taxonID	type	description	language	source
039B8758BB65FFACFF0CD341F5E8E2D7.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 2)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB65FFACFF0CD341F5E8E2D7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. SE Turkey, 12 km from Hakkari, 1500 m, 1 female (leg. Hacker) (allotype of Phaneroptera hackeri).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB65FFACFF0CD341F5E8E2D7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This single female is the allotype of P. hackeri. It was studied from the photographs of OSF (Figs. 1 – 2). This female is a member of Phaneroptera. However, the male holotype of P. hackeri belongs to the genus Nephoptera Uvarov (see Nephoptera hackeri below). Genus Nephoptera Uvarov, 1929 s. lat.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB65FFACFF0CD341F5E8E2D7.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Nephoptera tibialis Uvarov, 1929	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB65FFACFF0CD341F5E8E2D7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This genus was established by Uvarov (1929: 630) for a single species, N. tibialis Uvarov, 1929. Bey-Bienko (1951: 134) described the genus Pseudanerota for two species, Pseudanerota robusta Bey-Bienko, 1951 and Phaneroptera persica Uvarov, 1929. He designated the latter one as the type species. Bey-Bienko (1954) gave more details for these genera. However, Ragge (1956: 279) in his revision, synonymizing the genus Pseudanerota Bey-Bienko, 1951, accumulated these three species under Nephoptera Uvarov, 1929. Later, Bey-Bienko (1958: 1) proposed a generic key for Phaneropterini in Iran and gave these two genera as valid taxa, and he described Pseudanerota richteri Bey-Bienko, 1958. Ragge (1958), describing a new species, Nephoptera bienkoi, synonymized Pseudanerota Bey-Bienko one more time and included the above five species in this genus. Steinmann (1966: 416) described a new Nephoptera, N. sinica, from China. This was the first record of this genus outside of Iran. Later, Mirzayans and Morales-Agacino (1969: 28) described N. dezfouliani in Iran. Cejchan (1969: 224) described N. bienkoi afghana as the first species of this genus from Afghanistan, and he (Cejchan, 1974: 91) described one more species, N. dlabolai, from Iran. Present day, eight species and subspecies of Nephoptera mentioned above are known from Iran, Afghanistan and China. On the other hand, Harz (1988: 137) described Phaneroptera hackeri from the SE of Turkey. Recently, Koçak et Kemal (2009: 5 – 6), describing Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi from SE of Turkey, established a new subgenus of Phaneroptera, Erdemia Koçak et Kemal, 2009. They included Phaneroptera hackeri Harz in this new subgenus and designated it as the type species of Erdemia. However, Harz (1988) and Koçak et Kemal (2009) were not aware that these two species belong to the genus Nephoptera. Taylan et al. (2021), following Harz (1988) and Koçak et Kemal (2009), recorded P. (Erdemia) hackeri from Hakkari Province of Turkey. Due to the incorrect matching of male and female, an identification error by Harz (1988) caused further taxonomic problems. Harz (1988), describing Phaneroptera hackeri, used 1 male and 1 female, and he selected the male as the holotype. But in the present study, it appears that these two specimens belong to different taxa. While the male (holotype) is a member of Nephoptera, the female (allotype) is Phaneroptera (see Phaneroptera nana above). Koçak and Kemal (2009), unaware of this, selected the female as the holotype of their new species Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi. Because the male examined by them is the same as the male of P. hackeri, but the female is different from its female. They (Koçak et Kemal 2009: 6) mentioned the close similarity of the males of both species, P. hackeri and P. erdemi. Koçak and Kemal (2009) actually described the female of P. hackeri under the new species, P. erdemi, for the first time. Therefore, these two species are synonyms with each other. But the subgenus Erdemia as a valid taxon is transferred to the genus Nephoptera herein. Previously, Mirzayans et Agacino (1969) suggested that the re-grouping of two distinct groups of Nephoptera species as a new subgeneric or generic taxon. Ragge (1959) and Cejchan (1974) also mentioned these two distinct species groups. Koçak et Kemal (2009) unawaredly made this generic separation in another genus, Phaneroptera. Furthermore, it is event in the present study that Nephoptera sinica Steinmann, 1966 cannot be included in these two groups of Nephoptera, due to distinct generic characteristics. Therefore, one more subgenus, Exonephoptera subgen. nov. is needed to be added to Nephoptera. The genus Nephoptera is recorded from Turkey for the first time. Nephoptera is separated into 3 subgenera. The differences among these 3 groups are much beyond the species groups with clear characteristics as seen in the following key.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD44CF4F2E76A.taxon	description	(Fig. 4) Uvarov, 1929: 628 as Phaneroptera persica; Bey-Bienko, 1951: 135 as Pseudanerota persica (Uvarov, 1929); Bey-Bienko, 1954: 86 as Pseudanerota persica; Ragge, 1956: 281 as Nephoptera persica (Uvarov, 1929); Bey-Bienko, 1958: 1, 3 as Pseudanerota persica Uv.; Ragge, 1959: 428 in the key as Nephoptera persica; Mirzayans et Morales-Agacino, 1969: 31 in the key as Nephoptera persica; Kaltenbach 1980: 580 as Nephoptera persica (Uvarov, 1929).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD44CF4F2E76A.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SE Iran: S. Kirman: Bazman. Holotype. male (NHMUK). Material examined. Kaltenbach 1980: IRAN: S. Iran, Abad-Geno, 40 km nördl. Bandar-Abbas, 6.5.1974, 1 male; 22 km nördl. Bandar-Abbas, 10.5.1974, 3 males, 1 female (det. Kaltenbach) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD44CF4F2E76A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. SE Iran: S. Kirman: Bazman (type locality), Makran: Kishi (Uvarov, 1929); S Iran, Bandar Abbas: Hormuz Strait (Bey-Bienko, 1954); Iran, Bandar Abbas: Sarkhum (Ragge, 1956); SE Iran, Baluchistan: Alidar (Bey-Bienko 1958); S Iran: N of Bandar-Abbas (Kaltenbach 1980).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD222F5A4E5E5.taxon	description	(Figs. 5 – 8) Bey-Bienko, 1958: 1, 3 as Pseodanerota richteri; Ragge, 1959: 428 in the key as Nephoptera richteri; Mirzayans et Morales-Agacino, 1969: 31 in the key as Nephoptera richteri.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD222F5A4E5E5.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SE Iran, Anbarabad. Holotype. female (ZIN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD222F5A4E5E5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality. SE Iran, Anbarabad (Djiroft) (type locality) (Bey-Bienko 1958). Subgenus Erdemia Koçak et Kemal, 2009	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD222F5A4E5E5.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Phaneroptera hackeri Harz, 1988 Koçak et Kemal, 2009: 5 as a subgenus of Phaneroptera.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD7A0F326E087.taxon	description	(Fig. 3) Uvarov, 1929: 631; Ragge 1956: 280; Bey-Bienko 1958: 3; Ragge 1959: 428 in the key as Nephoptera tibialis; Mirzayans et Morales-Agacino 1969: 31 in the key as Nephoptera tibialis; Kaltenbach 1980: 581 as Nephoptera tibialis Uvarov, 1929; Ingrisch 1996: 232 as Nephoptera tibialis Uvarov, 1929.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD7A0F326E087.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SE Iran: Makran: Kyaguraka in Geh. Holotype. male (NHMUK). Material examined. Kaltenbach 1980: S Iran, 22 km nördl. Bandar-Abbas, 18.4.1974, 2 males, 1 female (det. Kaltenbach); 13 km NO Bandar-Abbas, 1970, 1 male (leg. Pretzmann) (det. Kaltenbach) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6BFFACFF0CD7A0F326E087.taxon	distribution	Distribution. SE Iran: Makran: Kyaguraka in Geh (type locality), Makran: Kishi, Kutche: Kambil, Bampur: Karvandar, Bampur: Razy (Uvarov, 1929); Iran, Baluchistan: Gew [h], Saravan: Bampotsch (Ragge, 1956); SE Iran, Baluchistan: Sangun, S Iranshar: Hamant Kuh, N Iranshar, Kalang-massiv, Baluchistan, Baluchistan: Alidar, Makran: Chabahar, Tiz, Bampur: between Gunich and Tangkan (Bey-Bienko, 1954, 1958); S, SE Iran: N of Bandar-Abbas (Kaltenbach 1980); N Pakistan, Indus Valley, 20 km W Chilas (Ingrisch 1996).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	description	(Figs. 11 – 17) Cejchan, 1969: 224 as Nephoptera bienkoi afghana.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. E Afghanistan, Nengrahar [Nangarhar]: Barikot. Holotype. female (MMB).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. E Afghanistan, Nengrahar: Barikot (Cejchan 1969), Afghanistan, Nuristan, 25 kms N of Barikot (present paper).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	description	Description of male. Fastigium of vertex broad, sloping, 1.6 times narrower than antennal scape in front of lateral ocelli; narrowly rounded at anterior margin, not touch with fastigium of frons, with a dorsal fossa. Anterior half of prozona of pronotum cylindrical, remaining part of pronotum flattened in dorsal view; without lateral carinae; anterior margin of paranota meets with ventral margin under an obtuse angle (at antero-ventral corner); shoulder incision deep; anterior margin of pronotum slightly concave, posterior margin convex in dorsal view (Figs. 12, 13). Tegmina and wings (Figs. 11, 13) fully developed, wings longer than tegmina. Fore coxa without spine. Tympanal organ on the first tibia open and oval on both sides. Mid tibia widened in basal half. Hind tibia with 2 apical spurs on dorsal and ventral sides. Hind femur with 5 – 7 ventral spines externally. Last abdominal tergite (Figs. 14, 15) strongly elongated and inflated posteriorly, like a balloon, with a small projection on antero-ventral side of the posterior inflated part, and with a small and sharp depression on posterior surface of this inflated part. Cercus (Fig. 16) cylindrical, weakly narrowed apically, strongly and roundly incurved in basal third; apex blunt, rounded without a terminal denticle. Subgenital plate (Figs. 14, 17) narrow and long, without styli; posterior margin with a deep Ushaped median incision which is 1 / 4 of the length of plate, and with two long and narrow lobes which are almost parallel. Colouration. Body as in female, light brown with dark brown spots and creamish markings, especially on tegmina, which causes a marbled appearance. Measurements (mm). Body length 15; pronotum 2.5; tegmina 20; fore femur 4.6; hind femur 14.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Afghanistan, Nuristan, 25 km N v. Barikot, 1800 m, 1 male (leg. Kasy et Vartian) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD4F6F59FE59C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is the only species with brownish marbled colouration. All the others in Nephoptera s. lat. are mainly green. Although in the original descriptions of N. tibialis and N. richteri, body colourations were given as the shades of brown, they are mainly green in their photographs of the types (OSF). The male characteristics of this species are very distinct from N. bienkoi, and the female also supports this distictive state. Therefore, it is raise to species level.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD553F307E15F.taxon	description	(Figs. 9 – 10) Ragge, 1959: 425, 428 in the key as Nephoptera bienkoi; Mirzayans et Morales-Agacino, 1969: 31 in the key as Nephoptera bienkoi.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD553F307E15F.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SW Iran, Gotwend. Holotype. male (MNCN) Distribution. Known only from the type locality. SW Iran, Gotwend (Ragge, 1959);	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD7E8F606E383.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SW Iran, Lorestan: Khurramabad. Holotype. female (ZIN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB68FFAFFF0CD7E8F606E383.taxon	distribution	Distribution. SW Iran, Lorestan: Khurramabad (type locality) (Bey-Bienko, 1951). Known only from the type locality (Ragge 1956). Male unknown.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFAEFF0CD7E8F21DE306.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SW Iran, Rijab. Holotype. male (HMIM). Distribution. Known only from the type locality. SW Iran, Rijab (Mirzayans et Morales-Agacino, 1969).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFAEFF0CD6CEF3C3E01D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SW Iran, Fars: Kazerun. Holotype. male (NMPC). Distribution. Known only from the type locality. SW Iran, Fars: Kazerun (Cejchan 1974).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	description	(Figs. 18 – 21)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. SE Turkey, 12 km from Hakkari. Holotype. male (MHNG). Holotype of Phaneroptera erdemi. female (CESA). Material examined. TURKEY, Şırnak, BeytüŞŞebab, Günyüzü, 1374 m, 6.9.2013, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. SE Turkey, 12 km from Hakkari [unknown direction] (type locality) (Harz 1988); Siirt: Şirvan (type locality of P. erdemi) (Koçak et Kemal 2009); Hakkari: Çukurca, DemirtaŞ (Taylan et al. 2021); Şırnak: BeytüŞŞebab (present paper).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Koçak and Kemal (2009) considered that the male of Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi is very similar to that of P. hackeri. Therefore, they did not provide any diagnosis of the male sex, and described only the female (comparing P. hackeri) as a new species. However, the female allotype of P. hackeri does not belong to this species (and genus), which is re-identified as Phaneroptera nana nana here (see above). Thus, Koçak and Kemal (2009) actually described the female of P. hackeri. Phaneroptera and Nephoptera species can be found syntopically, as in this example, in Hakkari Province, Nephoptera hackeri and Phaneroptera nana. Another example, Nephoptera tibialis, Nephoptera persica, and Phaneroptera gracilis were found in the same location, 22 km N of Bandar-Abbas, in Iran (Kaltenbach 1980: 580 – 581). This species is most closely related to N. robusta by the shape of the ovipositor, which is only known from the female. Subgenus Exonephoptera Ünal, subgen. nov.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Nephoptera sinica Steinmann, 1966	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	description	Description. Fastigium of vertex broad, slightly narrower than antennal scape. Eyes oval (Figs. 24, 28). Pronotum (Figs. 22 – 24) without lateral carinae; antero-ventral corner or paranota broadly rounded; shoulder incision deep and rounded. Tegmina (Figs. 22, 23) fully developed; wings longer than tegmina. Basal part of fore tibia with open and oval tympanal organ (Fig. 29) on both sides. Fore and mid tibia with a longitudinal groove on dorsal side; mid tibia slightly widened in the basal part. Hind tibia with 2 apical spurs, both on dorsal and ventral sides. Hind femur with ventral spines. Male cercus (Figs. 24, 32) long, cylindrical, almost the same width along its length, apex blunt, without an apical denticle; strongly and roundly incurved along its length, almost C-shaped; Last abdominal tergite (Figs. 24, 26, 32) short and wide, posterior margin truncate. Male subgenital plate (Figs. 25, 31, 32) long, strongly widened in basal part; apical part narrow, with a shallow posterior incision between two short lateral lobes, with very long styli which are almost 1 / 3 of the plate length. Ovipositor (Figs. 26, 30) long, longer than twice as long as pronotum; strongly upcurved like a quarter circle.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB69FFA9FF0CD5B3F4B3E0E3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new subgenus is a member of the tribe Phaneropterini as indicated by the following: fully developed tegmina, hind wings longer than tegmina, the exposed and oval tympanal organ on both sides of the tibia at the base, and the deep shoulder incision on the pronotum. It is included in Nephoptera by the broad fastigium of vertex, the male cercus (cylindrical, almost same width along its length or slightly widened apically; without apical denticle and with blunt apex) (Figs. 4, 8, 9, 16, 18, 24, 32), the hind tibia with 2 spurs on dorsal and ventral sides, the mid tibia slightly widened in basal part, the long ovipositor, more than twice as long as the length of the pronotum. It is easily separated from the new transferred subgenus Erdemia by the short and wide last tergite of the male which is not developed posteriorly. It is different from both the nominotypical subgenus and Erdemia by the characters given in the key above. Its known distribution is also separated from the others.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD36AF440E685.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The species groups within this genus were studied by the author (Ünal 2010). Recent papers on this topic have been published and will be discussed in a further study.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD202F2E9E441.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Amasia [Amasya], 1 female (leg. Lederer) (Nr. 5567) (paralectotype of I. amplipennis) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD202F2E9E441.taxon	discussion	Remarks. One female (paralectotype of Isophya amplipennis) collected from Amasya belongs to this species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD106F32BE545.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey, Osmaniye, AslantaŞ Barajı, 81 m, 37.15.582 N, 26.16.237 E, 17.6.2005, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD106F32BE545.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This male was erroneously reported as I. rodsjankoi (Ünal 2010: 132).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD5A9F229E1A5.taxon	description	(Figs. 22 – 32) Steinmann 1966: 416 as Nephoptera sinica.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA9FF0CD5A9F229E1A5.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. China, Kiangsi: Lushan Mountains. Holotype. female (HNHM). Distribution. Known only from the type locality. China, Kiangsi: Lushan Mountains (Steinmann 1966).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA8FF0CD0C2F4C1E303.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Azerbaijan: Baku, 1 male (Lectotype, here designated) (leg. O. Schneider) (det. Br. v. W.), 1 female with the same label data (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6EFFA8FF0CD0C2F4C1E303.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Although the author (Ünal 2005: 429) gave the type specimens as holo- and paratypes, they are in fact still syntypes. Brunner (1878: 67) described this species with both male and female sexes. The male of two syntypes (see Material examined above) in the collections of Brunner (NMW) is designated as lectotype for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and methods sections.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFA8FF0CD6C9F6ECE677.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Amasia [Amasya], 1 male (Nr. 5564) (Lectotype, here designated) (leg. Lederer) (det. Br. v. W.); Amasia, 8 males, 3 females (leg. Lederer) (det. Br. v. W.); Amasia, 1860, 2 males (leg. Mann) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFA8FF0CD6C9F6ECE677.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1878: 69) described both sexes of this species in the original description. The type specimens are syntypes. Although they collected from the same location, for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and Methods sections. The name-bearing type should be fixed. One male, with the 5564 specimen number, which was given in the original description, is designated here as lectotype. This species was synonymized with I. schneideri by the author (Ünal 2005: 429). Later, it is given as a valid species (Mol et al. 2016, OSF). The similarity between the two species is very great. The male tegmina in the type specimen has a longer CuP; this part of the tegmen reaches beyond the pronotum laterally in I. schneideri, but it is shorter in the type of I. acuminata. However, I. schneideri populations are variable as stated in Ünal (2005). I think that I. hakkarica Karabağ, 1962 may also be a synonym with these two species or a very close relative. Morphological separation of them is very difficult. All three species are found in the eastern half of Anatolia. Their type localities are quite distant compared with many other species of Isophya. For the present, this species is listed here, with reservation.