Passiflora subgenus Deidamioides (Harms) Killip (Killip 1938: 25). — Passiflora section Deidamioides Harms (Harms 1923: 58).</p><p>(6 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender to woody; monoecious; tendrils missing or present (in most species), entire, adhesive disks present or absent; stipules minute (0.1–4 × 0.1–2 mm); glands 2–4–6, at the base of the lamina, below the lamina, near the base or middle of the petiole, or distributed in pairs near the petiole; leaves single, entire, or 5–9-composite; ocelli absent; main rib 1; inflorescences 1-flowered, 2-flowered, or racemose; bracts 3, very narrow (up to 2 mm), generally short (up to 5(7) mm) but longer in P. contracta Vitta (up to 20 mm), bracteoles present; hypanthium shortly campanulate, campanulate to infundibuliform; flowers whitish, white-green, yellow, with corona whitish to yellowish, reddish, lilac, and orange; sepals 5; petals 5; corona with 2–5 series of filaments; operculum plicate or not, apex laciniate, fimbriate; nectariferous disk present or absent; limen tubular, cupuliform, membranaceous; trochlea present or absent, stamens 5; styles 3–4, stigmas 3–4; fruit a berry (Fig. 5).</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium or large; isopolar; subprolate, oblate-spheroidal, or prolate-spheroidal; polar area small; amb subcircular or subtriangular; 6-colporate; colpi long and narrow; endoapertures 3, lalongate, one for each pair of colpi or endoapertures 6, circular, one for each colpus; pontopercula 3, mesocolpia 3; sexine semitectate (muri continuous or discontinuous, simplicolumellate; lumina small (1.0–10.4 µm); bacula present). Sexine as thick as or thicker than nexine, total exine 2.4–5.6 µm (Fig. 6).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFDCFFABFE32FD7FFB79F986	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFDCFFACFDA2F929FD37FD14.text	537887ABFFDCFFACFDA2F929FD37FD14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Passiflora</p><p>Figs 7–9</p><p>(287 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender to woody; monoecious; tendrils entire, adhesive disks absent; stipules minute to foliaceous in most species; glands (0)2–many, distributed across the petiole; leaves simple, entire to lobed in most species; ocelli absent; main ribs 3; inflorescences 1-flowered (in most species), 2-flowered, racemose, or cymose; bracts 3, minute to well-developed in most species, bracteoles absent; hypanthium campanulate, cylindrical, cylindrical-campanulate, funnelform, or patelliform; flowers whitish, purple, violet, pink, red, or their combination, with corona presenting these colors and colored bands; sepals 5; petals 5; corona with 1–20 series of filaments; operculum present, curved or erect, filamentous at the apex; nectariferous disk present, rarely inconspicuous or absent; limen absent, annular, membranaceous, or cupuliform; trochlea absent in most species, stamens 5; styles 3, stigmas 3; fruit a berry (Figs 7–8).</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium, large, or very large; isopolar or non-polar; when isopolar, oblate-spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, suboblate, or prolate; polar area small or large; amb circular; 6-colpate, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 12-, and / or 14-syncolpate, colpi long and narrow or wide; endoaperture absent; pseudopercula 3, 5–10, 12, 14, pontopercula 0 or 3; sexine semitectate (muri continuous, simplicolumellate, or duplicolumellate; lumina large (11.1–16.1 µm) or small (4.4–10.6 µm); bacula numerous). Sexine thicker or less thick than nexine, total exine 6.0–16.2 µm (Fig. 9).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFDCFFACFDA2F929FD37FD14	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFDBFFACFDDAFD45FD38F9C9.text	537887ABFFDBFFACFDDAFD45FD38F9C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Decaloba (DC.) Rchb.</p><p>Figs 10–11</p><p>Passiflora subgenus Decaloba (DC.) Rchb. (Reichenbach 1828: 132). — Passiflora section Decaloba DC. (de Candolle 1822: 435).