taxonID	type	description	language	source
1D3087E591622625C614AA361486F9E8.taxon	description	However, while studying the specimens of Pliopentalagus spp. from Dajushan, in Anhui Province, China, CJ and YT recognized that the enamel patterns of not only p 3 but also p 4 – m 2 are quite similar to Aztlanolagus, and that one of the p 4 – m 2 specimen of Aztlanolagus possesses a small AER (Winkler and Tomida 1988: fig. 2 B) as seen in Pliopentalagus from Dajushan. In fact, except for the size, Pl. huainanensis and Aztlanolagus agilis are very similar in (1) general form of five reentrant angles and general outline of p 3, (2) all the specimens possess an enamel lake at the position of PIR (as demonstrated below), (3) general form of enamel crenulations of the anterior wall of the talonid on p 4 – m 2, and (4) some specimens possess an AER on p 4 – m 2 (see Text-figs 3, 4). Thus, we propose that Aztlanolagus be p 3 p 4 – m 2 Pentalagus furnessi (Recent) b a Pl. anhuiensis (Late Pliocene) d e f Pl. dajushanensis (Early Pliocene) g h i j Pl. huainanensis (latest Miocene) k l m n 0 1 2 3 4 mm synonymized with Pliopentalagus, but retain A. agilis as a valid species because of its obvious smaller size.	en	Tomida, Yukimitsu, Jin, Chang-Zhu, Winkler, Alisa J., Oshima, Mitsuharu (2024): Aztlanolagus Revisited And The Dynamic Evolution Of Pliopentalagus (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) In The Holarctic Region. Fossil Imprint 80 (2): 229-238, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2024.018
1D3087E591652620C535AE23172AFE91.taxon	description	The geologic age of Ivanovce is currently correlated with the Early Pliocene (late Ruscinian, MN 15 b) (Čermák and Wagner 2013). We follow the descriptions of Pl. dietrichi by Daxner and Fejfar (1967) and do not repeat them here. We examined the condition of PIR (either enamel lake or open reentrant angle) on p 3 and noted presence / absence of AER on p 4 – m 2, based on the literature (Fejfar 1961, Daxner and Fejfar 1967). There are seven adult p 3 s, all of which are illustrated in Fejfar (1961: fig. 2 a – d) and Daxner and Fejfar (1967: fig. 1 a – c). Six of them possess PIR, instead of an enamel lake, and one (No. 65139, paratype) possesses PIR and PER connected, but PIR is still an open reentrant angle. Thus, counting No. 65139 as having an open PIR, all seven specimens possess PIR, and none have an enamel lake (0 %). Daxner and Fejfar (1967) listed 25 p 4 – m 2 adult specimens, including those in the mandible and isolated. Although not all the specimens are illustrated, 13 are and none of them have an AER. In addition, Fejfar (1961) and Daxner and Fejfar (1967) describe tooth morphology in detail, but they never mention the presence of AER. Thus, we conclude that Pl. dietrichi does not possess AER on p 4 – m 2 (0 %) (Tab. 1). One of the reviewers supported our conclusion by mentioning that he never found AER in p 4 – m 2 out of a complete type series (Čermák, pers. comm., Sept. 9, 2024). One specimen (No. 651377; Daxner and Fejfar 1967: fig. 4 a), a partial maxilla with dentition, shows the position of the palatal fossa, but the entire palatal bridge is not preserved. Thus, the length / width ratio of the palatal bridge is not available.	en	Tomida, Yukimitsu, Jin, Chang-Zhu, Winkler, Alisa J., Oshima, Mitsuharu (2024): Aztlanolagus Revisited And The Dynamic Evolution Of Pliopentalagus (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) In The Holarctic Region. Fossil Imprint 80 (2): 229-238, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2024.018
1D3087E591662620C6C1AA5913B8F9BA.taxon	description	Ty p e s p e c i e s. Pliopentalagus moldaviensis GUREEV et KONKOVA in GUREEV, 1964. O r i g i n a l d i a g n o s i s. See Gureev (1964: 129). E m e n d e d d i a g n o s i s. (Emended after Tomida and Jin 2009.) Body size small to medium; diastema of lower jaw short; lower incisor terminates more anteriorly than Hypolagus; enamel crenulations of reentrants on cheek teeth complicated; p 3 possesses all five reentrants (counting enamel lake as a modification of PIR); posterior walls of PER and PIR (or enamel lake) thin and well crenulated; PIR on p 3 always isolated as an enamel lake in primitive species, and ratio of the presence of enamel lake decreases in advanced species; p 4 – m 2 with anterior wall of talonid well and deeply crenulated but not as deep as in Pentalagus, and with small AER in majority of the population in primitive species; length of palatal bridge relatively long in primitive species and becomes shorter in one lineage and longer in another lineage; P 3 – M 2 with internal reentrant fold deep and enamel crenulations of both anterior and posterior walls deep and heavy but less than in Pentalagus. I n c l u d e d s p e c i e s. P. huainanensis JIN, 2004, late Late Miocene, China (Anhui Province); P. dajushanensis TOMIDA etJIN, 2009, Early Pliocene, China (Anhui Province); P. anhuiensis TOMIDA et JIN, 2009, Late Pliocene, China (Anhui Province); P. dietrichi (FEJFAR, 1961; originally described as the genus Alilepus), late Early Pliocene (MN 15), Europe; Pliopentalagus okuyamai TOMIDA et TAKAHASHI, 2023, ca. 3.5 Ma (middle Pliocene), Japan; P. progressivus LIU et ZHENG, 1997, Early Pleistocene, China (Henan Province); and P. agilis (RUSSELL et HARRIS, 1986; originally described as the genus Aztlanolagus), Pleistocene – Holocene (?), North America (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Mexico). O c c u r r e n c e. From the late Late Miocene to late Pliocene in Asia, Early Pliocene in Europe, and from the earliest to latest Pleistocene, Holocene? in North America.	en	Tomida, Yukimitsu, Jin, Chang-Zhu, Winkler, Alisa J., Oshima, Mitsuharu (2024): Aztlanolagus Revisited And The Dynamic Evolution Of Pliopentalagus (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) In The Holarctic Region. Fossil Imprint 80 (2): 229-238, DOI: 10.37520/fi.2024.018