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFA8FF0CD3D5F5DBE4FF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: [İstanbul], Bosphorus, Iasmabug [probably Ayazma], 1 male (Nr. 5883) (Lectotype, here designated) (leg. et det. Br. V. W.), 1 female with the same label data; [İstanbul], Therapia [Tarabya], 1 female (Nr. 5877) (leg. et det. Br. V. W.); [İstanbul], Gioksu [Göksu, Asian side of Bosphorus], 1 female (not a type) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFA8FF0CD3D5F5DBE4FF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1878: 62, 63) described this species based on 3 specimens with the following specimen numbers: 5877, 5883, 5890 (1 male and 2 females) in the original description. Ramme (1951: 163) gave 1 male from Therapia (İstanbul) as “ typus ”. However, this male is not one of the 3 syntypes. Because the only male in the syntypes was not found in Therapia. The male (from Therapia) given by Ramme has not been found in the collections of MfN and NMW. Since there is more than one syntype of both sexes (for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and Methods sections) from 2 locations, the name-bearing type is needed for this species. The only male of the syntypes from İstanbul, Bosphorus, Iasmabug [probably Ayazma] (European side of Bosphorus) is designated here as the lectotype.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	description	(Figs. 33 – 46)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Çorum Prov., Ortaköy Distr., Oruçpınar Vill., 1100 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex (Fig. 33) wide, 1.3 times narrower than antennal scape, lateral margins almost parallel, rounded at apex, with a distinct dorsal fossa. Pronotum (Figs. 34, 35) cylindrical in prozona, slightly widened and flattened in metazona; dorsal surface smooth and straight, very weakly raised in metazona; anterior margin straight, posterior margin slightly convex in dorsal view. Tegmina (Figs. 34, 35) 1.3 times longer than pronotum, reaching slightly beyond second abdominal tergite; as wide as posterior margin of pronotum at visible base, gradually widened backwards in dorsal view; CuP thin, 1 / 4 shorter than posterior margin of pronotum. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate 1.25 times wider than long, rounded at hind margin. Cercus (Fig. 38) slender, basal 3 / 4 part weakly and gradually incurved and narrowed; apical part more strongly and somewhat gradually incurved and narrowed, pointed at apex with a distinct, narrow triangular apical denticle, which in accordance with the apical constriction, like the tip of a pencil; apical incurved part not upcurved in posterior view. Subgenital plate (Fig. 39) 1.7 times longer than wide; distal part bent upwards along its length under an obtuse angle in lateral view; reaching beyond the half length of cercus (Fig. 37); ventral surface with two longitudinal swellings just behind the apical lobes; with a tongue shaped posterior incision and 2 apical lobes with same size and shape of posterior incision; in some paratype posterior lobes and incision more triangular than that of holotype. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex (Fig. 40) wide, almost as wide as antennal scape; elliptical, but rounded at apex, with a dorsal fossa. Pronotum (Figs. 43, 44) almost cylindrical, weakly widened in metazona; dorsal margin straight in lateral view; anterior margin weakly concave, posterior margin slightly convex. Tegmina (Figs. 43, 44) slightly wider than posterior margin of pronotum in dorsal view; reaching just beyond the half of the first abdominal tergite; each tegmen broadly rounded at hind margin; twice as short as pronotum. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal 1.5 times wider than long, narrowly rounded at hind margin. Cercus simple, long conical, slightly incurved along its length, and weakly longer than supra anal plate. Subgenital plate (Fig. 45) short and wide, 3 times wider than long, rounded along its hind margin, but with a blunt, tongue-shaped projection in the middle; in some paratypes subgenital plate more triangular. Ovipositor (Fig. 46) 2.2 times longer than pronotum, moderately upcurved along its length, with 8 upper and 6 lower apical teeth; in paratypes, upper and lower valves with 6 – 8 apical teeth; posterior margin of gonangulum with a small, more or less distinct incision in the middle of the lower half. Colouration. In dry specimens, green colour mostly replaced with creamish milky-brown. Body green with black, cream and reddish spots, bands and stains. Face greenish cream. Antennae light brown. Dorsal surface of head, pronotum, all legs, abdomen with brown and black small spots; a typical marble-white band lies from behind the eye to the end of tegmina laterally. Pronotum with a median thin light stripe along its length in dorsal view. Tegmina green with lighter veins. Abdomen with 2 parallel longitudinal light bands along its length, these more distinct in males. Subgenital plate and ovipositor green; serrated part of ovipositor dark green, tips of apical teeth black.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new species is a member of the I. rectipennis sp. group as suggested by the width of the fastigium of vertex, the shapes of pronotum and tegmina and the length and curvature of ovipositor. It is most closely related to I. rectipennis but differs from it by the shape of male cercus [in I. rectipennis, cercus straighter (Fig. 3 of Ünal 2003), apical fifth more sharply incurved and pointed with a sharper apical denticle; apical incurved part also upcurved in posterior view], the longer male subgenital plate [in I. rectipennis (Fig. 11 of Ünal 2003) distinctly shorter, reaching at most 1 / 3 of cercus], the wider fastigium of vertex, the thinner CuP, the longer and less upcurved ovipositor, the shape of gonangulum [in I. rectipennis (Fig. 19 of Ünal 2003) gonangulum mainly concave at posterior margin and posterior notch at the base]. Isophya bozlak differs from I. pavelii by the shape of male cercus [In I. pavelii, cercus (Fig. 2 of Ünal 2003) gently incurved along its length with a very distinct, sharp, longer, separated and slightly incurved apical denticle), the narrower fastigium of vertex (In I. pavelii slightly wider than scapus), the shape of gonangulum (compare Fig. 46 with Fig. 18 of Ünal 2003), the thinner and less distinct CuP (In I. pavelii, CuP typically very distinct and wider near to costal side than remaining part). Isophya bozlak is also similar to I. ilkazi. It differs from it by the shape of male cercus [In I. ilkazi, cercus (Fig. 5 of Ünal 2003) clearly stouter, with a more distinct, separated and incurved apical denticle), the less distinct, thinner and longer CuP (In I. ilkazi very distinct, wide and short), the longer and straighter ovipositor [In I. ilkazi, ovipositor clearly short and more upcurved), the shape of gonangulum (In I. ilkazi, regularly D-shaped, without posterior notch). The general appearance of Isophya bozlak is also similar to I. nervosa, I. stenocauda, and I. obenbergeri. But this new species is easily separated from them by the shape of male cercus which bears a single apical denticle (in these species cercus more or less carinate apex), the wider fastigium of vertex, the shape of gonangulum.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 21.2; pronotum 4.2; tegmina visible 5.4; hind femur 16.7. Allotype (female). Length of body 21.4; pronotum 4.4; tegmina visible 2.2; hind femur 18.6; ovipositor 9.7. Paratypes. Length of body: male 20 – 21.2, female 20.8 – 22.9; pronotum: male 3.9 – 4.6, female 4.2 – 5.3; tegmina visible: male 5 – 5.6, female 1.9 – 2.4; hind femur: male 16.1 – 17.7, female 16.3 – 19.4; ovipositor: 9.4 – 11.3.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Turkey: Çorum Prov., Ortaköy, Oruçpınar Köyü, 1100 m., 40.17.092 N, 35.12.156 E, 4.7.2006, 4 males (including holotype), 1 female; Çorum Prov., Ortaköy, Fındıkbeli Köyü, 1200 – 1450 m, 10.8.2005, 1 female; Çorum Prov., Karadağ, İbek-Cevizli, 1035 m, 40.20.710 N, 35.15.055 E, 4.7.2006, 2 males, 1 female; Amasya, Merzifon, Çakır Dağı, YeŞiltepe Köyü, 1096 m, 40.40.502 N, 35.26.285 E, 3.7.2006, 3 males, 2 females, Çakır Dağı, Kızıleyrek-Selimiye, 935 m, 3.7.2006, 2 females; Tokat, Zile, Buzluk Dağı, 1300 m, 40.24.976 N, 35.49.900 E, 5.7.2006, 1 male, 5 females; Tokat, Zile, Çekerek Yolu, Palanlı Köyü, 1110 m, 4.7.2006, 1 male; Yozgat, Çekerek, Alaca Yolu, Bazlambaç Köyü, 1100 m, 6.7.2006, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM); Kırıkkale Prov., 39 kms E of Kırıkkale, Yenihan, 1.7.1960, 1 male (leg. K. M. Guichard and D. H. Harvey) (NHM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. “ Bozlak ” is a genre of slow Turkish folk music characterized by melancholic, sorrowful, and heartwrenching songs. It originates from the central and northern parts of Central Anatolia, particularly the provinces of KırŞehir, Kırıkkale, Çorum, and Yozgat. This new species is found in almost the same region of Turkey.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6FFFAAFF0CD195F565E1E6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The morphological differences between some species can only be seen when compared, together with related species, as in this new species. Otherwise, this species can easily be confused with other species. The genus Isophya usually includes such similar species. This new species was compared to all related species, with large collections including the type specimens in the collections of AİBÜEM, NMW, MfN, and ZIN. A male from Kırıkkale Province was previously given as Isophya schneideri by the author (Ünal 2005: 429; Ünal 2006 b: 6), which belongs to this new species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6DFFB5FF0CD375F37AE3CB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Anatolien, ca. 12 km NO Anamur, Hügel mit Kurzhasen, Blüten, 1969, 1 female (leg. Pretzman) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6DFFB5FF0CD375F37AE3CB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This single female was identified as I. major in the collection. It is I. salmani. Genus Poecilimon Fischer, 1853	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB6DFFB5FF0CD375F37AE3CB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Heller (in Heller et al. 2011) established this subgenus for the following species: P. hamatus, P. paros, P. klausgerhardi, P. deplanatus, P. ikariensis, and P. unispinosus. The position of this group in the phylogenetic trees based on molecular methods is the base of the trees as an ancestral group, which is the main reason for the description of the subgenus Hamatopoecilimon (Heller et al. 2011; Borissov et al. 2023). Morphologically, the nongreen colouration (Fig. 47) was considered different from the remaining species of Poecilimon. However, there are some species with strongly darkened, blackened colouration (without green colour) very similar to this group, such as some populations of Poecilimon zonatus (Fig. 48), P. bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov. (Figs. 123, 129). The males have some characters unique to the genus, such as the structure of the male cerci of P. hamatus, P. paros, and P. klausgerhardi. But the other members of the subgenus, P. unispinosus, P. deplanatus, and P. ikariensis, do not have similar cerci. On the other hand, some species in the nominotypical subgenus have unusual male cerci as in Poecilimon cervus, P. concinnus, P. cervoides, P. tevfikarabagi, etc. The size and song characteristics are not separate this subgenus (as a group) from all members of the nominotypical subgenus, and there are always some similar species with these characters (Heller et al. 2011; Borissov et al. 2023). Besides, the females of Hamatopoecilimon are typical members of Poecilimon and cannot be separated from the females of the nominotypical subgenus by a distinct character. The females should be recognized at the genus level. The ancestral position on the phylogenetic trees based on molecular data of this group is the only distinct data that separates it from the others. It is, in fact, not beyond a species group. P. hamatus sp. group for P. hamatus, P. paros, and P. klausgerhardi was proposed by the author (Ünal 2010). Molecular studies play a crucial role in understanding the relationships among different taxa. However, the descriptions of new genus group taxa are not reliable unless they are supported by distinctive morphological characteristics in both sexes. In recent descriptions of new taxa based on morphology, song and molecular methods, the female sex has been ignored. This is taxonomically an important deficiency (see Introduction and Conclusions). After the author’s study (Ünal 2010) on the species groups of Isophya and Poecilimon and the phylogenetic study by Ullrich et al. (2010), some papers related to the grouping of the species of the same genera were published. The species groups and their relationships will be addressed in a further study.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB5FF0CD539F58DE13B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: [İzmir Prov.], Ephesus [Efes], 1 male (Nr. 5925) (Lectotype, here designated) (leg. et det. Br. v. W.); Smyrna, Kis. avle, 1 female (Nr. 8149) (leg. et det. Br. v. W.); Greece: Rhodos, 1 male (Nr. 6494) (leg. Erber) (det. Br. v. W.) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB5FF0CD539F58DE13B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1878: 40, 41) described this species based on 3 syntypes collected from 3 locations, Ephesus, Smyrna (Turkey), and Rhodos (Greece). The type specimens are syntypes. The male from Ephesus is here designated as lectotype to fix its sex and type locality.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	description	(Figs. 49 – 64, 311 – 313)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Antalya Prov., Alanya Distr., Gökbel Plateau, Akdağ, 2050 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex (Fig. 49) very narrow, 1.5 times narrower than antennal scape, dorsal fossa indistinct but distinguishable by the light color; anterior end rounded. Pronotum (Figs. 50, 51) relatively long, 1.8 times longer than high; anterior margin and metazona raised in lateral margin; metazona roundly elevated and descended at hind margin; paranota, just behind the third sulcus, distinctly expanded downwards; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin with a small concavity in the middle in dorsal view, but in paratypes almost straight. Tegmina (Figs. 50, 51) almost fully concealed under pronotum, only the tips visible in lateral and dorsal views, but in some paratypes fully covered by pronotum, reaching to half of the first abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Last abdominal tergite rectangular, posterior margin straight. Supra anal plate almost semicircle, 1.4 times wider than long, in some paratypes slightly shorter; parabolic or rounded. Cercus (Fig. 56) stout, short, strongly widened at base, narrowed towards the end of proximal part; apical part strongly and sharply incurved under at right angle; base of the incurved part wider than previous section; with 3 posterior denticles, apex pointed and downcurved, with a small apical denticle; posterior view of cerci S-shaped (Fig. 57); in paratypes posterior margin with 2 – 4 denticles; distal part typically black. Subgenital plate (Fig. 55) 1.4 times longer than wide; posterior margin quite wide and truncate. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex as in male, 1.7 times narrower than antennal scape, dorsal fossa very weak as in male. Pronotum (Figs. 61, 62) long, anterior margin and metazona weakly raised in lateral view; posterior margin descended; paranora as in male; anterior margin straight, posterior margin broadly rounded. Tegmina present, contiguous at dorsum; fully concealed under pronotum. Hind femur as in male. Last abdominal tergite narrowed posteriorly, hind margin slightly concave. Supra anal plate almost semicircular, two times wider than long. Cercus simple, conical, slightly longer than pura anal plate. Subgenital plate (Fig. 63) almost twice as wide as long, with a distinct longitudinal median carina, broadly rounded at hind margin, but with an indistinct projection in the middle. Ovipositor (Fig. 64) short, only 1.4 times longer than pronotum and 1.7 times shorter than hind femur; with 9 upper and 12 lower apical teeth, but in paratypes number of apical teeth lower; gonangulum and basal fold of lower valve as in Fig. 64. Colouration. Body green, very typically with numerous black spots, and black and orange stains (Figs. 311, 312). In most of the dry specimens green colour replaced with yellowish cream. Face yellow or yellowish green. Scapus greenish yellow, inner side black. Antennae black, with sparse light rings. Dorsal surface of head, prozona of pronotum except anterior margin, all legs, dorsal surface of abdomen with mainly rounded dense black spots. Apical ends of femora black. Anterior margins of abdominal tergites (especially in males) with transversal, irregular black band, which is distinct in 5 – 8 tergites, also in females. Anterior margin of pronotum, metazona and last 2 abdominal tergites distinctly orange. Lateral sides of pronotum, green-yellowish green. Ventral part of abdomen in lateral view and ventral appearance of body, including subgenital plates yellow. Male cercus yellow, but typically the distal part black. Basal part of ovipositor yellowish, turns to green towards the serrated apex; apical teeth dark brown.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This unique species is a member of the P. brunneri species group (Ünal 2010). It is easily recognizable as a member of the genus by the shape of pronotum, tegmina, subgenital plates, male cercus, and ovipositor with gonangulum and basal fold. It is most closely related to P. bilgeri as suggested by the sharply incurved apical part of male cercus and the female subgenital plate with a distinct median carina. But it is very different in the shapes of male cercus, pronotum in both sexes, subgenital plates, the basal fold of ventral valve of ovipositor and colouration.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 16; pronotum 4.8; tegmina 0.4; hind femur 12.3. Allotype (female). Length of body 16.8; pronotum 5.4; hind femur 13; ovipositor 7.5. Paratypes. Length of body: male 15.1 – 17.2, female 15.6 – 17.9; pronotum: male 4.9 – 5.6, female 5.3 – 5.6; tegmina visible: male 0 – 0.6; hind femur: male 12.1 – 13, female 12.9 – 13.8; ovipositor: 7.6 - 8.1.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya Province, Alanya, Gökbel Yaylası, Akdağ, 36.40.648 N, 32.16.519 E, 2050 m, 16.7.2017, 15 males (including holotype), 11 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AIBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The term “ allegro ” in classical music refers to fast and cheerful pieces. Interestingly, the locomotion habits of this new species were surprisingly rapid, unlike the other members of its genus. When I approached, many specimens jumped from the host plant to the ground, trying to escape quickly down the steep slope. I thought it would make a nice combination to pair this fascinating behaviour with “ The Dance of the Little Swans ” by Tchaikovsky.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB72FFB4FF0CD489F208E63F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new species was discovered on Ferula sp. as a host plant on a dry, steep mountain slope with sparse vegetation, primarily consisting of Astragalus sp. and Acantholimon sp., on the rocky ground (Fig. 313).