identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B787C3FF96FFFB7F910C23EE6AF9BA.text	03B787C3FF96FFFB7F910C23EE6AF9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miconia spicata (Gleason 1941) Gamba & Almeda 2018	<div><p>Miconia spicata (Gleason 1941: 253) Gamba &amp; Almeda,  comb. nov.</p><p>Basionym:  Ossaea spicata Gleason (1941: 253) .</p><p>Type:   COLOMBIA. Intendencia El Chocó: dense forest  south of Río Condoto, between Quebrada Guarapo and Mandinga, 120–180 m, 22–28 April 1939, Killip 35166 (holotype: NY-00245657  !;  isotypes: BM-000603941, online image!,  COL-000003410, online image!,  US-00123705, online image!).  Miconia spiciformis Gamba &amp; Almeda (2014: 130): nomen superfl. and illegit. Non  Miconia spicata Macfadyen ex Grisebach (1860: 257), invalid; pro. synonym of  Miconia trinervis (Macfadyen 1850 (2): 94) Grisebach (1860: 257).</p><p>When we created the new name  Miconia spiciformis for this species as a replacement for  Ossaea spicata we were under the impression that  Miconia spicata Macfadyen ex Grisebach was a blocking name. When we consulted the International Plant Names Index throughout 2011–2013 (http://www.ipni.org/) there was no indication that the name is invalid.</p><p>We have subsequently learned that  Miconia spicata was cited as a synonym of  Miconia trinervis . According to Article 36.1 (c) of the ICN (International Code of Nomenclature) (McNeill et al. 2012), a name is not validly published when it is merely cited as a synonym (“prosynonym”). Consequently,  Miconia spiciformis must be rejected and the epithet  “ spicata ” is available for the new combination in  Miconia provided here.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787C3FF96FFFB7F910C23EE6AF9BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gamba, Diana;Almeda, Frank	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
03B787C3FF96FFFA7F910EE3EF15FB97.text	03B787C3FF96FFFA7F910EE3EF15FB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Miconia rubescens (Triana 1872) Gamba & Almeda 2018	<div><p>Miconia rubescens (Triana 1872: 146) Gamba &amp; Almeda,  comb. nov.</p><p>Basionym:  Octopleura rubescens Triana (1872: 146) .  Ossaea rubescens (Triana 1872: 146) Cogniaux (1891a: 1067) .</p><p>Type:   COLOMBIA.Prov. Barbacoas:  Arrastradero, 10 m, April 1853, Triana 6258/73 (holotype: BM-000603938, online image! ;  isotypes: BR-564004, online image!,  COL-000003408, online image!). Non  Miconia rubescens D. Don (1830: 174), invalid: nomen nudum.</p><p>Melastoma micranthum Swartz (1788: 71) .  Octopleura micrantha (Sw.) Grisebach (1860 b: 260) .  Ossaea micrantha (Sw.) Macfadyen ex Cogniaux (1891a: 1066) .  Miconia neomicrantha Judd &amp; Skean (1991: 62) .  Type: JAMAICA. Swartz s.n. (holotype: S-3473, online image!; isotypes: C-10014953, online image!, LD-1258637, online image!). Non  Miconia micrantha Cogniaux (1896: 12); nec  M. micrantha Pilger (1905: 173), nomen illegit. =  M. wittii Ule (1915: 367); nec  M. micrantha Pittier (1947: 27), nom. illegit. =  M. tabayensis Wurdack (1971: 359) .</p><p>Sagraea neurocarpa Naudin (1852: 94) . Type: syntypes not found among digital images online but probably at P for the Colombian syntypes and probably BM for the Jamaican syntype. In the protologue, Naudin cited Goudot s.n. and Bonpland s.n. from Colombia and Swartz s.n. from Jamaica. This species was not listed among the American species of  Melastomataceae described by Naudin (Martin &amp; Cremers 2007).</p><p>Ossaea caudata Cogniaux (1891a: 1066) .  Type: ECUADOR.  Prope Quito, September, Jameson 390 (lectotype, here designated: G-DC-00328268, online image!; isolectotypes: BM-000603937, online image!, BR-564059, online image!, E-00285791, online image!, FI-004726, online image!)</p><p>Ossaea tetragona Cogniaux (1891b: 265) . Type: COSTA RICA.  Chemin de Carrillo, versant Atlantique, 300 m, 25 November 1890, Biolley 3148 (holotype: BR-519067!; isotypes: BR-519133!, BR-519100!).</p><p>This species, which was long known as  Ossaea micrantha, was correctly deemed to be a  Miconia by Judd &amp; Skean (1991). Because the epithet  “ micrantha ” was pre-empted in  Miconia (see enumerated names above), Judd and Skean created the new name  Miconia neomicrantha . They cited the basionym and replaced synonym but they did not cite any other synonyms. In our monograph (Gamba &amp; Almeda 2014: 97) we accepted  Miconia neomicrantha under which we included four other heterotypic synonyms. The epithets  “ neurocarpa ”,  “ caudata ”, and  “ tetragona ” are pre-empted in  Miconia (Goldenberg et al. 2013) . At the time we also assumed that the epithet  “ rubescens ” was also pre-empted by  Miconia rubescens D. Don (1830: 124) . We have since learned that this latter epithet and some others were published without a description or a diagnosis, or a reference to a former one. Don (1830) included  Miconia rubescens in a table of species names with an English translation of specific epithets and symbols indicating habit, height of plant, flower color, date of introduction, and country of origin. This information is identical for several of the  Miconia species on Don’s list and clearly is not intended as a validating description or diagnosis.A nearly identical example of nude names in another British catalogue is given in Article 38.2, Ex. 3 of the ICN (McNeill et al. 2012) for the third edition of Sweet’s Hortus britannicus (1839). According to the ICN, “names of new taxa appearing in that work are not therefore validly published, except in some cases where reference is made to earlier descriptions or diagnoses.” Thus, according to Article 38.1 of the ICN,  M. rubescens D. Don is a nomen nudum and not validly published. This makes  “ rubescens ” the only epithet for a heterotypic synonym available for a transfer to  Miconia . The new combination provided here must replace  Miconia neomicrantha, which according to our taxonomy is nomenclaturally superfluous because it included the type of a heterotypic synonym whose epithet was available and not already pre-empted in  Miconia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787C3FF96FFFA7F910EE3EF15FB97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gamba, Diana;Almeda, Frank	Gamba, Diana, Almeda, Frank (2018): New combinations in the Neotropical genus Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Phytotaxa 357 (4): 298-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.4.6
