identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03BDF65F0602CC63FF00432694AB0858.text	03BDF65F0602CC63FF00432694AB0858.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachymeria lasus (Walker 1841)	<div><p>Brachymeria lasus (Walker, 1841) (Fig. 2A)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Lotfalizadeh et al. (2012) and Narendran and van Achterberg (2016).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 1♀; on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Kerman (Lotfalizadeh et al., 2012) and Guilan (current study) provinces.</p><p>General distribution. Australia (Queensland), Bangladesh, China (Beijing, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang), Fiji, Guam, Hawaii, India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Punjab, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Indochina, Indonesia (Java, West Papua), Iran, Japan,, Malaysia (</p><p>Sarawak), North Africa, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, United States of America (Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin), Vietnam (Devi &amp; Singh, 2002; Konno et al., 2002; Gupta &amp; Kalesh, 2012; Lotfalizadeh et al., 2012; Gupta et al., 2014; Narendran &amp; van Achterberg, 2016; Noyes, 2019) (Fig. 4A).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Erebidae); Homona magnanima Diakonoff, 1948 ( Tortricidae); Opisina arenosella Walker, 1864 ( Oecophoridae) (Mao &amp; Kunimi, 1994; Noyes, 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0602CC63FF00432694AB0858	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0603CC63FFF347F9944D0EB6.text	03BDF65F0603CC63FFF347F9944D0EB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chouioia cunea Yang 1989	<div><p>Chouioia cunea Yang, 1989 (Fig. 2B)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Yang (1989) and Boriani (1991).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 18♂, 712♀; gregarious parasitoid on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Rezaei et al. 2003, current study)</p><p>General distribution. China (Beijing, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang), Georgia, Iran, Italy, Japan, South Korea and Turkey (Yang, 1989; Boriani, 1994; Yang et al., 2006; Zhu &amp; Huang, 2001; Konno et al., 2002; Rezaei et al., 2003; Japoshvili et al., 2006; Sullivan et al., 2011; Noyes, 2019) (Fig. 4B).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758), Stilpnotia salicis (Linnaeus, 1758), S. candida Staudinger, 1892, Ivela ochropoda (Eversmann, 1847) ( Erebidae); Heliothis armigera (Hubner, 1808) ( Noctuidae); Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler, 1877 ( Lasiocampidae); Clostera anachoreta (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775), Micromelalopha troglodyta Graeser, 1890 ( Notodontidae); Clania variegata ( Psychidae); Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée, 1854 ( Crambidae); Antheraea pernyi (Guerin-Meneville, 1855) ( Saturniidae) and Tachinidae ( Diptera) attacking Hyphantria cunea (Yang, 1989; Boriani, 1991; Noyes, 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0603CC63FFF347F9944D0EB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0603CC63FFF340D690C80D80.text	03BDF65F0603CC63FFF340D690C80D80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker 1835)	<div><p>Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker, 1835) (Fig. 2C)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Gates et al. (2012).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 203♂, 262♀; on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Rezaei et al., 2003; current study).</p><p>General distribution. Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Canada (Ontario, Quebec), Croatia, Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Macedonia, Moldova, the Netherlands, North Africa, Poland, Romania, Russia (Adygey AO, Karachai-Cherkess AR, Kostroma Oblast, Rostov Oblast), Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Transcaucasus, European part of Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, USA (Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin), former Yugoslavia (Sharov &amp; Izhevskiy, 1987; Rezaei et al., 2003; Noyes, 2019; Rahamani et al., 2022) (Fig. 4C).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Arctia caja (Linnaeus, 1758), Panaxia dominula Linnaeus, 1758 ( Erebidae); Cerura Vinula (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Notodontidae) (Askew, 1970; Noyes, 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0603CC63FFF340D690C80D80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0604CC64FF0044D190F30F99.text	03BDF65F0604CC64FF0044D190F30F99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla rufipes Brulle 1846	<div><p>Pimpla rufipes Brulle, 1846 (Fig. 2D)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Choi et al. (2016) and Varga (2017).