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB73FFB7FF0CD071F35EE37B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: [İzmir Prov.], Bosdagh [Bozdağ], 1 male (Lectotype, here designated) (leg. Lederer); Smyrna [İzmir], 2 males, 1 female (Br. v. W.) (syntypes of P. smyrnensis) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB73FFB7FF0CD071F35EE37B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1878: 44) described this species based on 1 male and 1 female syntype. This single male is here designated as lectotype to fix the sex and the name-bearing type (see the Introduction and Material and method sections). At the type locality, Bozdağ, more than one species of Poecilimon occurs. Since it is easier to confuse the females, the name-bearing type should, therefore, be the male for this species. The single female (syntype) has not been found in the collections of the NMW and MfN. Other specimens labelled as syntypes under this species in the same collection of the NMW belong to P. smyrnensis, a synonym of this species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB73FFB4FF0CD3D4F558E71F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species group was recently reviewed three times by three groups of authors, using acoustic and molecular methods. Although one of the authors provided two reviews, the results and classification of each study were different from each other. The present situation of this group is more chaotic than the previous state. This group will be addressed in a further study.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB73FFB4FF0CD2B5F65EE411.taxon	description	(Fig. 48)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB73FFB4FF0CD2B5F65EE411.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Denizli Prov., Bozdağ, 2250 – 2400 m, 16.7.2023, 4 males, 4 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB70FFB7FF0CD365F49EE5ED.taxon	description	(Figs. 65 – 66) Barbitistes concinna Fieber in litt.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB70FFB7FF0CD365F49EE5ED.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Amasia [Amasya Prov.], 1 male (holotype) (leg. Mann) (det. Fieber) (det. Br. v. W. as Poecilimon concinna Fieb.) (det. Ramme as concinnus); Amasia, 1 male (leg. Mann) (det. Ramme as P. concinnus) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB70FFB7FF0CD365F49EE5ED.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The author of this species has been cited as Brunner von Wattenwyl up to date. The original description of this species was presented for the first time in Brunner von Wattenwyl (1878: 41). However, its description and drawings were actually created by Fieber (Fig. 65). This fact is evident in a historical correspondence from Brunner (Fig. 66), which was translated by Dr. Susanne Randolf (NMW) for this study. Before his death, Fieber, who both described and illustrated the species, sent his work to Brunner. In his publication (Brunner, 1878: 41, 42), Brunner acknowledged Fieber as the author of the species but published Fieber’s description (without the figures). Brunner also briefly noted this situation in footnotes on related pages (Brunner, 1878: 39 and 1882: 258). Therefore, the correct author of this species should be recognized as Fieber. Two males with the same label occur in the collections of the NMW, but one male was used in the description. Therefore, the male determined by Fieber is the holotype of this species. The other male is not a type. For the same reason, the authors of the below species are Fieber, instead of Brunner von Wattenwyl.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB70FFB7FF0CD6C9F4F4E1E7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Syria: Gebellie, 6 males, 6 females (leg. Leuthner); Ladakia, 1 male, 1 female (leg. Leuthner); Lebanon: Tripolis, 3 males (leg. Leuthner); Israel: Jerusalem, 1 male (lectotype), 2 females (leg. Leuthner); Turkey: Söört b. Bitlis [Siirt Province], 7 males, 2 females (leg. Sikora) (NMW); Syria: Syrien, 1 male, 1 female (leg. Leuthner) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB70FFB7FF0CD6C9F4F4E1E7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1891: 29), describing this species, gave the type localities as “ Syria (Beirut, Hierosolyma), Bitlis in Asia minore ”. In the collection of Brunner (NMW), there is no specimen labelled as “ Beirut ” and “ Hierosolyma ”. However, some specimens from Tripoli (a city, N of Beirut) and Jerusalem are available. The other “ type locality ” is “ Söört b. Bitlis ” in the label. Söört [Siirt] is a Province of Turkey in the present day. Harz (1969: 146) published the type locality as Beirut. However, this is not a valid lectotype designation. Heller et al. (2008) designated the male from Jerusalem [Hierosolyma] as the lectotype. Interestingly, this species was not listed in the Palestinian and Israeli fauna (Bodenheimer 1935; Ayal et al. 1999).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	description	(Figs. 67 – 80, 314 – 316)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Denizli Prov., Bozdağ, 2200 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex (Fig. 67) only 1.1 times narrower than antennal scape, with a very weak dorsal fossa; rounded at apex. Pronotum (Figs. 70, 71) cylindrical in prozona, raised and widened in metazona; anterior and posterior margins concave in dorsal view. Tegmina (Figs. 70, 71) reaching slightly beyond the end of the first abdominal tergite, in paratypes at most reaching to the end of the second abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate simple, wider than long, posterior margin broadly rounded. Cercus (Figs. 72, 73) very strongly incurved along its length, almost C-shaped; proximal part broad, slightly narrowed towards distal part; distal third strongly re-curved (inwards) and slightly depressed dorso-ventrally; apex wide and blunt, with a small subapical denticle at the longer upper (anterior) corner of the apex and with 2 small denticles at lower (posterior) corner of the apex; in some paratypes apex of male cercus with additional 1 – 2 denticles between both corners. Subgenital plate (Fig. 74) long and narrow, 1.7 times longer than wide; distal half upcurved under an obtuse angle; posterior lobes long, narrow-triangular, slightly upcurved, their apices weakly incurved; posterior incision between these lobes very deep, V-shaped, but rounded at the bottom. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex as in male, 1.3 times narrower than antennal scape. Pronotum (Figs. 77, 78) cylindrical, slightly compressed laterally in prozona; dorsal margin straight and slightly sloping in lateral view; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin straight. Tegmina absent. Hind femur as in male. Supra anal plate twice as wide as long, rounded. Cercus narrow, conical, slightly incurved along its length. Subgenital plate (Fig. 79) wide triangular, 2.4 times wider than long, apex narrowly rounded. Ovipositor (Fig. 80) short and high, narrowed in the middle part, widened in both ends, 1.6 times longer than pronotum; with 8 upper and 9 lower apical teeth; gonaglum wide recangular, but dorso-posterior corner rounded; basal fold of lower valve with a distinct, rounded hole just below the gonangulum; basal fold extended to the 9 th tergite (Fig. 80). Colouration. Body green with black, dark brown, reddish brown spots, stains (Figs. 315, 316). In dry specimens, green colour replaced with yellowish, milky-brownish cream. Face milky-brownish cream. Antennae with very dense black rings. Posterior half of head with two D-shaped black stains in dorsal view. Remaining part of dorsal surface of head, prozona of pronotum, all legs, lateral sides of abdomen with dense, small black spots. Dorsal surface of head and prozona with a thin light stripe in the middle. Prozona of pronotum and sometimes some abdominal tergites reddish between the black spots. Tegmina yellow, but radial, medial and cubital fields including CuP black on left tegmen dorsally. Abdominal tergites with irregular, almost large triangular black stains in the middle and on both sides of this central stain, with a basal large black spot. Male cercus milky brown, apical part or apex blackened. Subgenital plates milky brown. Ovipositor creamish milky brown, with two large black spots at the base of upper valves in dorsal view; tips of apical teeth brown.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This unique species is a member of the P. luschani species group. It is easily recognizable in the group by the different shape of male cercus with a very strongly incurved structure, almost C-shaped, and a widened, blunt apex. The subgenital plate is similar to P. helleri. But the pronotum is less raised than P. helleri and P. egrigozi. The short and high ovipositor is different from P. luschani, P. egrigozi and P. helleri, which is similar to P. ledereri, but the male cercus is very different.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 19.2; pronotum 4.5; tegmina visible 2.6; hind femur 12. Allotype (female). Length of body 17.8; pronotum 4.4; hind femur 12.4; ovipositor 7.2. Paratypes. Length of body: male 16.2 – 18.9, female 17 – 19.5; pronotum: male 3.8 – 4.7, female 4.2 – 4.7; tegmina visible: male 2 – 2.8; hind femur: male 11 – 12.2, female 11.9 – 13.2; ovipositor: 6.7 - 7.3.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Denizli Province, Bozdağ, 37.18.041 N, 29.11.220 E, 2200 – 2350 m, 15.7.2023, 13 males (including holotype), 9 females; 16.7.2023, 2250 m, 8 males, 5 females; 2400 m, 2 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AIBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Luwians were an ancient society that existed from around 2000 BC to 700 BC, making them one of the oldest indigenous groups in Anatolia. They were likely native to western Anatolia and descended from local Neolithic communities that had been in the region since as early as the 7 th millennium BC. Their original homeland was located in the southern part of West Anatolia. This new species probably cohabited the same mountainous areas as the “ Luwi ” people during that period.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB71FFB1FF0CD7A6F238E097.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new species was found in the alpine zone of Bozdağ (Fig. 314). The habitat is a typical Anatolian high mountain steppe, predominantly Astragalus sp. and Acantholimon sp. This place is also the type locality of Nocaracris bicoloripes (Uvarov, 1949) (Orthoptera, Pamphagidae). Dr. Malcolm Burr, geologist and entomologist, Dr. Peter Davis, botanist, the author and editor of the flora of Turkey, and Kamil Bey, a forest officer in Turkey, conducted a field trip to Bozdağ from July 14 to 17, 1947. In his field notes, Burr (1947: 150) remarked, “ Davis brought down some interesting Orthoptera from the top of the mountain (2421 m), including four female Nocarodes sp. [Nocaracris], two species of Poecilimon, and a redwinged Celes variabilis. The former two may very likely prove to be new species. ” In 1949, Uvarov described the pamphagid species N. bicoloripes based on these four females. However, there is no record of Poecilimon species from this mountain. Furthermore, despite extensive searches, this author has not found any Poecilimon sp. from Bozdağ (Denizli) in the collection at NHM London. During the author’s field trip, two Poecilimon species and Nocaracris bicoloripes, as mentioned by Burr, were found at the summit of the mountain (2200 – 2400 m). One of the Poecilimon species is identified as a new species, P. luwi sp. nov., which has not been found since 1947. The other species, P. zonatus, is listed above. Burr (1947: 148) adapted an old saying about Africa to describe Anatolia in his field notes on Bozdağ: “ Ex Anatolia semper aliquid novi! ” (There is always something new in Anatolia!). This new species, along with other newly identified species and subspecies from Anatolia discussed in this paper, supports Burr’s observation.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	description	(Figs. 81 – 93, 317 – 318)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Afyonkarahisar Prov., Sandıklı Distr., road to Şuhut, 1770 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex only 1.2 times narrower than antennal scape, with a very weak dorsal fossa; rounded at apex. Pronotum (Figs. 83, 84) cylindrical in prozona, strongly raised and widened in metazona; anterior margin almost straight, but with a small concavity in the middle, posterior margins slightly concave in dorsal view. Tegmina (Figs. 83, 84) reaching slightly beyond the end of the first abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate slightly wider than long, posterior margin narrowly rounded. Cercus (Figs. 85, 86) with wide proximal part, gradually narrowed towards the end of this part; apical third strongly incurved almost under right angle which forms it almost L-shaped, incurved part shaply and distinctly narrowed; apex somewhat blunt, pointed with an apical denticle near to upper (anterior) corner and shorter posterior (lower) corner of apex with 1 – 2 smaller denticles. Subgenital plate (Fig. 87) long and narrow, 1.8 times longer than wide; with a very deep U-shaped posterior incision, its bottom broadly rounded; posterior lobes at both sides of this incision almost spiniform, very narrow and pointed at apex, slightly incurved. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex as in male, but more indistinct. Pronotum (Fig. 90, 91) cylindrical and slightly compressed laterally in prozona; metazona weakly wider and raised; anterior margin of prozona slightly raised; anterior margin weakly concave, posterior margin weakly convex in dorsal view. Tegmina absent. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate almost triangular, 1.5 times wider than long. Cercus stout, slightly narrowed backwards, slightly longer than the supra anal plate. Subgenital plate (Fig. 92) wide and short, almost 3 times wider than long, rounded at apex. Ovipositor (Fig. 93) relatively long, 1.9 times longer than pronotum; upper valve with 8, lower valve with 9 apical teeth; gonangulum almost D-shaped; basal fold of lower valve with a rounded, wide hole just below the gonangulum. Colouration. Body green with black, brown, reddish, yellow marks, spots and stains (Figs. 317, 318). In dry specimens green colour replaced with milky-brown. Face yellowish milky-brown. Antennae with very dense and wide black rings. Dorsal surface of head, prozona of pronotum, abdomen (especially in male and lateral sides) and all legs, with dense, small blackish or brown spots; Metazona of pronotum with 2 longitudinal, reddish bands on dorsal surface (anterior parts of these bands blackened in male). Male abdomen with 3 longitudinal blackish bands consists of denser black spots; the middle one consists of very close or partly fused double bands. Male subgenital plate reddish in the mid part with dense reddish brown spots. Lateral view of ovipositor reddish brown in the mid part, darkened apically; apical teeth with blackish brown tips.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new subspecies is distinguished from nominotypical P. helleri and the other species of the group by the structure of the male subgenital plate which is characterised by very narrow (spiniform) posterior lobes (in contrast, the male subgenital plates of other species have shorter, almost narrow triangular lobes) and a broadly rounded posterior incision. It is easily recognizable by the male cercus, pronotum, subgenital plates, and ovipositor in the species group. The male cercus is similar to that of P. helleri, but in the new subspecies, the distal part of the cercus is longer and less curved, the pronotum is more raised, the subgenital plate has narrower and longer posterior lobes and is very deep, with a U-shaped posterior incision (almost 1 / 3 of the plate). Comparing the other subspecies in the P. luschani group, the odd distribution of this new taxon from the nominotypical subspecies is remarkable and supports its distinct status.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 19; pronotum 4.8; tegmina visible 2.2; hind femur 15. Allotype (female). Length of body 18.2; pronotum 4.7; hind femur 15; ovipositor 8.9. Paratypes. Length of body: male 17 – 19, female 17.9 – 20; pronotum: male 4.3 – 5.2, female 4.8 – 5.6; tegmina visible: male 1.8 – 2.6; hind femur: male 13.5 – 15, female 15.1 – 16.5; ovipositor: 8.2 - 9.7.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Turkey: Afyonkarahisar Prov., Sandıklı Distr., road to Şuhut, 38.28.034 N, 30.22.329 E, 1770 m, 8.7.2015, 18 males (including holotype), 13 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	etymology	Etymology. “ Zeybek ” is a folk dance that originates from the Aegean Region of Turkey. Slow movements, with a strong emphasis on balance, characterise this style. The dance resembles the movement patterns of this new subspecies found in the inner Aegean Region of Turkey.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB76FFB0FF0CD43DF2EFE097.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new subspecies was found on Urtica sp. on the western slope of the Sandıklı Mountain ridge.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB77FFB0FF0CD2FDF426E5F3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Konstantinopel, Süsse Wasser (eur) [İstanbul, European part, Tatlısu], Juni 1914, 1 male (Neotype, here designated), 4 males, 2 females (leg. W. Ramme) (MfN). Europ. Türkei, Kütschük Tschekmekje [Küçükçekmece], 1911, 1 male (paratype of P. miramae) (Leg. Fahringer) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB77FFB0FF0CD2FDF426E5F3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was collected from Büyükdere on the Bosphorus, located on the European side of İstanbul (Retowski 1889). The original type specimens for this species are probably lost (pers. Commun. A. V. Gorochov, ZIN, St. Petersburg) (see also P. similis above). It is necessary to designate a type specimen that accurately represents the true P. bidens. Therefore, a neotype is designated from the specimens collected from the European side of İstanbul. A male paratype of P. miramae belongs to this species. This species is most similar to recently described P. roseoviridis Chobanov et Kaya, 2012. However, it was not compared to others in the description. A series of specimens was recorded as P. bidens from Kırklareli Province, where the Bulgarian border of Turkey, by Ünal (2010: 158), which record was not mentioned by Kaya et al. (2012: 19). It seems that P. roseoviridis is a population of this species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB77FFB0FF0CD4F5F419E757.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Artvin Prov., Borçka Distr., Maçahel (Camili) Vill., 400 m, 25.6.2001, 1 male (Neotype, here designated), plus 8 males, 5 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB77FFB0FF0CD4F5F419E757.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Retowski (1889: 220) described this species after 1 male, 1 female from Sinop (Turkey) and 1 male from Batum (Georgia). Bey-Bienko (1954: 334, 336) did not study the type specimens, but he selected Batum as the type locality. This is a valid lectotype designation (pers. commun. Holger Brown). However, the type specimens (2 males, 1 female) are probably lost (pers. commun. A. V. Gorochov, ZIN, St. Petersburg). All comparisons and taxonomic decisions for this species made after Bey-Bienko (1954) were based on Transcaucasian specimens, including the type locality in Batum. This species group encompasses several closely related species. Therefore, it is necessary to designate a neotype to clarify this species. Here, a male specimen from Maçahel (Camili) in Turkey, located just 15 km south of Batum, is designated as the neotype.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB3FF0CD5CCF393E434.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Brussa, [Bursa Prov., Uludağ], Coll. Br. v. W., Türk 1870, DORSA BTpoeanaS 05, 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), DORSA BTpoeanaS 09, 1 female (paralectotype); Anatolien, Karacabey, 1932, 2 males, 2 females (paralectotypes) (d. Wichgraft) (MfN); Brussa, 3 males, 1 female (paralectotypes) (det. Br. v. W. as P. flavescens) (NMW). Non-types: Turkey: Brussa, 1 female (det. Br. v. W. as P. flavescens) (NMW); Anatolien, Karacabey, 1932, 1 male, 2 females (d. Wichgraft); NW Anatolien, Bithyn. Olymp. B. Brussa, 1900 – 2000 m, 13 – 14.8.1937, 3 males, 1 female (Ramme) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB3FF0CD5CCF393E434.