taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BCE806FF97FFDEB4AAF94B96109046.taxon	diagnosis	Amended diagnosis: Desmatophocidae differing from Desmatophoca and Atopotarus in possessing a prenarial shelf, lacking a lateral wall of the alisphenoid canal, preglenoid process, possessing single-rooted postcanine teeth, and posteriorly deepening mandible with posteroventrally expanded digastric insertion; differing further from Desmatophoca in possessing bulbous postcanine teeth lacking accessory cusps or cingula, and differing further from Atopotarus in retaining M 2. Type species: Allodesmus kernensis. Included species: Allodesmus kernensis Kellogg, 1922; Al. naorai Kohno, 1996; Al. packardi Barnes, 1972; Al. sadoensis Barnes and Hirota, 1995; Al. sinanoensis Nagao, 1941.	en	Boessenecker, Robert W., Churchill, Morgan (2018): The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 211-235
03BCE806FF90FFDEB7A8FD65939C90FD.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Allodesmus demerei is named in honor of Dr. Thomas A. Deméré for his mentorship, support, and influential contributions to the study of fossil pinnipeds and other marine mammals. Diagnosis of species: A large species of Allodesmus similar in adult size to Al. kernensis and Al. sadoensis, and differing from Al. naorai and Al. packardi in possessing a prenarial shelf that is anteriorly transversely expanded, and differing from Al. sinanoensis in lacking tusk-like canines. With the exception of Al. naorai, Al. demerei differs from all Allodesmus in exhibiting proportionally more elongate and triangular nasals that are widest anteriorly. Allodesmus demerei differs from Al. kernensis in exhibiting more strongly developed nuchal crests, which obscure the occipital condyles in dorsal view, a jugal that extends posteriorly to the level of the glenoid fossa, and a proportionally deeper mandible, and from Al. sadoensis in retaining an M 2. Allodesmus demerei further differs from all other Allodesmus in possessing a dorsally prominent and sharply triangular postorbital process, lacking postcanine diastemata, exhibiting a posteriorly elongate neural spine of the axis that overhangs C 3, and a transversely expanded and dorsoventrally flattened anterior half of the manubrium. Holotype: UWBM 75640, a partial articulated skeleton including skull and mandible missing all teeth other than right P 1, hyoid bones, vertebral column (C 1 – T 13), ribs, and manubrium. Collected 26 – 27 September 1984, by P. K. Bigelow and colleagues. Type locality and stratigraphic context: University of Washington-Burke Museum locality C 0343, 140 m above the base of the lower member of the Montesano Formation exposed in bank of Canyon River near Grays Harbor, WA, USA; upper Miocene, 10.5 – 9.1 Mya in age based on paleomagnetism (Tortonian equivalent; Prothero & Lau, 2001). More detailed locality information is available on request from UWBM to qualified researchers. Tentatively referred specimen: UWBM 109823, left humerus missing the head, collected by M. S. Kelly from the lower Montesano Formation along the bank of the west fork of the Satsop River near Swinging Bridge Park, Grays Harbor County, WA, USA. More detailed locality information is available on request from UWBM to qualified researchers.	en	Boessenecker, Robert W., Churchill, Morgan (2018): The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 211-235
03BCE806FF90FFDEB7A8FD65939C90FD.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION	en	Boessenecker, Robert W., Churchill, Morgan (2018): The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 211-235
03BCE806FF83FFC2B468FF0C92A49281.taxon	description	Gradstein FM, Ogg JG, Schmitz M, Ogg G. 2012. The geologic time scale 2012. Oxford: Elsevier. Hay OP. 1930. Second bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington 390: 1 – 1074. Hunt RM Jr., Barnes LG. 1994. Basicranial evidence for ursid affinity of the oldest pinnipeds. Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 29: 57 – 67. Illiger C. 1811. Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium. Berlin: Salfeld. Kellogg R. 1922. Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 13: 23 – 132. Kellogg R. 1931. Pelagic mammals from the Temblor Formation of the Kern River region, California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 19: 217 – 397. Kimura M, Hirota K, Kiyono C. 1997. Fossil pinniped mandible from the middle Miocene of Haboro-cho, Hokkaido. Bulletin of the Hobetsu Museum 13: 1 – 7. 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Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 151: 203 – 284. Miyazaki S, Horikawa H, Kohno N, Hirota K, Kimura M, Hasegawa Y, Tomida Y, Barnes LG, Ray CE. 1995. Summary of the fossil record of pinnipeds of Japan, and comparisons with that from the eastern North Pacific. The Island Arc 3: 361 – 372. Nagao T. 1941. An occurrence of a fossil sea lion in the Miocene deposits of Sinano, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, Series 4 6: 75 – 84. Packard EL. 1962. Fossil marine mammals from the vicinity of Stanford University. Journal of Paleontology 36: 29 – 37. Pierce SE, Clack JA, Hutchison JH. 2011. Comparative axial morphology in pinnipeds and its correlation with aquatic locomotory behaviour. Journal of Anatomy 219: 502 – 514. Prothero DR, Lau JN. 2001. Magnetic stratigraphy of the upper Miocene (type Wishkahan-Graysian) Montesano Formation, Grays Harbor County, Washington. In: Prothero DR, ed. Magnetic stratigraphy of the Pacific Coast Cenozoic. Los Angeles, California: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Pacific Section. 293 – 301. Prothero DR, Lau JN, Armentrout JM. 2001. Magnetic stratigraphy of the upper Miocene (Wishkahan) Empire Formation, Coos County, Oregon. In: Prothero DR, ed. Magnetic stratigraphy of the Pacific Coast Cenozoic. Los Angeles, California: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Pacific Section. 284 – 292. Puttick MN, O’Reilly JE, Tanner AR, Fleming JE, Clark J, Holloway L, Lozano-Fernandez J, Parry LA, Tarver JE, Pisani D, Donoghue PCJ. 2017. Uncertain-tree: discriminating among competing approaches to the phylogenetic analysis of phenotype data. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284: 20162290. Rau WW. 1967. Geology of the Wynoochee Valley quadrangle, Grays Harbor County, Washington. Washington Division of Mines and Geology Bulletin 56: 1 – 51. Repenning CA, Tedford RH. 1977. Otarioid seals of the	en	Boessenecker, Robert W., Churchill, Morgan (2018): The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 211-235
