taxonID	type	description	language	source
03AE1E39FF84FFA1FF739A9BED8FFE23.taxon	description	lsid: zoobank. org: act: 56 D 67 D 45 - DA 1 B- 4 F 36 - 802 A-EFCBAF 56 C 974 (Figs 1 – 10) Description. Holotype female. Body length 7.0 mm; fore wing length 4.8 mm. Integument predominantly black; two distal articles of maxillary palp and legs ferrugineous, except for dark brown hind tarsomeres. Fore wing mostly hyaline, with two infuscated areas; proximal one extending from vein C to vein M + Cu and distally to base of pterostigma; distal one from end of pterostigma to just below vein M and distally extending to one-third of radial cell. Pterostigma black; small white spot covered with white pilosity below pterostigma; veins predominantly brown. Hind wing hyaline, slightly infuscated in distal third (Fig. 1 and 3). Head. Ocellar corona narrow, distance between median ocellus and lateral coronal teeth approximately equal to 1.5 × as long as width of ocellus. Compound eye abutting lateral ocelli (Fig. 2). Distance between lateral ocelli 1.5 × as long as distance compound eyes. Frons areolate, each pit with single flattened setae; without dorsal transverse and lateral longitudinal frontal carina. Postocular carina extending along complete posterior margin of eye, glabrous area between posterior margin of eye and postocular carina (Fig. 1). Occipital carina situated laterally, ventrally continuous with lateral border of subantennal groove. Vertex and gena areolate, points slightly shallow and sparse posteriorly, with short setae, slightly denser on vertex. Ventral half of gena with whitish pilosity more conspicuous. Antennomere 9 expanded distally and without carina laterally. Thorax. Pronotum shorter medially than sublaterally, coarsely areolate, each pit with single short and flattened seta as on frons, pits slightly larger than on head. Mesoscutum areolate, with setae smaller than on pronotum, and with distinct longitudinal carina along of its length. Mesoscutellum with sparser punctures than mesoscutum (Fig 3). Mesepisternum with vertical carina well developed anterolaterally, with whitish setae (Fig. 4). Metanotum coarsely areolate, predominantly glabrous, with median longitudinal carina absent. Middle leg with single row of eight pegs; tibial spurs of unequal length; first tarsomere as long as remaining tarsomeres combined. Hind femur swollen, about 2.5 × as long as wide, hind tibiae with two irregular rows of denticles, longitudinal carina laterally; tibial spurs of unequal length, inner about one-third of length of outer. Abdomen. Tergum 1 areolate, laterally with distinct postspiracular and subspiracular carina. Terga 2 – 5 finely areolate-punctate, without inconspicuous pilosity. Tergum 2 almost as long as tergum 3 and tergum 4 combined, with short longitudinal anteromedial carina and rounded smooth areas laterally. Terga 6 – 8 more irregularly rugose and sparsely punctured. Terga 7 – 8 with sparse, whitish pilosity (Fig. 5). Terga 9 finely areolate punctate anteriorly, coarsely areolate in ventral half, with distinct longitudinal carinae submedially. Sterna homogeneously areolate-punctate (Fig. 6). Male. Body length 3,0 – 3,4 mm, fore wing length 2 mm; Integument predominantly black, even more so than female (Fig. 7 – 9). Two distalmost antennomeres and maxillary palp ferruginous (Fig. 7); tarsomeres brownish (Fig. 7). Pilosity and sculptures as in female. Sternum 9 with three posteriorly directed spines, one anteromedially and two posterolaterally (Fig. 10).	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF84FFA1FF739A9BED8FFE23.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype female. Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina / - 9.65763 - 38.5079, Copo / Azul, 27. vi – 07. vii. 2024, / E. Galdino & P. Costa Cols. Paratypes. Female: Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina, / L 2 500, - 9.66695, - 38.4721, / Armadilha Copo Azul, 1.5 m, / 27. vi. - 07. vii. 2024 / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols. Male: Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina, / L 1 500, - 9.65805, - 38.4722, / Armadilha Copo Azul, 1.5 m, / 27. vi. - 07. vii. 2024 / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols. Male: Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina, / L 2 500, - 9.66695, - 38.4721, / Armadilha Copo Azul, 1.5 m, / 27. vi. - 07. vii. 2024 / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF84FFA1FF739A9BED8FFE23.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name refers to the dry habitat where the wasp was collected.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF84FFA1FF739A9BED8FFE23.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ophrynopus aridus sp. nov. resembles Ophrynopus carinatus Vilhelmsen & Smith, 2002 in the color pattern and punctation of the head and thorax. However, O. carinatus has the pronotum of approximately equal length in dorsal view, while in O. aridus sp. nov. the pronotum is medially shorter than sublaterally. In O. carinatus the sculpture on the upper mesopleura is denser with irregular depressions, while in O. aridus sp. nov. the depressions are rounded and more separated.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF84FFA3FF739CCBEA9BFB8C.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Ophrynopus andrei Konow, 1897 = Ophrynopus fulvostigma (Westwood, 1874)	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF84FFA3FF739CCBEA9BFB8C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Head with frons densely sculptured. Female antenna usually with antennomere 9 swollen distally, less swollen in some species (e. g., O. rufocephalus Vilhelmsen, 2020 and O. seagi (Vilhelmsen 2016 )). Head with postocular carina present, usually extending to a considerable distance above ventral margin of eyes. Labiomaxillary complex well developed, maxillary palps elongate, with five palpomeres. Mesoscutellum with lateral margin indistinct, posterior margin parallel with anterior margin of metanotum for some distance, mesoscutellum not raised relative to adjacent sclerites. Fore wing vein 2 r arising from pterostigma at more than 0.6 of pterostigma length. Hind femur with distinct triangular projection on laterodistal corner. Hind margin of tergum 1 with scattered setae.