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ramme (1933) did not provide any information about the type specimens or the label data in his original description. However, he mentioned the type specimens again in 1951 (Ramme 1951: 338). According to him, the type series of P. anatolicus includes 4 males and 2 females from Brunner’s “ flavescens ” types in NMW, as well as 2 males and 2 females from Asia Minor in MfN. The type series is detailed in the first paragraph of the Material Examined section above. Currently, one male and one female of Brunner’s specimens are deposited in MfN, while the others are not included in the type series. Furthermore, neither Ramme (1933, 1951) nor subsequent authors designated a holotype or lectotype for this species. The type series encompasses two locations. Therefore, one male from Brunner’s specimens in MfN is here designated as the lectotype. It is evident that Ramme (1933) primarily described and illustrated this male. After a careful comparison of all listed specimens and a thorough review of their history, it has been determined that the exact location of Brunner’s specimens is Uludağ, Bursa Province. According to Kaya et al. (2012) and Chobanov et al. (2015), this species is considered a synonym of P. sureyanus. As shown in Ünal (2010, Figs. 79 and 81) and Ünal (2012), both species can be easily distinguished morphologically. The allotype female of P. sureyanus, described by Uvarov in 1930, actually belongs to Isophya amplipennis (Bey-Bienko, 1954), yet it continues to be listed under P. sureyanus on OSF. The distinction between P. sureyanus and P. anatolicus is confirmed by the lectotype of P. anatolicus deposited at the Museum für Naturkunde (MfN). The selection of this lectotype also establishes Uludağ as the type locality for P. anatolicus.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB2FF0CD1DCF6BCE2B3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Greece: Kavala, Mt. Pangaio, above Akrovouni, 1250 m, 5.8.1979, 1 male, 1300 m, 17.7.1982, 1 female (leg. F. Willemse) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB2FF0CD1DCF6BCE2B3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was originally described from Kavala, Ori Lekanis (the type locality), and Pangaio (Pangeon). It was synonymized with P. anatolicus by Heller (1988) and Tilmans et al. (1989). The late Fer Willemse sent me a couple of P. rufonitens specimens collected from Mt. Pangaio, the location of the paratypes for this species. These specimens fully agree with the original description and the figures 3 and 4 from Ingrisch et Pavicevic (1985: 52, 53), and they are distinctly different from P. anatolicus. Based on a detailed morphological comparison with specimens collected from Uludağ (the type locality of P. anatolicus), I conclude that P. rufonitens should be considered a valid species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB3FF0CD7E8F65EE07F.taxon	description	(Figs. 94 – 98)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB3FF0CD7E8F65EE07F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Konstantinopel [İstanbul Prov.], 9.5.1908, 2 males, 1 female (paratypes) (leg. v. Sydow) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB74FFB3FF0CD7E8F65EE07F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described by Ramme (1933: 547, 548) based on specimens from three locations. The holotype is from the Parnass Region of mainland Greece. The material examined here is paratypes from İstanbul. It was listed in Turkish fauna (Karabağ 1958: 28; Ünal 2011). According to Willemse (1982: 184), this record from İstanbul is quite improbable. There is no doubt that these three specimens belong to this species, and their label data as given above (Figs. 94 – 98). To date, it has not been found in İstanbul or Turkey again. It is possible that it is mislabelled.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	description	(Figs. 99 – 113)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., PınarbaŞı Distr., Kutlugedik Vill., 1000 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex very narrow, 3.3 times narrower than antennal scape, compressed laterally, therefore its apex more angular (not rounded), with a weak dorsal fossa; in some males slightly wider. Pronotum (Figs. 101, 102) cylindrical in prozona, slightly flattened and widened in metazona; paranota compressed laterally, therefore shoulders distinct; pronotum not high in lateral view; anterior part of prozona weakly, metazona gradually and gently raised in lateral view; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin slightly convex in dorsal view. Tegmina (Figs. 101, 102) slightly narrower than posterior margin of pronotum; reaching slightly beyond the end of the first abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate weakly wider than long, rounded at hind margin. Cercus (Figs. 103, 104) relatively slender, basal part narrow conical, weakly incurved; apical 1 / 3 part gradually and gently incurved, posterior margin and dorso-inner margin of cercal apex armed with a row of denticles, these 2 rows meet at apex; this serrated part narrow in dorsal view, gradually and roundly downcurved in posterior view (Fig. 107), with a single apical denticle; posterior margin with 10, dorso-inner margin with 6 denticles except the apical one. Subgenital plate (Fig. 106) long, more than twice as long as wide; distal part narrow, with a deep and narrow posterior incision, which deeper than wide; lateral lobes thickened and incurved. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex narrow, 2.9 times narrower than antennal scape, with a more distinct dorsal fossa than male. Pronotum (Figs. 110, 111) compressed laterally during the drying process, therefore not in natural form; almost cylindrical, slightly widened in posterior third; anterior margin weakly raised, remaining part straight in lateral view; anterior and posterior margins almost straight in dorsal view. Tegmina scale-like laterally, fully concealed under pronotum. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate slightly wider than long, rounded at hind margin. Cercus narrow conical, apical fourth slightly incurved, apex blunt. Subgenital plate (Fig. 112) triangular, almost twice as wide as long, with a triangular depression in the middle at the base. Ovipositor (Fig. 113) narrow (not high) and long, 2.2 times longer than pronotum, 6.3 times longer than its height in the mid part; apical serrated part widened, with 6 upper, 10 lower apical teeth; gonangulum narrow, its posterior margin straight; basal fold of lower valve almost triangular, slightly bent upwards. Colouration. In dry specimens, green colour replaced with creamish milky-brown. Body milky brown, with black spots, bands, reddish and yellow parts. Face yellowish cream. Antennae black with narrower (than black rings) yellowish cream rings. Occiput with 2 large black maculae, remaining dorsal surface of head, prozona of pronotum, all legs including tibias, abdomen and basal third of upper valve of ovipositor with dense, numerous, black spots. Dorsal sides of all tibias with a thin brown stripe along their lengths; ventral margins of femora with 2 parallel black stripes except basal half of hind femur; inner and outer sides of hind femora with a black band in the middle. Metazona of pronotum reddish in both sexes. Tegmina yellow in both sexes. Female first abdominal tergite yellow. Anterior margins of abdominal tergites (beginning from the second tergite) with irregular, in different size and sometimes partly transversal black bands, which sometimes divided into 3 parts (as 2 lateral, 1 central); apical third of male cercus black.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	discussion	Discussion. The populations of this new species were considered as P. naskrecki in Ünal (2003), which is a closely related species. It is separated from P. naskrecki mainly by the shape of the male cercus (in P. naskrecki, male cercus stouter, apical third strongly and sharply incurved, with 13 posterior and 3 – 5 dorsal denticles; serrated apical part wide and stout, very weakly or not downcurved) and the shape of longer and narrower ovipositor (in P. naskrecki, ovipositor not very long and higher, 1.7 times longer than pronotum and 5 times longer than its high in the mid part; gonangulum wider and rounded at posterior margin; basal fold of lower valve of ovipositor rounded, larger and more vertical). Other differences from P. naskrecki as follows: the narrower fastigium of the vertex (in P. naskrecki, rounded and wider), the male pronotum (in P. naskrecki, pronotum higher and anterior margin and metazona strongly raised), the male subgenital plate (in P. naskrecki, distal part distinctly wider and its posterior incision wider than its depth). The general appearance and apical configuration of the male cercus are also similar to P. similis. But, the shape of the stouter male cercus, male subgenital plate with deep posterior incision, and the shape of the longer ovipositor are very different. Moreover, both species are in different species groups.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 19; pronotum 4.1; tegmina visible 2; hind femur 13.3. Allotype (female). Length of body 18.3; pronotum 4.3; hind femur 13.7; ovipositor 9.5. Paratypes. Length of body: male 17.8 – 19.9, female 18.8 – 19.9; pronotum: male 3.7 – 4.6, female 4.1 – 4.4; tegmina visible: male 1.2 – 2.5; hind femur: male 12.8 – 14.8, female 14.8 – 15.1; ovipositor: 8.8 - 9.6.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. TURKEY: Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., PınarbaŞı, Kutlugedik Köyü, 1000 m, 19.7.2001, 4 males (including holotype), 1 female; Kastamonu Prov., PınarbaŞı-Ulus, UrŞan Köyü, 700 m, 19.7.2001, 5 males; Kastamonu Prov., Azdavay-Daday, 1200 m, 21.7.2001, 2 males; Kastamonu Prov., Şenpazar, Dağlı Köyü, 680 m, 20.7.2001, 1 male; Karabük Prov., Eflani, Çiftçiler-Yağlıca, 980 m, 19.7.2001, 5 males, 3 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBUEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Palaic people were inhabitants of the ancient “ Pala ” region in Anatolia, which existed from an unknown date until around 1180 BC. This area corresponds mainly to the present-day Western Black Sea (Batı Karadeniz) Region of Turkey, located in northwestern Anatolia. The Palaic people are considered one of the oldest societies in Anatolia, emerging just after the Hattians. This new species is found in the same region of Anatolia.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB75FFBDFF0CD611F6F6E1E7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The specimens of this new species were considered as P. naskrecki by the author (Ünal 2003). The present large collections of all species of Poecilimon in Turkey and neighbouring countries and regions (based on the type specimens and rich material) convinced its separate status, which is determined by stable characters also in different populations.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBDFF0CD4ADF7B6E44B.taxon	description	(Figs. 114 – 121)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBDFF0CD4ADF7B6E44B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: İstanbul Prov., Giöksu [Göksu, Anatolian side] (Bosph.), 1 male (Nr. 5889) (Br. v. W.) (Lectotype, here designated), 3 males, 3 females; Therapia [Tarabya, European side], 1 male (Br. v. W.) (NMW); [İstanbul], Giöksu [Göksu] (Bosph.), 1 male, 1 female (MfN). Ünal 2010: İstanbul Prov., European side, Atatürk Arboretumu, 10.6.2008, 3 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBDFF0CD4ADF7B6E44B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1878: 43) originally described this species using several males and one female collected from both sides of the Bosphorus in İstanbul. However, additional specimens with the same label have been found in two collections (NMW and MfN), which were labelled as “ paratypes. ” Nomenclaturally, these cannot be considered paratypes, as the type specimens remain syntypes. Given that the syntypes were collected from two different locations, it is necessary to fix the type locality. Therefore, one male specimen, numbered 5889, one of the two specimens cited by Brunner (1878: 43), is here designated as lectotype (see also the Introduction and Material and methods sections). All material, including the type specimens (Figs. 114 – 121) at MfN, NMW, and AİBÜEM, has been studied and compared with the newly described species and subspecies, P. ilgazi sp. nov. and P. bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	description	(Figs. 122 – 134)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Yedigöller, Tuzak Yayla, 1520 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex only 1.5 times narrower than antennal scape, with a narrow and long dorsal fossa; rounded at apex (in holotype, left apical corner roundly crushed, probably during collecting); in some paratypes slightly wider. Pronotum (Figs. 124, 125) saddle shaped, strongly constricted; anterior half of prozona and metazona strongly raised (almost 45 degree) and the latter widened; metazona 1.9 times wider than compressed part of prozona; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin with a wide triangular indentation; shoulders very distinct, inflated; ventral margin of paranota slightly bent outwards in dorsal view. Tegmina (Figs. 124, 125) following metazona quite wide, slightly narrower than hind margin of metazona; reaching beyond half of second abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate simple, rounded, wider than long; in some paratypes as long as wide. Cercus (Figs. 126, 127) stout as in the nominotypical subspecies, but larger, with 10 – 12 posterior denticles, including apical larger one, with a large dorsal denticle near apex which slightly shorter than apical denticle and which forms apex like a bifurcate in posterior view; apical fourth distinctly but not very strongly incurved. Subgenital plate (Fig. 128) with long distal part, posterior margin wide and truncate, slightly concave; in some paratypes, posterior incision more triangular, but shallow. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex wider than that of male, 1.3 times narrower than scapus, with a short and distinct dorsal fossa, distinctly rounded at anterior margin. Pronotum (Figs. 131, 132) saddle-shaped; prozona constricted laterally; anterior margin of prozona and metazona distinctly raised, which forms it a distinct concavity in lateral view; metazona slightly wider than prozona; anterior and posterior margins slightly concave in dorsal view. Tegmina very small, rounded, scale-like laterally. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate 1.6 times wider than long, almost triangular, but posterior corner narrowly rounded. Cercus narrow, apical fourth slightly incurved, apex blunt. Subgenital plate (Fig. 133) slightly wider than long, almost triangular, posterior corner narrowly rounded, with a triangular depression in the middle at the base. Ovipositor (Fig. 134) stout and high in the mid part, 5.4 times longer than high and 1.7 times longer than pronotum, its ventral margin very weakly convex; its serrated apical part sharply upcurved and pointed at apex, with 6 upper and 8 lower apical teeth; in other females, upper valve with 6 – 8, lower valve with 8 – 12 apical teeth; basal fold of lower valve slightly widened and broadly rounded at ventral margin. Colouration. In dry specimens, green colour replaced with creamish milky-brown. Body darkened with remarkable yellow, black and red marks, spots and stains. Face creamish milky brown. Antennae black with sparse (not very dense) creamish light rings. Dorsal surface of head with small black spots, occiput blackened. Pronotum typically with 3 transversal bands: anterior raised part of prozona yellow, remaining part of prozona black, and metazona reddish except the black posterior margin in both sexes, but the posterior part of prozona in female partly black with some creamish marks (in most females this part fully black); paranota at the beginning of metazona creamish with black spots. Tegmina yellow in both sexes, but the basal half (mostly under pronotum) in male blackened. All legs, including tibias with dense, rounded, black-brown spots; dorsal sides of tibias with a thin longitudinal brown stripe along their lengths; ventral sides of femora with 2 parallel longitudinal stripes along their lengths (partly on hind femora); outer and inner sides of hind femora with a longitudinal black band in the middle. Abdominal tergites (except first tergite) black with a thin light transversal stripe along posterior margin. First abdominal tergite yellow in both sexes. In lateral view, ventral half of abdomen also black, but gradually replaces with creamish brown downwards. Apical incurved part of male cercus black. Subgenital plates in both sexes pale yellowish cream. Ovipositor milky brown with small reddish spots; apical teeth black; its base with a black transversal band; basal part of ventral valve, its basal fold and ventral part of gonangulum darkened with reddish brown.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new subspecies has stout male cerci as in P. bosphorisus s. str. But it is separated from the nominotypical subspecies by the structure of pronotum in both sexes which is saddle shaped, anterior part of prozona and metazona strongly raised [in P. bosphorius bosphorius pronotum (Figs. 114, 118) near to P. similis species group with much less raised anterior margin and metazona in both sexes, and much less widened metazona], the wider posterior margin of male subgenital plate with distinctly broader and shallower posterior incision [in P. bosphorius bosphorius (Fig. 117) posterior margin narrow, clearly with a deep and narrow incision], the shape of ovipositor with sharply upcurved apical serrated part, the shape of the narrower basal fold of ovipositor with rounded ventral margin [in P. bosphorius bosphorius ovipositor (Fig. 120) short and its serrated apical part gradually and less curved; the basal fold triangularly expanded], and the colouration with strongly blackened body with remarkable yellow and red parts [in P. bosphorius bosphorius, body (Figs. 114, 115, 118, 119) almost unicolour green with small black spots in the type specimens and topotypes from İstanbul]. It is different from Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov., which is the closest species to P. bosphoricus s. lat. by the wider fastigium of vertex (in Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov. two times narrower than scapus, while 1.5 in this new subspecies), the strongly saddle shaped pronotum in both sexes, the stouter shape of male cercus [in Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov. cercus (Figs. 139, 141) much more slender, slightly incurved along its length], the shape of ovipositor which is shorter and higher [in Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov. ovipositor (Fig. 148) very long and narrow, serration part weakly or not widened], the basal fold of ovipositor roundly expanded ventrally (in Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov. basal fold very narrow and very slightly convex or straight at ventral margin), and the blackened colouration (see also description and diagnosis of Poecilimon ilgazi sp. nov. below).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 19; pronotum 4.5; tegmina visible 2.7; hind femur 13.8. Allotype (female). Length of body 19; pronotum 5.1; hind femur 14.9; ovipositor 8.7. Paratypes. Length of body: male 17.4 – 20.2, female 17.4 – 20.9; pronotum: male 4.2 – 5, female 4.7 – 5.2; tegmina visible: male 1.8 – 3.1; hind femur: male 12.5 – 13.4, female 13.8 – 14.6; ovipositor: 8.3 - 9.6.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Yedigöller, Tuzak Yayla, 1520 m, 24.6.2000, 11 males (including holotype), 11 females; Bolu prov., Yedigöller Yolu, Yığılca KavŞağı, 20.7.1997, 4 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	etymology	Etymology. In Latin, “ septemlacus ” means seven lakes (yedigöller in Turkish), which is the type locality of this new subspecies.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7AFFBFFF0CD10CF362E392.