</p><p>(244 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender; monoecious; tendrils present, entire, adhesive disks absent; stipules minute; glands 2, present or absent on the petiole; leaves simple, entire, or 2–3-lobed in most species; ocelli present or absent; main ribs 3; inflorescences 1-flowered, 2-flowered, or cymose; bracts 3, minute, bracteoles absent; hypanthium flat; flowers yellow-green to white or reddish, corona with red or purplish bands; sepals 5; petals 0 or 5; corona with 1 or 2 series of filaments; operculum plicate; nectariferous disk present or absent; limen annular, lobulate, recurved, or cuculiform; trochlea absent, stamens 5; styles 3, stigmas 3; fruit a berry or a fleshy capsule (Fig. 10).</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium to large; isopolar; subprolate, oblate-spheroidal, prolate, or prolate-spheroidal; polar area very small or small; amb circular; 6-colporate, 12-colporate, or 12-colpate; colpi long and narrow or wide; endoapertures 0, 6, or 12, lolongate (in most species), lalongate or circular; opercula 0, 3, 6, or 12, pseudopercula 0, 3, or 6, pontopercula 0 or 3, and/or mesocolpia 3 or 6; sexine semitectate (muri continuous, simplicolumellate; lumina small (0.7–8.7 µm); bacula present or absent). Sexine thicker than nexine, total exine 1.0–5.6 µm (Fig. 11).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFDBFFACFDDAFD45FD38F9C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
537887ABFFDBFFB5FE35F9E0FEF9FEB8.text	537887ABFFDBFFB5FE35F9E0FEF9FEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Passiflora	<div><p>Passiflora subgenus Tetrapathea (DC.) P.S.Green</p><p>Fig. 4G–O</p><p>Passiflora subgenus Tetrapathea (DC.) P.S.Green (Green 1972: 552). — Passiflora section Tetrapathea DC. (de Candolle 1822: 435).</p><p>(3 spp.)</p><p>Taxonomic description</p><p>Vines slender to woody; dioecious plants, with differences in the size of the gynoecium and/or androecium and/or in the number of parts of the gynoecium and presence/absence of nectariferous disk between plants of different sex; tendrils entire, adhesive disks absent; stipules minute (0.25–3 × 0.25–1 mm); glands 0–2(–4) on the lower half or third of the petiole; leaves simple, entire; ocelli present; main rib 1; inflorescences with (1)2–4(5) axes, 2–6(8–16)-flowered (rarely 1-flowered); bracts 2, small (1–2(4) × 0.25–1 mm), bracteoles absent; hypanthium flat; flowers whitish to whitish-greenish, with corona whitish to yellow or whitish-greenish; sepals (3)4 or (4)5, petals (3)4 or (4)5; corona with 2 series of filaments; operculum absent or present, when present, erect, membranaceous, apex fimbriate; nectariferous disk present, absent only in male flowers of P. tetrandra; limen present or absent; trochlea absent, stamens 4 or variable number, (3)4–5 or 6–8, between species; styles 2–7, stigmas 2–7, variable within and between species; fruit a berry.</p><p>Pollen description</p><p>Pollen grains medium or large; isopolar; subprolate; polar area very small; amb subcircular; 6-colporate; colpi long to very long and wide; endoapertures 3, lalongate, one for each pair of colpi; pontopercula 3, mesocolpia 3; sexine semitectate (muri continuous, simplicolumellate, or duplicolumellate; lumina small (4.2–8.0 µm); bacula present). Sexine as thick as or thicker than nexine, total exine 2.1–4.2 µm (Fig. 4G–O).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/537887ABFFDBFFB5FE35F9E0FEF9FEB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina;Bernacci, Luís Carlos;Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas;Cruz, Priscila de Freitas;Pacheco, Georgia;Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira;Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania	Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira, Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania (2025): Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics. European Journal of Taxonomy 981: 239-264, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.981.2829, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2829/12905