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 1♂; on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. East Azerbaijan (Kolarov &amp; Ghahari, 2006; Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008), Fars (Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008), Golestan (Kolarov &amp; Ghahari, 2006), Guilan (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2013; current study), Kerman (Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2014), Mazandaran (Kolarov &amp; Ghahari, 2006), Tehran (Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008; Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2013; Ghahari &amp; Gadallah, 2017) and West Azerbaijan (Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008; Karimpour, 2018).</p><p>General distribution. Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaizan, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Vietnam, Ukraine, United States of America, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, former Yugoslavia (Atanassov, 1978; Coulson et al., 1986; Horstmann, 2001; Çoruh &amp; Özbek, 2008; Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008; Sullivan et al., 2010; Özbek &amp; Coruh, 2012; Çoruh et al., 2014; Di Giovanni et al., 2015; Choi et al., 2016; Yu et al., 2016; Piekarska-Boniecka et al., 2018) (Fig. 4D).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury,1773), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758), L. monacha (Linnaeus, 1758), Arctia caja (Linnaeus, 1758), Orgyia trigotephras Boisduval, 1829, Calliteara fascelina (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Erebidae); Malacosoma castrensis (Linnaeus, 1758), M. franconica (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775), M. neustria (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Lasiocampidae); Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus, 1758), Archips rosana (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Tortricidae); Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758), P. rapae (Linnaeus, 1758), P. napi (Linnaeus, 1758), Colias croceus (Fourcroy, 1785), ( Pieridae); Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758 ( Papilionidae); Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758), Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Noctuidae); Charaxes jasius (Linnaeus, 1767), Eurodryas aurinia Rottemburg, 1775, Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Nymphalidae); Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802), Polyommatus bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) ( Lycaenidae); Coleoptera: Lixus iridis Olivier, 1807 ( Curculionidae) (Atanassov, 1978; Okyar &amp; Yurtcan, 2007; Çoruh &amp; Özbek, 2008; Masnadi-Yazdinejad &amp; Jussila, 2008; Shaw et al., 2009; Stefanescu et al., 2009; Sullivan et al., 2010; Mohammadi-Khoramabadi et al., 2013; Yu et al., 2016; Karimpour, 2018; Mifsud et al., 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0604CC64FF0044D190F30F99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0604CC64FF00436F949F026D.text	03BDF65F0604CC64FF00436F949F026D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Virgichneumon dumeticola (Gravenhorst 1829)	<div><p>Virgichneumon dumeticola (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Fig. 2E)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Tereshkin (2006).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 2♂, 3♀; on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Golestan (Riedel &amp; Aghadokht, 2017), Guilan (Shirzadegan et al., 2021; current study), West Azarbaijan (Riedel &amp; Aghadokht, 2017).</p><p>General distribution. Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, China (Fujian), Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Astrakhanskaya Oblast, Gorno-Altay, Krasnodar Kray, Yaroslavl Oblast), Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom (Thirion, 2005; Tereshkin, 2006; Horstmann, 2008; Sullivan et al., 2010; Riedel &amp; Magnusson, 2014; Yu et al., 2016) (Fig. 4E).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) ( Erebidae) (Sharov &amp; Izhevskiy, 1987; Tolkanitz, 1990; Sullivan et al., 2010)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0604CC64FF00436F949F026D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0606CC66FF004480966D0F83.text	03BDF65F0606CC66FF004480966D0F83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Compsilura concinnata (Meigen 1824)	<div><p>Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824) (Fig. 3A)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Tschorsnig and Herting (1994) and Tachi et al. (2021).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 190♂, 222♀; on larvae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Ghahari, 2017; current study), Mazandaran (Ghahari, 2017), Fars (Gheibi &amp; Ostovan, 2010), Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad (Saeidi, 2011) provinces.</p><p>General distribution. Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Australia (New South Wales, Queensland), Azerbaijan, Belgium, Canada (introduced) (British Columbia, East, Ontario, Prairies), China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malaysia, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, North Korea, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Portugal, Russia (Eastern Siberia, Western Russia, Western Siberia), Serbia, Slovakia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, USA (introduced) (California, Great Plains, Northeast, Pacific Northwest), Uzbekistan, former Yugoslavia, (Cerretti &amp; Ziegler, 2004; Tschorsnig et al., 2004; Vanhara &amp; Tschorsnig, 2006; Stanković et al., 2014; O’Hara et al., 2020; Hammami et al., 2022) (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus, 1758), Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758); Orgyia trigotephras Boisduval, 1829, Ocneria terebinthina Stgr. ( Erebidae); Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) ( Crambidae); Hemileuca oliviae Cockerell, 1898 ( Saturniidae); Thaumetopoea jordana (Staudinger, 1894, T. solitaria (Freyer, 1838), T. pityocampa (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775), T. ispartaensis Doğanlar &amp; Avcí ( Notodontidae); Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775), Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Nymphalidae); Thiacidas postica Walker, 1855, Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809); Dicycla oo (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Noctuidae) (Halperin, 1990; Sabahi, 1997; Camerini &amp; Groppali, 1999; Dehghani Zahedani et al., 2006; Farar, 2006; Al-e-Mansoor, 2008; Saeidi, 2011; Stanković et al., 2014; Ghahari, 2017; Tschorsnig, 2017; Farahani et al., 2018; Martini et al., 2019; O’Hara et al., 2020; Hammami et al., 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0606CC66FF004480966D0F83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0606CC67FF00436A96F2097D.text	03BDF65F0606CC67FF00436A96F2097D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Exorista larvarum (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Exorista larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Fig. 3B)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Tschorsnig and Herting (1994).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 181♂, 196♀; on larvae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Guilan (Ghahari, 2017; current study), Mazandaran (Ghahari, 2017), West Azerbaijan (Karimpour et al., 2005), Zanjan (Modarres Awal, 1994), Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad (Saeidi, 2011).</p><p>General distribution. Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, British Isles, Bulgaria, Canada (introduced), China, Corse, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan (Hokkaidō, Honshū, Kyūshū), Korean Peninsula (North Korea), Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands, New England, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Eastern Siberia, Southern Far East, Western Russia, Western Siberia), Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, USA (introduced), Uzbekistan ( Kara et al., 2007; El-Hawagry, 2018; O’Hara et al., 2020) (Fig. 4G).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758), Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758), Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus, 1758), Arctia caja (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Erebidae); Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758), P. rapae (Linnaeus, 1758), Colias croceus (Fourcroy, 1785) ( Pieridae); Malacosoma castrensis (Linnaeus, 1758), M. neustria (Linnaeus, 1758), Dendrolimus pini (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Lasiocampidae); Tortrix viridana Linnaeus, 1758 ( Tortricidae); Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) ( Crambidae); Mamestra oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758), M. brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758), Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808), S. littoralis (Boisduval, 1833), Agrotis segetum (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775), Prodenia litura (Fabricius, 1775), Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808), Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758), Simyra dentinosa Freyer, 1838, Mythimna loreyi Duponchel, 1827, M. unipuncta (Haworth, 1809), Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, 1803), Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758), Orthosia gracilis (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775) ( Noctuidae) (Herard et al., 1979; Kara &amp; Tschorsnig, 2003; Karimpour et al., 2005; Kara et al., 2007; Cerretti &amp; Tschorsnig, 2010; Razmi et al., 2011; Saeidi, 2011; Depalo et al., 2012; Tschorsnig, 2017; Martini et al., 2019; O’Hara et al., 2020).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0606CC67FF00436A96F2097D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