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new subspecies was given as P. bosphoricus in Ünal (2003).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	description	(Figs. 135 – 148, 319 – 320)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Tosya Distr., Ilgaz Pass, 1650 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex narrow, 2 times narrower than antennal scape, with a weak, narrow dorsal fossa. Pronotum (Figs. 137, 138) with constricted and cylindrical prozona; anterior part of prozona and metazona raised in lateral view; metazoma distinctly widened and slightly flattened in dorsal view; paranota compressed laterally; anterior and posterior margins of pronotum convex in dorsal view, in some males, anterior margin straight; shoulders distinct. Tegmina (Figs. 137, 138) wide, but slightly narrower than hind margin of metazona, reaching the end of second abdominal tergite. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate simple, almost as wide as long, rounded at hind margin. Cercus (Figs. 139, 141) slender, basal 2 / 3 part gently narrowed from the base to the end of this part; apical 1 / 3 part very slightly incurved and weakly widened; posterior margin with 11 denticles sorted as convex, innermost apical denticle larger; with a single dorsal denticle which is as large as apical one and not reaching beyond the borders of cercus in dorsal view (Fig. 141), and much shorter than apical denticle in posterior view (Fig. 140). Subgenital plate (Fig. 142) twice as long as wide, distal part (section with median carina in ventral view) shorter than proximal part, with a shallow, rounded posterior incision; in some males slightly deeper, but always wider than its depth. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex narrow, half of antennal scape, with a distinct elliptical dorsal fossa. Pronotum (Fig. 145, 146) almost cylindrical; anterior margin of prozona and metazona very slightly raised, almost straight in lateral view; anterior margin weakly concave, posterior margin slightly convex in dorsal view. Tegmina small, scale-like laterally, fully concealed under pronotum. Hind femur without ventral spines. Supra anal plate 1.4 times wider than long, very narrowly rounded at hind margin, nearly triangular. Cercus simple, conical, weakly incurved near apex; slightly longer than supra anal plate. Subgenital plate (Fig. 147) small, almost triangular, 1.7 times wider than long, with a triangular depression on ventral surface. Ovipositor (Fig. 148) slender, narrow and long, almost twice as long as pronotum, 6.7 times longer than high in the mid part, its ventral margin straight or very weakly convex; its serrated apical part sharply upcurved and pointed at apex, with 10 upper and 10 lower apical teeth; basal fold of lower valve narrow, its ventral margin almost straight or very slightly convex in some females. Colouration. In dry specimens, green colour replaced with creamish milky-brown. Body ground mainly milky brown, with black spots, black bands, reddish and yellow parts. Face creamish milky brown. Antennae with dense black rings. Dorsal surface of head with small black spots, one larger on occiput in the middle. Prozona of pronotum, all legs including tibias, and abdomen with numerous, small, rounded black spots. Metazona of pronotum reddish in the middle dorsally, with a transversal narrow black band at hind margin, which is wider in male. Tegmina yellow in both sexes, with blackened dorsal surface near to base in male. Dorsal surface of first abdominal tergite in female yellow, with a large black spot at fore margin. In male, anterior margins of the 6 th – 9 th abdominal tergites with a transversal black band, which expands backwards in the mid part; in some males, this band is also seen on the first tergite. In female, anterior margin of second abdominal tergite with a large, and the 6 th – 9 th tergites with narrower transversal black bands which expand backwards in the mid part; in some females, this band is also seen on the other tergites. Ventral surfaces of fore and mid femora and sometimes hind femora with 2 parallel black stripes along their lengths. Hind femur with a longitudinal black band on the outer and sometimes on the inner surface, which weaker or stronger in paratypes. Last abdominal tergite weak, pale reddish. Apical part of male cercus black. Ovipositor yellowish green, turns to dark green in apical serrated part with blackened apical teeth; middle part with small reddish spots in lateral view.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new species is recognizable in the genus by the male cercus and female ovipositor. It is most related to P. bosphoricus s. lat. by the similar general structure of male cercus (previously considered in this species) with a series of posterior denticles and one dorsal denticle. But it is distinct in both sexes. Male cercus of this new species much more slender, long and thin; apical curvature less, begins nearer to middle of the cercus; apex weakly widened; dorsal single denticle smaller and shorter [in P. bosphoricus bosphoricus, male cercus (Fig. 116) much stouter, short and wide (compare cercus with the width of last tergite in Figs. 116 and 139), apical incurved part shorter, 1 / 2.6 of the length of cercus, and wider; dorsal denticle much larger and nearer to the apical denticle; in posterior view dorsal denticle longer or weakly shorter than apical denticle], the shape of longer and slender ovipositor which is 10.7 mm in allotype [in P. bosphoricus bosphoricus, ovipositor (Fig. 120) 7.5 mm, short and broad (high), 5.3 times longer than high and 1.6 times longer than pronotum; apical serrated part weakly and gradually upcurved and its outline rounded; basal fold of lower valve wide, its ventral margin almost triangularly expanded; ventral margin of ovipositor distinctly convex along its length], the shape of male pronotum [in P. bosphoricus bosphoricus, pronotum (Fig. 114) more similar to the members of the P. similis group, slender, much less compressed and less constricted laterally; anterior margin of prozona and metazona much less raised and less widened; shoulder very weak], the shape of male subgenital plate [in P. bosphoricus bosphoricus, distal part of male subgenital plate (Fig. 117) longer than proximal part; posterior incision distinctly deep and narrow, deeper than the width of incision], and body colouration [in P. bosphoricus bosphoricus, body (Figs. 114, 115, 118, 119) almost unicolour green, with small black spots; metazona of male pronotum with 2 triangular red band on both sides in dorsal view; without black bands, stripes and much less dark markings on body surface in both sexes of the types and topotypes; this colouration is also more similar to the members of the P. similis group]. This new species relatively more similar to P. bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov. based on the shape of the pronotum. But, the pronotum less compressed laterally and less widened in metazona [in P. bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov. (Figs. 124, 131) pronotum very strongly compressed and widened in metazona]. Besides, the narrower fastigium of vertex, male cercus, subgenital plate and ovipositor, as in the nominotypical subspecies, are different (see also description, diagnosis and figures of Poecilimon bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov. above).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 18.2; pronotum 4.4; tegmina visible 2.2; hind femur 13.8. Allotype (female). Length of body 20.2; pronotum 5.4; hind femur 15.3; ovipositor 10.7. Paratypes. Length of body: male 19.3 – 20, female 20.3 – 21.6; pronotum: male 4.4 – 4.8, female 4.6 – 5.3; tegmina visible: male 2 – 2.5; hind femur: male 13.1 – 14.2, female 14.9 – 15.6; ovipositor: 9.8 - 10.9.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Tosya, Ilgaz Geçidi, 1650 m, 19.7.2002, 5 males (including holotype), 7 females; Kastamonu Prov., Ilgaz Yolu, Kırık Köyü, 1180 m, 16.7.2002, 4 males, 7 females; Kastamonu, Ilgaz Dağı, 2080 m, 17.7.2002, 1 male, 2 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The “ Ilgaz ” Mountain is the type locality of this new species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB78FFBEFF0CD539F24DE437.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new species was given as P. bosphoricus in Ünal (1999, 2003, 2010). I have been aware of the distinction of this species for a while. After examining the type material of P. bosphoricus in the NMW collection, its clear differences in both sexes have been revealed. All populations of this new species exhibit stable characteristics and can be easily distinguished from P. bosphoricus, as detailed in the description above. The previous records of P. bosphoricus from Bolu Province (except Yedigöller area, N of Bolu, see P. bosphoricus septemlacus ssp. nov. above) and from its eastern regions (Karabük, Çankırı, Kastamonu provinces) belong to this new species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB79FFBEFF0CD1DDF6FEE5BB.taxon	description	(Figs. 149 – 153)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB79FFBEFF0CD1DDF6FEE5BB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Artvin Prov., Hatila, Zeklan, 30.6.1959, found on Ledium sp., 1 male (leg. E. Can); Artvin Prov., Borçka, Balcı Köyü, 850 m, 9.7.2024, 1 female (leg. E. Çelen) (AIBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB79FFBEFF0CD1DDF6FEE5BB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The male studied in this research was compared to those in the extensive collection of the species at ZIN. A single female was collected from Balcı Village, which is located very close to the male’s habitat in Zeklan. The morphological structures observed confirm the matching of the males and females. New for Turkey.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB9FF0CD5CCF45AE1C3.taxon	description	(Fig. 155)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB9FF0CD5CCF45AE1C3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: KahramanmaraŞ Province, Nurhak Dağı, 1825 – 1900 m, 23.7.2024, 2 males; KahramanmaraŞ Prov., Ahır Dağı, 2330 m, 21.7.2024, 1 male, 2 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB9FF0CD5CCF45AE1C3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Tegmina of these specimens are very long (45 – 55 mm), almost reaching the end of the hind tibia; their apex is narrowly rounded, but broader in one female.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB9FF0CD610F212E002.taxon	description	(Fig. 154)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB9FF0CD610F212E002.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Aydın Prov., Çine, Topçam Dağı, 1180 m, 37 ° 37.714´N, 28 ° 08.547´E, 14.7.2023, 1 female; Denizli Prov., Babadağ, 1545 – 1560 m, 37 ° 47.158´N, 28 ° 46.706´E, 11.7.2023, 1 male; Konya Prov., Bozkır, Çağlayan, 1400 m, 37 ° 08.720´N, 32 ° 11.159´E, 3.7.2019, 1 female; KahramanmaraŞ Prov., Nurhak Dağı, 1825 m, 23.7.2024, 1 female; KahramanmaraŞ Prov., Ahır Dağı, 2330 m, 21.7.2024, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB8FF0CD488F505E3B7.taxon	description	(Fig. 156)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB8FF0CD488F505E3B7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Kırıkkale Province, Kılıçlar, 700 m, 4.7.1996, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM); S. Anatolien, Nigde, 19 u 20.7.1937, 1 male (Holotype), 2 males (Paratypes) (leg. Ramme) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7EFFB8FF0CD488F505E3B7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Grzywacz et al. (2017: 226), using morphology, synonymized two Anatolian species of Tettigonia, T. acutipennis Ebner, 1946 and T. turcica Ramme, 1951, with T. armeniaca Tarbinsky, 1940. They have no new material of these two synonymous species for molecular and acoustic studies. They gave the distribution of T. armeniaca in Turkey as eastern Anatolia, although the synonymized two species are known from Central and Southern Anatolia. They studied some specimens only from eastern Turkey. According to them, the short tegmina (less than 33 mm), the shape of the apical part of tegmina (tapering), and the less expressed black dots ventrally on the femora are different from T. caudata. Ramme (1951: 350 – 351) in the original description of T. turcica gave the length of male tegmina with a range of 33 – 41 mm, which is mainly out of the range for T. armeniaca given by Grzywacz et al. (2017). It is necessary to study the species from the type localities of T. turcica and T. acutipennis. I have conducted field trips in Niğde Province, the type locality of T. turcica, and in MaraŞ Province, the type locality of T. acutipennis. But, all specimens found are typical T. caudata with the long tegmina with the rounded apex, the outcurved apical part of the male cercus, and distinctly blackened ventral spines of the hind femur. On the other hand, some specimens of T. armeniaca from East Anatolia (not published) have a strongly variable length of tegmina, even if in the same location as in Erzurum Province (24 – 40 mm) and as in Bitlis Province (45 mm). The apexes of the tegmina of those specimens are more or less tapering (not broadly rounded). The black based ventral spines of the femora are mainly quite distinct in these specimens. However, the apical tapering of tegmina is also seen in some populations of T. caudata. It seems that the length and the shape of tegmina widely overlap. The type specimens of T. turcica were also studied by the author. Some specimens of T. caudata were recorded by Ünal (2006: 9) from Kırıkkale Province, in Central Turkey. One male has tegmina 34 mm and tapering apically, but the other specimens (1 male, 2 females) from the same location and date are typical T. caudata (Fig. 155). At the same location, T. viridissima (Fig. 154) was also found as a congeneric partner (Ünal 2006 b: 9). The male with short tegmina was compared with T. armeniaca from eastern Turkey and T. caudata. It is well charecterized as in T. turcica by its tegmina, longer than (typical) T. armeniaca and tapering apically; shorter than (typical) T. caudata, of which the tegmina are longer with wider and more rounded apices. Its male cercus is weakly outcurved apically, and the basal part is distinctly slender and narrower as in the holotype of T. turcica, but in T. armeniaca and T. caudata, the male cercus is distinctly more outcurved, and the basal part is stouter and wider. This single specimen is included in T. turcica and is separated from both T. caudata and T. armeniaca. For the present, T. turcica is considered here as a valid species. Because of the above-mentioned confusion, these species should be reviewed again using the material from type localities, including the unknown female sexes of T. turcica and T. acutipennis. The female sex should not be ignored. Female subgenital plates are distinct in many species of Tettigonia and other tettigoniids.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7FFFB8FF0CD3F9F513E7FA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Mersin Prov., Anamur, KaŞpazarı yolu, 1520 m, 36 ° 16.747´N, 32 ° 36.358´E, 29.6.2019, 1 male nymph; Adıyaman Prov., Gölköy, AŞağıazaplı Köyü, 900 m, 22.7.2024, 2 males, at night (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Pezodrymadusa Karabağ, 1961	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7FFFB8FF0CD5CDF495E1C3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. [Turkey: İzmir Prov.], Tireh [Tire], Kis Dale (ex. Coll. Lederer, 8187), 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), 1 female (Paralectotype), 1 female nymph (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7FFFB8FF0CD5CDF495E1C3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Werner (1901: 292) described this species based on 1 male and 1 female syntype. One additional specimen, a female nymph (nontype), is also present in the same collection. The male is designated as lectotype for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and Methods sections.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7FFFB8FF0CD1B9F566E5DE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: KahramanmaraŞ Province, Nurhak Dağı, 1920 – 2050 m, 23.7.2024, 1 male, 6 females, plus 2 females in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Anadolua Ramme, 1939	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7FFFB8FF0CD2B5F6B9E411.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: NevŞehir Prov., GülŞehir, Hırka Dağı, 1460 – 1700 m, 5.7.2019, 2 males, 1 female in alcohol, 2 males; Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Tuz Gölü, 1014 m, 39 ° 03.394´N, 33 ° 26.469´E, 25.6.2019, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBBFF0CD7E8F539E6C4.taxon	description	(Figs. 157 – 158, 321 – 323)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBBFF0CD7E8F539E6C4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: SW Anatolien, [Muğla Prov.], Koycegiz, Sandras Dagh, 2600 m, 7.1938, 1 male (holotype) (leg. Schwarz) (MfN); Muğla Prov., Köyceğiz, Akköprü, 966 m, 24.8.2022, 1 male (leg. A. T. Kaygın); İzmir Prov., ÖdemiŞ, Bıçakçı, 29.6.2022, 1 male; Aydın Prov., Kuyucak, Belenova, 10.8.2023, 1 female (leg. H. Ulusoy) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBBFF0CD7E8F539E6C4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A mistake made by the author (Ünal 2018) should be corrected here: Anadolua schwarzi was described based on a male from Sandras Dağ (Muğla, Köyceğiz) (Ramme 1939: 87). Therefore, this male is the single type (holotype), and there is no other type specimen. Ramme (1951: 362) described a single female as the female sex of A. schwarzi, which is not a type of this species. Later, Karabağ (1952: 143) described this female as a new species, Anadolua rammei Karabağ, 1952, which is the holotype of A. rammei. Therefore, this female is not a paratype of A. schwarzi, contrary to the remarks by Ünal (2018). Anadolua rammei Karabağ, 1952 was described from Aksehir-Göl [AkŞehir] from a single female (Karabağ 1952: 143). It was synonymized with A. burri by the author (Ünal 2018). Şirin et al. (2024: 231) recently described a new species from the type locality of A. rammei, AkŞehir (Sultandağı), Anadolua moli. With the addition of this species, the number of Anadolua species recorded from this mountain (Sultandağları) is 4, which seems unlikely for this genus. The author (Ünal 2018) studied some specimens of A. schwarzi from Gelincikana Tepesi (in the same mountain ridge, Sultandağları), which is very near to the type localities of A. rammei and A. moli. The specimens of the author (Ünal 2018) and the description of A. moli completely match, and there is no doubt that they are the same taxon. Şirin et al. (2024) separated it from A. schwarzi by the measurements of male cerci and hind femur, and the song character. In my opinion, these populations from Sultandağları are morphologically A. schwarzi and are indistinguishable from A. moli. However, the song character of A. moli was given as a more distinctive character. While the phrase of A. moli is composed of a double-syllable group series, which is a triple-syllable group series in A. schwarzi (Şirin et al. 2024). However, the song of A. rammei is unknown, suggesting it may be a valid species. It should be kept in mind that, as of the morphological characters, the song characters can also be variable (pers. commun. D. Ragge). A. moli shares the type locality, AkŞehir District, with A. rammei (= A. burri) as congeneric partners, or is a synonym of A. rammei or A. schwarzi.