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF86FFA7FF739871ECD9FB77.taxon	description	lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 086 BD 19 - 64 EB- 45 E 5 - AAB 8 - 1 AC 5 D 4 AE 6679 (Figs 11 – 16) Description. Holotype female. Body length 9.6 mm; fore wing length 7.3 mm. Integument predominantly black, frons with a dark green metallic hue; maxillary palp, labial palp, and legs ferrugineous, except for the blackish distal region of the hind tibia and tarsomeres. Fore wing with two heavily infuscate areas; proximal one extending from vein C to vein M + Cu and distally to the base of pterostigma; distal one from end of pterostigma to just below vein M, distally extending up to two-thirds of radial cell. Pterostigma black; veins predominantly dark brown to brownish. Hind wing hyaline, slightly infuscated distally; veins ferrugineous (Fig. 11 – 13). Head. Ocellar corona broad, distance between median ocellus and lateral coronal teeth approximately equal to 2 × diameter of ocellus; ventral coronal tooth larger than remaining teeth. Compound eye contiguous with lateral ocelli; vertex narrow, distance between lateral ocelli 1.5 × as long as distance between compound eyes. Frons areolate-rugose, medially with interspaces with small punctures and denser pilosity; median longitudinal sulcus extending from median ocellus to ventral transverse frontal carina. Lateral longitudinal frontal carina sinuous and reaching ventral transverse frontal carina. Postocular carina extending along complete posterior margin of eye, slightly broader medially. Dense silvery pilosity between posterior margin of eye and postocular carina. Occipital carina ventrally continuous with lateral border of subantennal groove (Fig. 12). Vertex and gena finely punctate, punctures gradually smaller and sparser posteriorly, and with dense silvery pilosity up to the upper half of gena. Antennomere 9 expanded distally and with carina laterally. Thorax. Pronotum shorter medially than sublaterally and covered by dense silvery pilosity. Mesoscutum areolate, pits smaller and shallower than on frons, sublaterally with patches of short silvery pilosity; distinctly raised longitudinal carina on the posterior half. Mesoscutellum with sparser punctures than mesoscutum, distance between punctures at least half width of puncture (Fig. 13). Mesepisternum not carinate, punctures larger and sparser than on mesoscutum, with dense silvery pilosity on upper half (Fig. 14). Metanotum with median longitudinal carina, covered by dense silvery pilosity. Fore leg with femur about 6 × longer than wide and tibia with one sensilla apicolaterally. Middle tibia with single row of nine pegs; tibial spurs of unequal length; first tarsomere length 1.2 × remaining tarsomeres combined. Hind leg with coxa covered by dense silvery pilosity in upper half; tibia with two rows of pegs, outer row with six pegs, longitudinal carina present laterally and ventrally; tibial spurs of unequal length, inner about half length of outer. Abdomen. Tergum 1 coarsely punctate with distal margin finely reticulate; laterally with distinct postspiracular and subspiracular carina, with fringe of silvery setae between them. Tergum 2 as long as tergum 3 and tergum 4 combined, with short longitudinal anteromedial carina, rounded smooth areas laterally and with punctures shallower and denser than tergum 1. Terga 3 – 7 with sparser and shallower punctures than tergum 2. Tergum 8 with dense and imbricate punctation. Terga 2 – 8 with dense patches of short silvery setae posterolaterally (Fig. 15). Terga 9 coarsely areolate-rugose anteriorly, punctate-imbricate ventrally, and with short longitudinal carina. Sterna homogenously punctate, pilosity slightly more developed in apical half (Fig 16). Male: Unknown.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF86FFA7FF739871ECD9FB77.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype female. Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina / - 9.65769 - 38.4903 Copo / Azul, 27. vi – 07. vii. 2024, / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols. Paratypes. Female: Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina / - 9.66674 - 38.4995, Copo / Azul, 26. vi – 06. vii. 2024, / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols. Female: Brasil, Bahia, Paulo Afonso, / ESEC Raso da Catarina / - 9.66674 - 38.4904 Copo / Azul, 26. vi – 06. vii. 2024, / E. Galdino & P. Costa cols.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF86FFA7FF739871ECD9FB77.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet name refers to the Caatinga Biome, the region where the species has been found.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
03AE1E39FF86FFA7FF739871ECD9FB77.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ophrynopus caatinguensis sp. nov. resembles Ophrynopus rupestris in length, green metallic hue of frons, and pilosity on the postocular region. Furthermore, O. rupestris is also known from dry open areas. However, Ophrynopus caatinguensis sp. nov. differs from O. rupestris by not having a posterodorsal depression on the head; presence of a lateral longitudinal frontal carina; pronotum and mesepisternum densely setose; and hind femur with no denticles ventrally. Ophrynopus caatinguensis sp. nov. also resembles Ophrynopus enigmus (Vilhelmsen & Smith, 2002) and Ophrynopus gauldi (Vilhelmsen & Smith, 2002), previously allocated to Argenthophrynopus, due to the broad silvery setae on many parts of the body; dorsal frontal transverse carina absent; postocular and occipital carina well developed, without dorsal concavity on latter. However, O. caatinguensis differs by having a well developed lateral longitudinal frontal carina, reaching ventral transverse frontal carina; dense pilosity between posterior margin of eye and postocular carina; and mesoscutum with a median longitudinal carina.	en	Galdino, Elton John Oliveira, Vilhelmsen, Lars, Parizotto, Daniele Regina (2025): Brazilian tropical dry forest in the spotlight: two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Orussidae). Zootaxa 5636 (2): 316-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.2.5