03BDF65F0607CC6AFFF346F397D00801.text	03BDF65F0607CC6AFFF346F397D00801.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megaselia scalaris (Loew 1866)	<div><p>Megaselia scalaris (Loew, 1866) (Fig. 3C)</p><p>For taxonomical and morphological characters of this species see Disney (2008), Disney and Sinclair (2008), Brown and Oliver (2007).</p><p>Material examined. Iran, Guilan province, Rezvanshahr, Paresar, Sandian, (37°57′22.70″ N, 49°12′82.95″ E), 02.ix.2019, 5♂, 3♀; on pupae of Hyphantria cunea, leg. A. Karami.</p><p>Distribution in Iran. Alborz (Zamani et al., 2005), Zanjan (Ghavami &amp; Djalilvand, 2015), Fars (Sadeghi et al., 2013), Guilan (Ejlali et al., 2008; current study).</p><p>General distribution. Albania, Andorra, Angola, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Cape Verde, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Egypt, France, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Macedonia, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Portugal, Puerto Rico, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America, Venezuela (Brown &amp; Oliver, 2007; Disney, 2008; Wakid, 2008; Disney et al., 2010; Seebens et al., 2017; Cham et al., 2018; Khameneh et al., 2018; Debnath &amp; Roy, 2019) (Fig. 4H).</p><p>Hosts. Lepidoptera: Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) ( Erebidae), Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) ( Noctuidae); Diptera: Aneomochtherus mundus (Loew, 1849) ( Asilidae), Palaeosepsis sp. ( Sepsidae); Hemiptera: Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 ( Reduviidae); Hymenoptera: Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 ( Apidae); Blattodea: Macrotermes gilvus (Hagen, 1858) ( Termitidae); Ixodida: Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897 ( Ixodidae); Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini, 1888 ( Ixodidae); Otobius megnini Dugès, 1883 ( Argasidae); Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius, 1794 ( Ixodidae); Orthoptera: Zonocerus variegatus (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Pyrgomorphidae); Coleoptera: Curculio caryae Horn, 1873 ( Curculionidae); Macrodactylus marinus ( Scarabaeidae); Araneae: Brachypelma vagans (Ausserer, 1875) ( Theraphosidae); Mantodea: Parastagmatoptera tessellata Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894 ( Mantidae); Agaricales: Agaricus bisporus (Lange, 1946) ( Agaricaceae); Scorpiones: Mesobuthus eupeus (Koch, 1839) ( Buthidae) (Gregorio &amp; Leonide, 1980; Harrison &amp; Gardner, 1991; Arredondo-Bernal &amp; Trujillo-Arriaga, 1994; Downie et al., 1995; Zamani et al., 2005; Costa et al., 2007; Ejlali et al., 2008; Disney, 2008; Abdi Goodarzi et al., 2012; Mongiardino Koch et al., 2013; Machkour-M'Rabet et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2017; Marchiori, 2020; Noknoy et al., 2020).</p><p>Species frequency and rate of parasitism. Four parasitoid species were found as the major insect parasitoids of the fall webworm. These were Chouioia cunea Yang, 1989 (Hym., Eulophidae), Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker, 1835) ( Pteromalidae), Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824) and Exorista larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758)</p><p>( Diptera, Tachinidae) which appeared to have considerable influence on the population of this pest. Among the hymenopterous parasitoid species, C. cunea and P. omnivorus showed the highest number of H. cunea parasitoids in the collected pupae samples. Of these, C. cunea was the most abundant parasitoid species and may be important in the initial regulation of moth populations. Exoriata larvarum and C. concinnata were also the dominant larval parasitoids of this pest. Compsilura concinnata occupied the position as the second most abundant parasitoid of H. cunea . The gregarious endoparasitoid E. larvarum, despite the lower population than C. concinnata, appeared to have considerable influence on the population of this moth pest. The rest of the species were in relatively low densities, with fewer than ten individuals each and did not play an important role as regulating agents of H. cunea (Fig. 5). There was a significant difference in the contribution of each parasitoid species to overall parasitism (66.3%) achieved by the parasitoid complex. Chouioia cunea was the most predominant and effective species with the highest parasitism percentage among collected parasitoids (24.33%) and is followed by P. omnivorus (15.5%) and C. concinnata (13.73%). Exorista larvarum was the fourth most prevalent parasitoid recovered in this study (12.57%) which can be a major factor for the population dynamics of this pest. But the remaining species were rare, with fewer than ten individuals each and overall represent 0.53% of the parasitoids reared from H. cunea (Fig. 6).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDF65F0607CC6AFFF346F397D00801	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Karami, Amene;Talebi, Ali Asghar;Gilasian, Ebrahim;Fathipour, Yaghoub;Mehrabadi, Mohammad	Karami, Amene, Talebi, Ali Asghar, Gilasian, Ebrahim, Fathipour, Yaghoub, Mehrabadi, Mohammad (2023): Native parasitoids of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), an invasive alien pest in northern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 9 (1): 81-101, DOI: 10.52547/jibs.9.1.81, URL: https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.9.1.81