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	description	(Figs. 159 – 160, 163 – 174)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Feruz Köyü, 1340 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex as wide as antennal scape, 2.6 times wider than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 165, 166) long, cylindrical in prozona; metazona distinctly widened, flattened and extended posteriorly and moderately raised in lateral view; shoulder incision distinct; 1.7 times longer than high, and 1.1 times longer than fore femur; first transversal groove distinct; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin convex, with a weak and small incision in the middle; without median and lateral carinae. Tegmina (Figs. 165, 166) reaching slightly beyond the middle of second abdominal tergite; 1.3 times shorter than pronotum. Hind femur long, 2.8 times longer than pronotum, slightly shorter than body length, with 5 outer and 4 inner ventral spines; inner and outer apical lobes with a very small spinule. Prosternum with two small triangular projections. Last abdominal tergite (Fig. 167) short and wide, with 2 tongue-shaped posterior lobes, and with a very deep posterior incision reaching almost the previous tergite. Subgenital plate (Fig. 168) as wide as long, but it was compressed laterally during the preparation process; therefore, it is wider in natural forms; with a longitudinal swelling behind the stylus, and with a distinct median carina between them; posterior incision almost absent, very slightly concave; styli shorter than the distance between them. Cercus (Figs. 159, 167) very short, proximal part cylindrical up to inner tooth, with an inner tooth in the middle of cercus, with slightly recurved apical denticle; distal part after inner tooth strongly narrowed; apex truncate with a very indistinct tubercle (not a spine or tooth), in the inner corner of truncate apex, makes this corner weakly pointed. Titillators (Fig. 160) with long and thin apical arms, compressed laterally, with 3 – 4 sharp outer teeth apically; basal arms long and flattened like a narrow plate, strongly upcurved, reaching 1 / 3 of apical arms, apical part distinctly curved forward in lateral view. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex 1.1 times narrower than antennal scape; 2.6 times wider than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 171, 172) as in male, 1.8 times longer than high, 1.2 times longer than fore femur. Tegmina reduced, scale-like laterally, fully concealed under pronotum. Legs as in male, slightly larger. Hind femur 2.6 times longer than pronotum and 1.1 times shorter than body, with 2 – 3 outer and 3 inner ventral spines. Prosternum as in male, but with less distinct projections. Last tergite very short and wide, divided into two lateral parts with very deep posterior incision as in male; this incision is part of supra anal plate just below it. Cercus simple, narrow, conical, pointed at apex. Subgenital plate (Fig. 173) 1.1 times wider than long, with a wide and shallow triangular posterior incision; ventral view with a longitudinal bow tie-shaped depression along the middle axis; posterior part of this depression with transversal ridges; basal 1 / 3 part with a median carina. Anterior margin of 7 th sternite (Fig. 173) narrowed and slightly inflated as in the nominotypical subspecies. Ovipositor (Figs. 169, 174) straight, very long and narrow, as long as body; in some paratypes longer; distinctly longer than hind femur. Colouration. Body ground milky or greyish brown, marbled with irregular and small black, brown spots, stains and marks. Antennal scapes with partly brown marks, between them (just upper and lower parts of frontal groove) black, which form a narrow dark band between eyes in both sexes, but in 2 females body unicoloured milky brown and the dark band between the eyes absent. Antennae light brown. Pronotum with poorly visible, typical X-shaped darkening on dorsal surface. Male tegmina brown. All legs just before the knees with a transversal and irregular dark band (ring); knees milky brown. Hind femur with a large black spot at the base dorsally.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new subspecies is easily separated from A. schwarzi Ramme, 1939 s. str., A. burri Karabağ, 1952 and A. davisi Karabağ, 1952 by the male cercus (Figs. 157, 159, 161 and Fig. 227 of Ünal 2018), titillators (Figs. 158, 160, 162), female subgenital plate (from A. burri and A. davisi), ovipositor (from A. burri and A. davisi) and pronotum in both sexes. It is naturally most similar to the nominotypical subspecies in the general appearance of the body, colouration, male last tergite, female subgenital plate and ovipositor. But, inner tooth of male cercus is in the middle [in A. schwarzi schwarzi, (Fig. 157) inner tooth much smaller, clearly in proximal part near to base of cercus, and its base not projected), the shape of pronotum in both sexes which longer, more slender, extended posteriorly and raised; with distinct shoulder incision [in A. schwarzi schwarzi pronotum (Figs. 213, 214 of Ünal 2018) short, stout, not extended posteriorly; shoulder incision very weak; dorsal margin straight in lateral view, not raised in metazona], the male subgenital plate without or with very weak posterior incision (in A. schwarzi schwarzi, male subgenital plate with a deep rounded posterior incision) separate from the nominotypical subspecies (compare with all the figures of Anadolua spp. in Ünal 2018 which includes the type specimens). This new species is separated from A. moli Şirin, Sevgili et Taylan, 2024 as in A. schwarzi s. str. (see A. schwarzi schwarzi above).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 21.4; pronotum 6.5; tegmina visible 5.1; hind femur 18; male cercus 1.4. Allotype (female). Length of body 23.2; pronotum 8; hind femur 20.9; ovipositor 23. Paratypes. Length of body: male 19.6 – 22.3, female 21 – 23.7; pronotum: male 6.4 – 6.6, female 7.2 – 7.7; tegmina visible: male 4.9 – 5.2; hind femur: male 17 – 17.6, female 20.2 – 21; male cercus 1.5 – 1.6; ovipositor: 23 – 24.1.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Mudurnu Yolu, Feruz Köyü, 1340 m, 40 ° 34.342´N, 31 ° 20.799´E, 25.10.2022, 1 female; 1.11.2022, 3 males (including holotype), 4 females, 2 females in alcohol; 27.10.2023, 3 males, 6 females in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This new taxon has not been observed during the summer, despite numerous field trips to the type locality conducted by the author. The most recent attempt to find it was in August 2024. However, it was discovered at the end of September and the beginning of October, indicating that it is an “ autumn ” insect.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7CFFBAFF0CD397F786E4FF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Geographically, this is the first member of the genus Anadolua found in the Black Sea Region of Turkey, which is within the Euro-Siberian phytogeographical region. The genus Anadolua is mainly a Mediterranean element.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7DFF85FF0CD195F514E7A6.taxon	description	(Figs. 161 – 162)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7DFF85FF0CD195F514E7A6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Konya Prov., Derebucak-İbradı, Kimyos Ovası üzeri, 1850 m, 37 ° 18.159´N, 31 ° 29.632´E, 20.8.2018, 1 male (in alcohol); Antalya Prov., Serik, Burmahan, Dermebeli, 1955 m, 37 ° 13.646´N, 31 ° 20.251´E, 19.8.2018, 2 males, 1 female, (1 male nymph) in alcohol; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Geyik Dağları, Karabul-Namaras, 2120 m, 36 ° 56.877´N, 32 ° 04.601´E, 21.8.2018, 3 males in alcohol; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Geyik Dağları, Susambeli, 2270 m, 36 ° 55.053´N, 32 ° 04.546´E, 21.8.2018, 1 male, 1 female, (1 male nymph) (in alcohol); Mersin Prov., Çamlıyayla, Bolkar Dağı, SubaŞı, 2875 m, 31.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol; Mersin Prov., Tırtar Köyü, Dümbelek yolu, 2035 m, 29.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol; 2117 m, 37 ° 03.865´N, 34 ° 18.275´E, 29.8.2018, 7 males, 4 females (in alcohol); 2130 m, 29.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7DFF85FF0CD195F514E7A6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Şirin et al. (2024) synonymized A. burri with A. schwarzi based on morphological and song characteristics. The primary reason for this synonymy was the specimens collected from the type locality of A. burri in Denizli, Babadağ, during two visits by Şirin et al. (pers. Commun. D. Şirin). They misidentified these specimens as A. burri when in fact they belonged to A. schwarzi. Due to this misinterpretation, Şirin et al. synonymized A. burri with A. schwarzi. However, it is noteworthy that both A. burri and A. schwarzi were found together at the type locality of A. burri in Babadağ (Karabağ 1952; Ünal 2018: 14), a fact that Şirin et al. (2024) did not take into account, despite citing these records. Furthermore, they identified and described a new species, A. bergeri, from populations of the true A. burri, which were collected from Rezebeli (Konya: SeydiŞehir, TaraŞçı) and Susambeli (Antalya, GündoğmuŞ). Alongside the records of A. schwarzi and A. burri in Babadağ, similar syntopies are also observed in various locations. For example, A. schwarzi and A. burri were found as congeneric partners in Gömbe, Antalya (Ünal 2018: 14). Additionally, A. schwarzi and A. davisi were recorded in Bozdağ, İzmir (Karabağ 1952; Ünal 2018), which is the type locality for A. davisi.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB7DFF85FF0CD195F514E7A6.taxon	description	When comparing figures 25 and 221 from Ünal (2018), the latter belonging to the holotype of A. burri, with Fig. 9 j of A. bergeri from Şirin et al. (2024), it becomes apparent that the male cercus is identical. Anadolua burri possesses unique morphological characteristics, such as seen in the male cercus (Fig. 161), titillators (Fig. 162), and the female subgenital plate. Additionally, all the other populations given in Ünal (2018) are recognizable. Therefore, Anadolua burri is validated as a species, while Anadolua bergeri is considered a junior synonym of it.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB42FF85FF0CD291F556E4D9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Mersin Prov., Tırtar Köyü, Dümbelek yolu, 1880 m, 37 ° 03.509´N, 34 ° 18.887´E, 30.8.2018, 2 males, 2 females (in alcohol); Karaman Prov., Özyurt Dağı, Akarköy, 1715 m, 37 ° 11.490´N, 32 ° 10.287´E, 2.7.2018, 2 males (matured in 2 weeks); Adana Prov., Aladağ, Akinek Dağı, 1470 m, 22.9.2023, 1 male (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB42FF84FF0CD0E1F6F9E29E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Anatolien Hochflade, 15.8.62, 2 males (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB42FF84FF0CD0E1F6F9E29E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. It was collected from the Anatolian Plateau without an exact locality. However, it is probably in north-eastern Turkey.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB43FF84FF0CD274F4F0E5EC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: [İzmir Prov., Selçuk], Ephesus [Efes], 1 male (lectotype), 1 female, (4 males, 4 females nymphs) (leg. Br. v. W.); Smyrna [İzmir], 1 male nymph (leg. Br. v. W.), 1 female (leg. Schlüter) (all NMW); Aydın Prov., Çine, Bölüntü-Dereli, 326 m, 37 ° 33.053´N, 27 ° 57.210´E, 14.7.2023, 1 female, (1 male, 1 female nymphs); Bolu Prov., Feruz Köyü, 1340 m, 40 ° 34.342´N, 31 ° 20.799´E, 1.11.2022, 1 male, 2 females; 1350 m, 27.9.2023, 1 male, 1 female; Antalya Prov., İbradı, Gevenbeli, 1520 m, 37 ° 11.236´N, 31 ° 30.412´E, 20.8.2018, 1 male, 1 female; Antalya Prov., Akseki yolu, GündoğmuŞ KavŞağı, 685 m, 36 ° 47.129´N, 31 ° 49.403´E, 21.8.2018, 1 female; Konya Prov., Derabucak, İbradısınırı, 1560 m, 20.8.2018, 5 males, 2 females, Derebucak-İbradı, Kimyos Ovası üzeri, 1770 – 1820 m, 37 ° 18.159´N, 31 ° 29.632´E, 20.8.2018, 1 female; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Gelesandra üzeri, 1560 m, 36 ° 53.081´N, 32 ° 04.976´E, 21.8.2018, 3 males, 1 female; Antalya Prov., Geyikbayırı, Feslihan Yaylası yolu, 1250 m, 18.8.2018, 1 male, 1 female (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB43FF84FF0CD274F4F0E5EC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1882: 338) described this species based on specimens collected from three locations. Karabağ (1950: 281 – 282) designated a male from Ephesus [Efes, İzmir Prov.] as lectotype and described the Külek [Gülek Boğazı, Adana Prov.] population as a new species, B. convergens, in the same paper (Karabağ 1950: 280) (see next species). Sufficient illustrations of this species were supplied by Ünal (Figs. 59, 63, 64, 69, 71 of 2018) to compare the illustrations of the following two species given in the present paper.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB43FF84FF0CD635F616E075.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Psorodonotus rize was designated as a synonym of this species (Ünal 2018: 17). The reasons for the synonymy remain.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB43FF84FF0CD51BF535E6BB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Psorodonotus giresun was described by Kaya and Çıplak (in Kaya et al. 2014). Morphologically, it is nearly impossible to differentiate it from P. soganli (Ünal, 2013). The authors studied three populations of P. soganli and one population of P. giresun, all of which are situated quite close to each other. However, the populations most similar to Tamdere, the type locality of P. giresun, are Ovit and Cimil in Rize Province, which are farther from the type locality of P. soganli (Soğanlı). This geographical distance, along with the morphological similarities, presents a contradiction. All the locations are continuously connected at similar elevations along the same mountain ridge, the northeastern Anatolian Mountains. The shapes of the cerci, titillators, subgenital plates, ovipositors, and pronotum do not effectively distinguish any of the populations. Some variations are naturally expected in all species. It is unlikely that two species within this genus would have identical morphology and occupy such closely situated type localities on the same mountain ridge. Therefore, it seems clear that the “ minor ”, irregular differences between these populations are merely variations within a single species. Genus Bucephaloptera Ebner, 1923	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD538F578E1E7.taxon	description	(Figs. 182 – 188)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD538F578E1E7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Karaman Prov., BucakkıŞla, Oyuklu Dağı, AŞağı Akın Köyü, 1103 m, 36 ° 54.060´N, 33 ° 02.304´E, 28.6.2019, 2 males nymph, 18.9.2023, 2 males (in alcohol), 1 male, 1 female; BucakkıŞla, Oyuklu Dağı yolu, 1285 m, 36 ° 52.742´N, 33 ° 00.747´E, 1.7.2018, 3 males, 1 female (nymphs) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Decticus Serville, 1831	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD7E8F408E393.taxon	description	(Figs. 175 – 181)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD7E8F408E393.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: [Adana Prov., Pozantı], Külek [Gülek Boğazı], 1 male (holotype), number 8175, (leg. Lederer) (NMW); Adana Prov., Pozantı, Kandilsırtı Geçidi, 1315 – 1370 m, 28.8.2018, 2 males, 1 female; Adana Prov., Kozan, Feke yolu, ÇulluuŞağı Köyü 1 km Güney, 630 m, 37 ° 39.801´N, 35 ° 51.689´E, 23.9.2023, 7 males, 9 females in alcohol, 9 males, 5 females; Mersin Prov., Çamlıyayla, Çakıllı Orman Deposu, 1191 m, 37 ° 10.322´N, 34 ° 38.916´E, 28.8.2018, 1 male, 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD7E8F408E393.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is recorded for the first time following its description from Kandilsırtı Pass, which is very close to the type locality, as well as two additional locations.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD4D0F65EE63A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya Prov., Alanya, Kadıyakası Yaylası, 1237 m, 36 ° 42.913´N, 32 ° 18.123´E, 1.7.2019, 1 male; Adana Prov., Pozantı, Kandilsırtı Geçidi, 1315 – 1370 m, 28.8.2018, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD1DCF55DE517.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Iran: Gilan, Lahijan, 6.1936, 3 females, 1 female nymph (leg. N. Lindsay) (NHM). Genus Medecticus Uvarov, 1912	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD3D4F561E437.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Anatolien, Karacabey, bei Brussa, 1932, 1 female (Holotype), 1 male, 2 females (Paratypes) (d. Wichgray); Anatolia, Elma Dagh, 11.7.1941, 1 male (leg. Karabag) (Paratype) (MfN). Karaman Prov., Ermenek yolu 20. km, 1365 m, 37 ° 03.543´N, 33 ° 04.969´E, 28.6.2019, 1 male, 2 females; Karaman Prov., Sarıveliler, Alanya yolu, 1705 m, 36 ° 42.147´N, 32 ° 31.246´E, 30.6.2019, 4 males (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF87FF0CD3D4F561E437.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This subspecies was first described by Götz (1970: 189) from Karacabey in Bursa Province, Turkey. However, it has not been included in checklists, catalogues, or articles related to Turkish fauna, except for a reference by Ünal (2011). The type material has been examined, and previous records of D. verrucivorus from Turkey, given by the author, actually belong to this subspecies. Additionally, the type locality of the nominotypical subspecies is Uppsala, Sweden, which is quite far from Turkey. Therefore, the earlier records of D. verrucivorus in Turkey should be classified under this subspecies.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB40FF86FF0CD0E0F517E3EF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Tuz Gölü, 1014 m, 39 ° 03.394´N, 33 ° 26.469´E, 25.6.2019, 1 male nymph (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Platycleis Fieber, 1853 s. lat. Subgenus Platycleis Fieber, 1853 s. str.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD6C9F6F4E0AA.taxon	description	(Fig. 189)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD6C9F6F4E0AA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Smyrna [İzmir], 1 male, 1 female (leg. et det. Br. v. W.) (NMW); Burdur Prov., YeŞilova, Yangın Gözetleme Kulesi, 2009 m, 16.7.2023, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD6C9F6F4E0AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was recorded from Turkey for the first time by Brunner (1882: 347). Çıplak et al. (2002) excluded it from Turkish fauna. However, a single female examined here is a representative of this species, like Brunner’s specimens.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD461F643E486.taxon	description	(Fig. 190)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD461F643E486.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Asia Minor, Eski-Chehir, Alayund [Kütahya Prov., Alayunt], 5.8.1900, 1 female (leg. Werner) (NMW); Aydın Prov., Karacasu, Karıncalı Dağı, 1710 m, 34 ° 41.840´N, 28 ° 32.947´E, 13.7.2023, 3 males, 1 female; Aydın Prov. Bozdoğan, Küçük Madran Dağı, 1280 – 1420 m, 37 ° 42.545´N, 28 ° 15.287´E, 14.7.2023, 3 males; Denizli Prov., Babadağ, 1420 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male; Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Şekerköy, 1060 m, 25.6.2018, 1 female; Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Tuz Gölü, 1014 m, 39 ° 03.394´N, 33 ° 26.469´E, 25.6.2019, 1 male; Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Anten yolu, 1150 m, 24.9.2023, 1 female; Konya Prov., Derebucak-İbradı, Kimyos Ovası üzeri, 1850 m, 37 ° 18.159´N, 31 ° 29.632´E, 20.8.2018, 1 female; Konya Prov., Aksaray yolu, Bozdağ, 1130 m, 3.7.2019, 1 male, 2 females; Konya Prov., Fakra Dağı, 1080 m, 25.6.2018, 1 female (in alcohol); Karaman Prov., Özyurt Dağı, Akarköy, 1400 m, 2.7.2018, 2 males, 1500 m, 1 male; Karaman Prov., Ermenek, Belceköy, 1025 m, 29.6.2019, 1 male, 1 female; Karaman Prov., BucakkıŞla, 550 m, 28.6.2019, 1 male; Karaman Prov., Sarıveliler, Uğurlu Köyü, 1625 m, 36 ° 38.963´N, 32 ° 41.038´E, 30.6.2019, 1 male, 1 female; NevŞehir Prov., GülŞehir, Hırka Dağı, 1460 – 1700 m, 5.7.2019, 2 males, 4 females; Niğde Prov., Çiftlik, Topalakkaya Geçidi, 2000 - 2100 m, 38 ° 06.427´N, 34 ° 26.709´E, 1.9.2018, 1 male; Niğde Prov., Keçikalesi, Hasan Dağı, 1900 – 2000 m, 30.7.2023, 1 female, 2100 m, 2 males; Antalya Prov., Akseki yolu, GündoğmuŞ KavŞağı, 685 m, 36 ° 47.129´N, 31 ° 49.403´E, 21.8.2018, 1 female; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Gelesandra üzeri, 1560 m, 36 ° 53.081´N, 32 ° 04.976´E, 21.8.2018, 2 males; Antalya Prov., Serik, Burmahan, 1200 m, 19.8.2018, 1 male, Burmahan, Dermebeli, 1955 m, 37 ° 13.646´N, 31 ° 20.251´E, 19.8.2018, 1 male, 1 female; Antalya Prov., Alanya, Kadıyakası Yaylası, 1237 m, 36 ° 42.913´N, 32 ° 18.123´E, 1.7.2019, 1 female; Mersin Prov., Tırtar Köyü, Dümbelek yolu, 2117 m, 37 ° 03.865´N, 34 ° 18.275´E, 29.8.2018, 1 female; Mersin Prov., Aslanköy, 1560 m, 36 ° 59.212´N, 34 ° 14.767´E, 29 – 30.8.2018, 1 female; Mersin Prov., Tırtar Köyü, Dümbelek yolu, 1880 m, 37 ° 03.509´N, 34 ° 18.887´E, 30.8.2018, 1 male, 1 female; Mersin, Çamlıyayla, Bolkar Dağı geçiŞi, 1840 m, 31.8.2018, 1 female, Bokluboyun, 2000 m, 1 male; Mersin Prov., Anamur, KaŞpazarı yolu, 1520 m, 36 ° 16.747´N, 32 ° 36.358´E, 29.6.2019, 1 male;	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF86FF0CD461F643E486.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Werner (1901: 204) recorded Platycleis affinis from Alayunt. One female of this record is reidentified as this species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB41FF81FF0CD04DF6F0E2B1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Karaman Prov., Ermenek yolu 20. km, 1365 m, 37 ° 03.543´N, 33 ° 04.969´E, 28.6.2019, 3 malesi 3 females; Karaman Prov., BucakkıŞla, Oyuklu Dağı, AŞağı Akın Köyü, 1103 m, 36 ° 54.060´N, 33 ° 02.304´E, 28.6.2019, 3 females; Adana Prov., Pozantı, Kandilsırtı Geçidi, 1315 – 1370 m, 28.8.2018, 3 males, 3 females; Antalya Prov., Alanya, Karadere, 1150 m, 36 ° 36.575´N, 32 ° 24.595´E, 30.6.2019, 1 male, 1 female (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF81FF0CD585F24BE1E5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Devrekani, Çatalzeytin yolu, Hacıhasan Köyü, 1107 m, 41 ° 21.356´N, 33 ° 42.236´E, 16.7.2012, 2 males, 2 females, (and 1 female nymph) in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF81FF0CD4ADF327E783.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Asia Minor, Eski Chehir [EskiŞehir], 8.1900, 1 male (lectotype) (leg. Werner); Pergamon [Bergama], 1 female (leg. Br. v. W.) (NMW); Denizli Prov., Babadağ, 1580 – 1600 m, 37 ° 47.382´N, 28 ° 46.780´E, 13.6.2014, 2 male nymphs; 1420 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male; 1750 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male, 1 female; 1870 – 2000 m, 12.7.2023, 2 males (in alcohol); 1545 – 1560 m, 37 ° 47.158´N, 28 ° 46.706´E, 11.7.2023, 1 female, 1 female nymph (in alcohol), 1 male, 4 females; 1620 m, 12.7.2023, 2 males, 1 female; 1555 m, 12.7.2023, 4 males, 1 female; Aydın Prov., Karacasu, Karıncalı Dağı, 1710 m, 13.7.2023, 34 ° 41.840´N, 28 ° 32.947´E, 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol), 2 males, 2 females; Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Şekerköy, 1060 m, 25.6.2018, 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol); Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Tuz Gölü, 1014 m, 39 ° 03.394´N, 33 ° 26.469´E, 25.6.2019, 2 males (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF81FF0CD4ADF327E783.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to Çıplak et al. (2002: 216), the female (paralectotype) from Pergamon [Bergama] lacks two foveolae on the hind margin of the subgenital plate. This female was studied, and the female subgenital plate agrees with that of the holotype of Platycleis bifoveolata Karabağ, 1950, which is a synonym of this species and all the other typical females of P. schereri. The foveolae are also present but less distinct.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF81FF0CD659F54EE0AA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Constantinopel, Schischli [İstanbul, ŞiŞli], 7.1900, 1 male (leg. Werner) (NMW); Karaman Prov., Ermenek, Belceköy, 1025 m, 29.6.2019, 4 females; Karaman Prov., BucakkıŞla, Oyuklu Dağı, AŞağı Akın Köyü, 1103 m, 36 ° 54.060´N, 33 ° 02.304´E, 28.6.2019, 2 males, 2 females, 18.9.2023, 2 males, 2 females; Antalya Prov., Alanya, Kadıyakası Yaylası, 1237 m, 36 ° 42.913´N, 32 ° 18.123´E, 1.7.2019, 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF81FF0CD659F54EE0AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ebner (1910: 412) recorded one male under Platycleis affinis from ŞiŞli (İstanbul). It belongs to P. escalerai. Subgenus Montana Zeuner, 1941	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF80FF0CD149F541E05A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Russia: Orenburg, 7. 1927, 1 male (leg. Vorontzovsky) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB46FF80FF0CD149F541E05A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was first described by Miram in 1927 as Metrioptera medvedevi, based on specimens from Askania-Nova, Kherson, located north of Crimea. Zeuner, in 1941, tentatively included it in the genus Montana, which has remained its classification to date (OSF). When the author first observed this species, the striking resemblance to the Anatolian endemic and monotypic genus Sureyaella Uvarov, established in 1934, was quite surprising. A study of the morphological similarities between the two reveals several noteworthy characteristics. Both species exhibit similar body sizes, ranging from 12 to 14 mm, and their pronota measure 3 to 3.5 mm. Tegmina are slightly longer in P. medvedevi (2.7 female – 3 male) (2 mm in both sexes in S. bella). Hind femora slightly longer in P. medvedevi (13.1 male – 14.5 female) (11 male – 12 female in S. bella). Both species show similarities in the structure of the pronotum, tegmina, and male genital regions, including the cercus, last tergite, and subgenital plates. Even the titillators, the structure of the ovipositor, and the female subgenital plate display significant similarities like two congeners in Decticini. However, a key distinguishing feature is that P. medvedevi has four ventral spurs on its hind tibia, while Sureyaella bella has only two. This difference is critical in separating groups within the Decticini. For this reason, P. medvedevi has not been reclassified into the genus Sureyaella Uvarov. The measurements of the original descriptions have also been compared along with the studied material and the other characters (Uvarov 1934: 53; Miram 1927: 166). The titillators can be compared in Harz (1969: 257, Fig. 780) and Ünal (2006: 201, Fig. 60).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD3B1F535E782.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Adana Prov., Pozantı, Kandilsırtı Geçidi, 1315 – 1370 m, 28.8.2018, 1 male, 2 females; Osmaniye Prov., Düziçi, Düldül Dağı, 1265 m, 21.9.2023, 1 male, 1 female; 1550 m, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Subgenus Squamiana Zeuner, 1941	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD16DF6F0E4FD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov. Ardıç Tepesi, 1835 m, 40 ° 34.851´N, 31 ° 28.868´E, 25.8.2021, 3 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD195F619E5DD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Niğde Prov., Keçikalesi, Hasan Dağı, 1900 – 2000 m, 30.7.2023, 3 males, 1 female, 2100 m, 1 male, 5 females; 2310 m, 38 ° 06.482´N, 34 ° 09.571´E, 30.7.2023, 3 males, 5 females; 2550 m, 1 female; Aksaray Prov., Helvadere, Hasan Dağı, 2050 m, 38 ° 09.437´N, 34 ° 09.445´E, 30.7.2023, 2 males, 5 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD515F23DE095.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Aydın Prov., Çine, Bölüntü-Dereli, 326 m, 37 ° 33.053´N, 27 ° 57.210´E, 14.7.2023, 1 male, 2 females; Bölüntü-Dereli, 350 – 400 m, 14.7.2023, 4 males, 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD43DF546E6C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: O. Anatolien, Silvan (90 kms östl. Diakbekir), 700 m, 30.6.1937, 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), 3 males, 1 female (Paralectotypes) (leg. Ramme) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB47FF80FF0CD43DF546E6C6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ramme (1951: 377) described this subspecies from 3 males and 1 female syntypes. However, one more male with the same label is also present in the collection. One male with spread tegmina is designated as the lectotype for the reasons explained in the Introduction and Material and Methods sections. Subgenus Incertana Zeuner, 1941	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD610F64AE007.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Azerbaijan: Nachicevan [Nakchiven], Karmalinovka, 24.7.1917, 2 females (Paratypes) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD610F64AE007.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is a member of the subgenus Squamiana based on the structure of the female tegmina, subgenital plate and ovipositor, which are distinctive of the subgeneric rank of Platycleis s. lat. (Ünal 2006: 172 – 175, 2018: 9).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD5CCF562E653.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Tajikistan: West Pamir, Karateghin, Altin-Masar, 2800 m, 20.9.1928, 1 male (holotype), West Pamir, Karateghin, Dschailgan, 1850 m, 8.10.1928, 1 male (paratype), West Pamir, Karateghin, Mukur-Tal, 2500 m, 1 female (allotype) (all leg. W. F. Reinig) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD5CCF562E653.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type material in the collections of MfN was studied. The female subgenital plate and ovipositor, the tegmina in both sexes, are different from the nominotypical subgenus, and they are typical characteristics of Squamiana (Ünal 2006: 172 – 175, 2018: 9). Genus Rammeola Uvarov, 1934	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD7E8F492E346.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Tuz Gölü, 1014 m, 39 ° 03.394´N, 33 ° 26.469´E, 25.6.2019, 1 male, 2 females in alcohol, 2 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF83FF0CD31CF6BBE7FB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Karaman Prov., Özyurt Dağı, Akarköy, 1400 m, 2.7.2018, 1 male, (4 female nymphs) (in alcohol); Antalya Prov., Geyikbayırı, Feslihan Yaylası yolu, 1250 m, 18.8.2018, 1 male, 2 females; Antalya Prov., Alanya, Köprülü, 890 m, 36 ° 44.367´N, 32 ° 12.965´E, 1.7.2019, 2 male nymphs (in alcohol); Mersin Prov., Fındıkpınar-Tepeköy, Gicik Dağı, 1480 m, 20.9.2023, 1 male (in alcohol) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Bolua Ünal, 1999	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF82FF0CD2B4F56CE524.taxon	description	(Figs. 191 – 216, 323 – 325)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF82FF0CD2B4F56CE524.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Gövem Yaylası, 1382 m, 40 ° 38.253´N, 31 ° 24.778´E, 25.10.2022, 1 male, 3 females; Bolu Prov., Hamidiye Köyü, 800 m, 27.7.2021, 4 males, 3 females (leg. M. Ünal); Bolu Prov., Gerede, AktaŞ II (type locality), 1326 m, 40 ° 39.125´N, 32 ° 20.386´E, 3.8.2021, 1 male, 2 females (leg. A. Erden); Bolu Prov., Feruz Yaylası, 1503, 40 ° 35.271´N, 31 ° 20.507´E, 25.8.2021, 1 male, 5 females (leg. A. Erden); Bolu Prov., Güneyfelakettin, 1210 m, 10.8.2021, 2 males, 2 females (leg. M. Ünal); Bolu Prov., Mudurnu, Atyaylası Geçidi, 1270 m, 40 ° 20.424´N, 31 ° 02.427´E, 29.7.2021, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden); Sakarya Prov., Hendek, Çukurhan, 250 m, 16.7.1993, 1 female nymph (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM); and all the previous material given by Ünal (1999, 2006, 2018).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB44FF82FF0CD2B4F56CE524.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Uluar et al. (2022) described two new species within the monotypic genus Bolua Ünal, 1999. However, they failed to reference prior published information concerning the distribution and relationships of Bolua (Ünal 2006: 184; Ünal 2018: 9, 26; Erden et Ünal 2012; Mol et al. 2016). Had they done so, they would have seen that Bolua turkiyae was recorded from numerous localities and that the populations of this species were not as isolated as they had suggested (Uluar et al. 2022: 227, Fig. 1). Furthermore, Uluar et al. (2022: 234, repeated on 233) stated, “ As documented in the ‘ morphology’ part of the Results section, members of Bolua are similar in overall general appearance. Thus, the generic description can be applied to all species for certain features of the head, thorax, and abdomen (Figures …). For this reason, all species are similar in general appearance except for the diagnostic character male cercus, and describing each structure in details is considered unnecessary ” This implies that they morphologically distinguished the two new species from B. turkiyae solely based on the shape of the male cercus. However, if the figure of the male cercus of B. turkiyae in Uluar et al. (2022: 231, Fig. 9) is compared with the original description of B. turkiyae (Ünal 1999: 254, Fig. 20) and the figure provided in Ünal (2018: 51, Fig. 136), it can be seen that they do not match. Readers are invited to compare the original male cercus of B. turkiyae (Ünal 1999) and the cerci of the type specimens presented in the current paper (Figs. 191 – 196) with the male cerci of three species illustrated by Uluar et al. (2022: Figs. 9, 10, 11). It will become evident that figures 10 and 11 from Uluar et al. (2022) bear the closest resemblance to B. turkiyae, although they actually belong to B. bursaensis and B. balikesirensi. This is noteworthy because this character is naturally variable even within the same location (Figs. 191 – 216). Figures 212 – 216 originate from the Bursa and Kütahya Provinces, which are considered the range of B. bursaensis. A careful examination of all cercal figures presented here (Figs. 191 – 216) reveals that the male cerci can exhibit variability, even within the same locality, with examples from both B. bursaensis and B. balikesirensis (Figs. 191 – 216, pay special attention to the figures from the same location). The inner tooth of the male cercus of B. turkiyae is located at the distal part of the cercus, either slightly anterior or posterior (Figs. 193 – 194, 2013 – 214, etc.), and its apical curvature may be weakly incurved or weakly outcurved, even within the same region (Figs. 200 – 201, Figs. 202 – 203). The shapes of the male cerci of B. bursaensis and B. balikesirensis do not have a stability that is different from B. turkiyae, and they can also be found among the populations of B. turkiyae from Bolu Province (Figs. 191 – 211). Additionally, other morphological characters were not addressed, including the titillator, which is one of the main species characteristics in Tettigoniinae. Although Uluar et al. (2022: 231, 233) provided figures of titillators and ovipositors that appear different, these characters are also variable, similar to the cercus. The main issue is that, although B. turkiyae is widely distributed, Uluar et al. (2022) only considered certain populations. This creates the impression of a patchy distribution. In reality, the distribution of B. turkiyae extends uninterrupted from the east, in Kastamonu and Çankırı Provinces, to the west, in Balıkesir Province, at various elevations ranging from sea level (Akçakoca in Düzce) to 1950 meters (Keltepe in Karabük). Bolua turkiyae has been recorded in the following provinces: Kastamonu, Çankırı, Karabük, Zonguldak, Bolu, Düzce, Kütahya, Sakarya, Kocaeli, Yalova, Bilecik, and Bursa (Ünal 1999, 2006, 2018; Çıplak and Heller 2001; Erden 2010; Erden and Ünal 2012: 990 – 991; Mol et al. 2016), as well as in Balıkesir Province (Uluar et al. 2022). Most of these records were not cited by Uluar et al. (2022). Additionally, the discussion regarding the relationship of Bolua with Pachytrachis and Pholidoptera (Ünal 2006) was also overlooked in the same paper. The paper by Uluar et al. (2022) represents a typical intraspecific study, but it lacks important information. As previously mentioned, the distribution of the Bolua populations is not perfectly isolated, contrary to what Uluar et al. (2022) suggest. In studies of this nature, the sampling distribution should accurately reflect the distribution of the taxon being studied. If some populations located between the distribution areas of the three species had been included in the genetic analyses, the results would have probably been different. Due to these reasons, Bolua balikesirensis Uluar et Çıplak, 2022, and Bolua bursaensis Uluar et Çıplak, 2022, are proposed as junior synonyms of Bolua turkiyae Ünal, 1999. Genus Rhacocleis Fieber, 1853	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB45FF82FF0CD010F65EE59E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Balıkesir Prov., At Kayası, 824 m, 18.9.2018, 1 male, 1 female (leg. K. Yılmaz) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4AFF8DFF0CD7E8F619E322.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya Prov., Geyikbayırı, 398 m, 36 ° 52.439´N, 30 ° 29.066´E, 18.8.2018, 6 males, 4 females (in alcohol), 3 males, 17.8.2018, 5 males, 3 females (in alcohol), 19.8.2018, 1 male (in alcohol) (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4AFF8DFF0CD6ECF56DE097.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Feruz Köyü, 1340 m, 40 ° 34.342´N, 31 ° 20.799´E, 1.11.2022, 2 females; 1350 m, 27.9.2023, 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol), 1 female (leg. M. Ünal); 1360 – 1400 m, 10.8.2021, 1 male, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden); Feruz Yaylası, 1503, 40 ° 35.271´N, 31 ° 20.507´E, 25.8.2021, 3 males, 2 females (leg. A. Erden); Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Anten yolu, 1150 m, 24.9.2023, 1 female; Niğde Prov., Çiftlik, Topalakkaya Geçidi, 2000 - 2100 m, 38 ° 06.427´N, 34 ° 26.709´E, 1.9.2018, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Sureyaella Uvarov, 1934	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4AFF8CFF0CD460F43BE097.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Ankara Prov., Şereflikoçhisar, Şekerköy, 1060 m, 25.6.2018, 1 male, 4 females (in alcohol), plus 4 females; Karaman Prov., Ayrancı, Çat Köyü, 1715 m, 37 ° 11.092´N, 33 ° 54.553´E, 27.6.2019, 1 male, 1 female, (2 males nymph) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM). Genus Anterastes Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4AFF8CFF0CD460F43BE097.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Uluar et al. (2023) investigated the genera Anterastes Brunner and Koroglus Ünal, 2002, using molecular methods. They made taxonomic decisions based on their phylogenetic trees, despite a lack of clear morphological support. They characterized this situation as indicative of “ cryptic or morphologically poorly diverged species. ” Conversely, the morphologically distinct genus Koroglus was synonymized with Anterastes, even though the molecular results actually support its separate identity (Uluar et al. 2023: 560, Fig. 2). They suggested that Koroglus is either a polytomy or a sister branch within the Anterastes species, as stated on page 556. However, in the phylogenetic tree presented on page 560, Koroglus disparalatus Ünal, 2002 (listed as A. disparalatus) is represented as a basal branch, akin to the outgroups. Overall, the findings of Uluar et al. (2023) are contradictory, leading to confusion in the taxonomy of this group. On one hand, they present morphologically indistinguishable new species, while on the other hand, they include the morphologically distinct genus Koroglus (K. disparalatus) among the unrecognizable Anterastes species. Uluar et al. (2023: 568) stated, “ We attempt to provide a reconciliation for the taxonomy of Anterastes + Koroglus using a data-based approach without subjective personal decision ”. However, as molecular biologists know, the selection of populations and / or haplotypes, as well as their distribution, significantly influences phylogenetic trees. This makes their selection process vital (see the remarks on Bolua turkiyae above). These selections are made personally (subjectively) by researchers like Uluar et al. (2023). For example, the inclusion or exclusion of a single haplotype from a specific population can alter the results and analyses regarding the placement of other haplotypes. If incorrect or incomplete information is used to support these findings, the resulting taxonomic decisions should be approached with suspicion. Here are three examples provided: 1), on page 568, it is stated that “ … distributions of sister group pairs, namely A. uludaghensis / A. davrazensis and A. turcicus / A. niger are separated by almost 1000 km without any records in between. ” However, there are indeed records of A. davrazensis between the two type localities, such as Barla Mountain, Afyon, and Çay (Ünal 2012: 34, 35; Ünal 2018: 28; see also remarks). These records have been overlooked once again (refer to the genus Bolua mentioned above). Additionally, it’s worth noting that the type locality of A. uludaghensis, Uludağ, is actually about 400 km away from the type locality of A. davrazensis, Mt. Davraz. 2), Uluar et al. (2023: 572) stated about A. muratdagensis that “ … it can be well diagnosed from other members of the group by its range allopatric to all other members of the genus. ” However, there are numerous records of A. burri from Murat Dağ and nearby mountains and regions (Ünal 2006: 181, 2012: 32, 2018: 27). Unfortunately, Uluar et al. (2023) did not mention these records. In fact, A. burri is distributed continuously along the inner Aegean Mountain Ridge, extending from Mt. Uludağ in the north to Mt. Emir Dağ and Ahır Dağ in the south. This species is found not only at the tops of mountains but also in the valleys and regions between them. If some of the populations recorded by Ünal (2006, 2012, 2018) — such as those on Mt. Nalbant, Mt. Türkmen, Mt. Akdağ, Mt. Acem, and others — are considered and included in the molecular phylogenetic analyses, the results will probably be transformed to reflect a typical intraspecific study for A. burri. 3) There is some confusing information regarding the new species, as the same figures were used for A. boreoanatoliensis and A. muratdagensis in Figure 6 on page 570 and Figure 7 on page 571, respectively. I would like to emphasize a fundamental approach. Due to geographical distance, allopatric populations of a single species inherently exhibit some genetic differences. If there are populations that are morphologically indistinguishable but genetically distinct in the same location, they may be considered cryptic species. In this paper, the genus Koroglus Ünal, 2002, which has previously been shown to have distinct differences in previous studies (Ünal 2006, 2012, 2018), is listed. The unrecognizable new species described by Uluar et al. (2023) are proposed as synonyms of the related species listed below.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4BFF8CFF0CD43CF616E521.taxon	description	(Figs. 326 – 327)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4BFF8CFF0CD43CF616E521.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Montenegro: Jugoslavija (Sbrija, Kosmet Pec), Hajla (- Brahimages), 1650 m, 1 male, 1 female (leg. et det. F. Willemse) (AİBÜEM); Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Devrekani, Çatalzeytin yolu, Hacıhasan Köyü, 1107 m, 41 ° 21.356´N, 33 ° 42.236´E, 16.7.2012, 4 males, 4 females in alcohol; Bolu Prov., Kartalkaya, 2021 m, 40 ° 34.450´N, 31 ° 48.408´E, 8.10.2021, 5 males, 11 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4BFF8CFF0CD43CF616E521.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is found in the Balkan Peninsula and the Euro-Siberian phytogeographical region of Turkey, particularly along the Black Sea (Karadeniz) Region, which is home to many European-origin Orthoptera species. Some examples include Mechostethus thalassinus, Pholidoptera fallax, Ph. griseoaptera, Euthystira brachyptera, and Chorthippus macrocerus. Heller (1988: 120) conducted an acoustic study of this species in Greece and at two locations in northern Turkey: Ilgaz Mountain and Giresun, which is the type locality for A. boreoanatoliensis. He categorized all these populations as a single species. Additionally, there have been numerous records of A. serbicus from various locations along the Black Sea Region of Turkey, including the type locality of this new species, as documented by Karabağ (1958) and Ünal (2006, 2012, 2018), as well as Mol et al. (2016). However, Uluar et al. (2023), in their description of a new species, did not consider these earlier findings (refer to the remarks sections regarding Bolua and Anterastes). The morphological characteristics, distribution, and song patterns suggest they belong to a single species; this contradicts the molecular findings of Uluar et al. (2023). In molecular studies, it is known that genetic differences within the same species tend to increase with geographical distance. Therefore, if there is a continuous distribution within a species, the terminal populations should not be classified as different species if they still show the same morphology and acoustic characters. Thus, all previous distributional data are important and should be carefully evaluated when describing a new taxon. In the present study, the author compared several specimens of A. serbicus from Montenegro with a substantial collection that includes the topotypes of A. boreoanatoliensis housed in AİBÜEM, as well as published data. It is proposed that Anterastes boreoanatoliensis be considered a synonym of A. serbicus (see the Remarks section of Anterastes above).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8FFF0CD7E8F530E11A.taxon	description	(Figs. 328 – 329)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8FFF0CD7E8F530E11A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: EskiŞehir Prov., Sündiken Dağı, Türkmen Tepe, 1530 m, 39 ° 54.453´N, 30 ° 41.585´E, 28.6.2014, 5 males, 2 females; Afyonkarahisar Prov., Hocalar, Ahır Dağı, Uluköy-ElvanpaŞa, 1650 m, 38 ° 44.552´N, 30 ° 00.586´E, 17.7.2023, 2 males, 4 females in alcohol, 3 males, 4 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8FFF0CD7E8F530E11A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The Murat Dağ population of this species has been studied multiple times and compared with specimens from the type locality of A. burri, which is Uludağ (Ünal 2006: 181, 2012: 32, 2018: 27). According to Uluar et al. (2023: 572), A. muratdagensis cannot be differentiated morphologically from A. burri. However, in contrast to Uluar et al. (2023), it is important to note that the populations of this species are not isolated. They are continuously distributed along the Inner Aegean Mountain Ridge, extending from Uludağ to Murat Dağ, and further south to Emir Dağ (Ünal 2006, 2018) and Ahır Dağ (in Afyonkarahisar Province). Additionally, this species can also be found at lower altitudes between these mountain regions (Karabağ 1958; Ünal 2006, 2018). Murat Dağ represents just one of the populations of A. burri, situated between Uludağ and Emir Dağ / Ahır Dağ (see also the Remarks section of Anterastes above). The current findings of Uluar et al. (2023), which involve missing data, do not accurately represent the true species delimitation or the relationship between the two terminal populations. In reality, this relationship is morphologically quite evident. All these populations belong to a single species, A. burri, which is clearly characterized by its titillators, cerci, subgenital plate, and ovipositors.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8FFF0CD4B1F6F1E736.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Aydın Prov., Çine, Bölüntü-Dereli, 326 m, 37 ° 33.053´N, 27 ° 57.210´E, 14.7.2023, 1 male, 2 females (in alcohol), 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM); İzmir Prov., Ephesus [Efes], 1 male (leg. Brunner) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8FFF0CD4B1F6F1E736.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A male specimen collected from Ephesus (Efes) was described by Ramme (1951) as an unknown member of the species A. anatolicus. Due to the shape of its subgenital plate, with a deep incision, it may be mistaken for another species. In reality, this characteristic is similar to that of A. turcicus. However, a thorough examination, including an analysis of the titillators, revealed that the subgenital plate was deformed and likely damaged during the nymphal stages. Therefore, this male is identified as A. tolunayi, comparing some specimens from the type locality.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8EFF0CD2DDF404E05B.taxon	description	(Figs. 330 – 331) Anterastes ucari Çıplak, 2003 syn. confirmed	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8EFF0CD2DDF404E05B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Denizli Prov., Babadağ, 1580 – 1600 m, 37 ° 47.382´N, 28 ° 46.780´E, 13.6.2014, 1 female; 1420 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male, 2 females; 1870 – 2000 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male (in alcohol), 11 males, 4 females; 1545 – 1560 m, 37 ° 47.158´N, 28 ° 46.706´E, 11.7.2023, 1 females (in alcohol), 1 male, 4 females; 1620 m, 12.7.2023, 2 females; 1555 m, 12.7.2023, 1 male, 1 female; Denizli Prov., Bozdağ, 2200 – 2350 m, 37 ° 18.041´N, 29 ° 11.220´E, 15.7.2023, 5 males, 2 females, 3 female nymphs (in alcohol); Burdur Prov., YeŞilova, above Salda Gölü, 2009 m, 16.7.2023, 2 males, 2 females (in alcohol), 4 males, 7 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB48FF8EFF0CD2DDF404E05B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some new specimens of A. babadaghi from the type locality (Babadağ) were studied and compared with the description of A. kizkayasiensis, the topotype specimens from Çamkuyu of A. ucari and all the other specimens recorded by Ünal (2012: 32, 2018: 28). According to Uluar et al. (2023: 570), the differences of A. kizkayasiensis are not prominent and only the smaller size and straighter ovipositor are different from A. babadaghi and A. ucari. However, the length and the curvature of the ovipositor are quite variable (Ünal 2012: 32; this character was discussed for several species) even in the type locality of A. ucari. There are many specimens (but not all) with straighter ovipositors irregularly in the material examined in the Burdur population (see above), in Babadağ (type locality), in Çamkuyu (type locality) populations, etc. The size is also variable in and between the mentioned populations. There is no significant difference in titillators (see also the Remarks section of Anterastes above). For the same reasons explained under genus Anterastes, A. serbicus and A. burri above, molecular results should be confirmed with the samplings according to the distribution area of A. babadaghi, which was previously provided (Karabağ 1952, 1958; Çıplak 2004; Ünal 2012, 2018). Genus Koroglus Ünal, 2002 Remarks. See the remarks section of the genus Anterastes above.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF8EFF0CD5F1F55BE15D.taxon	description	(Figs. 332 – 334)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF8EFF0CD5F1F55BE15D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Kartalkaya, 2021 m, 40 ° 34.450´N, 31 ° 48.408´E, 8.10.2021, 3 males, 6 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF8EFF0CD365F4DAE413.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Constantinopel, Schischli [İstanbul, ŞiŞli], 1 male, 1 female (leg. Werner) (NMW); Kleinasien, Tschausch Bachi [ÇavuŞbaŞı], 1911, 1 female (leg. Fahringer) (det. Ebner) (NMW); Zonguldak Prov., Ereğli, Çayağzı Köyü, Davut Deresi, 167 m, 41 ° 13.014´N, 31 ° 41.217´E, 14.7.2012, 1 male; Zonguldak Prov., Ereğli, Soğanlı Köyü, 460 m, 41 ° 45.352´N, 31 ° 78.937´E, 15.7.2012, 1 male 1 female in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden); Bolu Prov., Gövem Yaylası, 1510 m, 40 ° 37.760´N, 31 ° 24.110´E, 25.10.2022, 2 males, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal); Bolu Prov., Güneyfelakettin, 1210 m, 10.8.2021, 2 males, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF8EFF0CD365F4DAE413.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This study addresses the question of whether Pholidoptera femorata exists in İstanbul Province. Werner (1901: 293 – 294) recorded Pholidoptera femorata (previously classified as Thamnotrizon femoratus Fieb.) from Constantinople in July 1900. Ebner (1910: 412) included Pholidoptera femorata in his list, referencing Werner’s location “ Schischli (Werner). ” Subsequently, Ebner (1919: 158) reported Pholidoptera fallax for the first time after identifying a female specimen collected by Fahringer from Kleinasien (Anatolia). Karabağ (1958: 62) also listed Pholidoptera femorata from İstanbul, again citing Werner (1901). However, upon reviewing these three specimens collected by Fahringer and Werner, the author has re-identified them as P. fallax. As a result, P. femorata is excluded from the fauna of İstanbul. Currently, P. femorata is only known from İzmir and Aydın Provinces of Turkey (Ünal 2006, 2012).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF89FF0CD1B9F5CBE44E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Kırklareli, Kapaklı Köyü, Suluçayır, 19.6.1952, 1 male (leg. E. Can) (det. T. Karabağ) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF89FF0CD1B9F5CBE44E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A male from a new location in Turkey is given. Genus Parapholidoptera Maran, 1953	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB49FF89FF0CD1B9F5CBE44E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Aparapholidoptera was established by Çıplak (in Çıplak et al. 2020: 236) for five species, which include four from the genus Parapholidoptera, P. karabagi, P. distincta, P. kosswigi, and P. ziganensis, and one from the genus Apholidoptera, namely A. pietschmanni. This new genus was characterized as follows: 1) The unique autapomorphy defining this genus is the weak tooth of male cerci located at the basal fourth [However, the inner tooth of P. salmani is not larger than that of P. karabagi. All species of Parapholidoptera have male cerci with an inner tooth located in the proximal part between the basal fifth and near the middle, which cannot be a generic characteristic], 2) Further, titillators with upright apical arms and small spines on them (curved only at apex and smooth in Aph. pietschmanni) [The curvature of the apical arms of titillators in P. distincta and P. karabagi does not match this description, and somewhat resembles that of other Parapholidoptera species, such as P. punctifrons, P. indistincta, and P. syriaca (see Ramme 1951: 214, Fig. 52, Stolyarov 1983: 56, Figs. 5 – 8)], 3) weakly convex hind margin of pronotal disc [This is not consistent in the members of Aparapholidoptera (compare the male pronota of P. kosswigi and P. ziganensis on the OSF as well as P. karabagi, P. distincta). In the specimens of P. distincta examined here, the hind margin of the pronotum is rounded. In contrast, P. bolkarensis and P. hepat sp. nov., etc. have a hind margin of the pronotum that is relatively less rounded than that of some other species.], 4) densely veined tegmina that extended beyond the hind margin of pronotum by half [This character is also found in members of Parapholidoptera such as P. belen and P. euxina boluensis ssp. nov., but is not present in the specimens of P. karabagi examined (Ünal 2018).], 5) male anal tergum with two processes and a wide incision between them [This description differs from P. distincta, which has a narrow posterior incision. In contrast, P. antaliae, P. punctifrons, P. grandis, etc. have a wide incision on the male last tergite, similar to this description.], 6) the anal tergum not black, diagnose this genus from other genera of the tribe. [This is one of the main generic characters of the genus Parapholidoptera, shared by all species that lack a black last tergite.] As mentioned in the square brackets, the proposed characteristics of Aparapholidoptera are shared by certain members of the genus Parapholidoptera, and none of them distinctly separate the genus Aparapholidoptera from Parapholidoptera. Furthermore, Apholidoptera pietschmanni lacks many of the characteristics mentioned above. Because it is undoubtedly a member of the genus Apholidoptera. In their 2022 study, Yahyaoğlu et al. (the same authors as Çıplak et al. 2020) reclassified Apholidoptera pietschmanni back to its original genus, Apholidoptera. This species had already been included in Apholidoptera based solely on morphological features by Ramme in 1951, and it has been supported by all researchers till its transfer to a wrong new genus. Fortunately, it is now classified under the correct genus. For all the reasons explained above, Aparapholidoptera is a junior synonym of Parapholidoptera. Additionally, Yahyaoğlu et al. (2022) stated, “ Exopholidoptera is also similar to Parapholidoptera salmani for many other characters. ” However, it differs significantly from P. salmani in many aspects, including fundamental generic traits (see Ünal 2018). Accurate morphological identification is essential for conducting a molecular study; otherwise, the results may pertain to a different species or taxon. Consequently, any analyses and taxonomic decisions based on incorrect identifications contribute to a chaotic taxonomy.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4EFF89FF0CD106F3CAE564.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Mersin Prov., Anamur, KaŞpazarı yolu, 1520 m, 36 ° 16.747´N, 32 ° 36.358´E, 29.6.2019, 3 males, 2 females (in alcohol), 1 male, 4 female, 1 female nymph (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4EFF89FF0CD02EF3FAE5BC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya Prov., Alanya, Soğukpınar Yaylası, 1570 m, 36 ° 42.210´N, 32 ° 16.820´E, 27.6.2018, 2 males, 2 females (in alcohol), 2 males, 3 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD7E8F651E15F.taxon	description	(Figs. 217 – 220, 236 – 241)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD7E8F651E15F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Taurus, 1853, 1 female (leg. Kots) (Lectotype, here designated) (NMW); Taurus, 1 female (paralectotype) (leg. Kotschy) (NMW); Güllik [Gülek] im Taurus, 1 male, 1 female (leg. Lederer) (nontype) (NMW); Güllek im Taurus, 1 female (leg. Lederer), Taurus 1 female (leg. Lederer); Anatolien, 1 female; Kleinasien, Jaribaschi, 7.1914, 2 males, 1 female (leg. Tölg); Kleinasien, Adana, 1904, 1 male (all NMW); S. O. Anatolien, Nahe Ersin b. Dörtyol, 20 u 22.6.1937, 1 female (NMW), 8 males, 10 females (leg. Ramme) (MfN); S. O. Anatolien, Aintab, Narli, 8 – 15.6.1937, 1 female (leg. Ramme) (MfN); Mersin Prov., Pozantı-Çamlıyayla yolu, Karboğazı, 1320 m, 37 ° 18.172´N, 34 ° 45.511´E, 26.6.2019, 2 males, 1 female (in alcohol); KahramanmaraŞ Prov., Ahır Dağı, 2297 m, 21.7.2024, 2 male, 4 females, plus 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol) (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD7E8F651E15F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ramme (1930) and Çıplak (2000) regarded the type material as syntypes, which included both sexes collected from Taurus, Gülek. However, Brunner (1861: 295) described only the female sex, stating that the male was unknown to him. Later, Brunner (1882: 337 – 338) examined additional material, including both male and female specimens. Therefore, the male and female specimens collected from Gülek by Lederer cannot be classified as syntypes. From the original description of this species, it can be understood that Brunner used more than one female specimen. In the main collection of NMW, there are two females with identical label data, both collected from Tauria (Taurus) by Kotschy, which must be considered syntypes. One of these females has been designated as the lectotype.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD4F4F6AFE76B.taxon	description	(Figs. 221 – 224, 242 – 247)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD4F4F6AFE76B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Syria: Gabellie, 1 male (Holotype), 1 female (Paratype) (leg. Leuthner); N. Syrien, Djebel Akra, 6.85, 1 male (Paratype) (leg. Leuthner); N. Syrien, 1 male (Paratype) (leg. Brunner); Syrien Abde, 19.5.1935, 1 male, 1 female (leg. Werner) (all MfN); Syrien, 1 female (paratype) (leg. Brunner); N. Syrien, Ladikiye, 5.1885, 2 females (paratypes) (leg. Leuthner); Syrien, 3 males (paratypes) (leg. Leuthner); Gebellik, 3 males, 2 females (paratypes) and (1 male, 2 females nymphs) (leg. Leuthner); Syrien, Djeble, 20.5.35, 3 females (leg. Werner); Syrien, Abde, 11.5.35, 1 male, 1 female (all NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF88FF0CD4F4F6AFE76B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The listed historical specimens, including the types and their new figures, were used for comparison with the new species below.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	description	(Figs. 229 – 235, 248 – 255)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Diyarbakır Prov., Silvan Distr., 700 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex wide, 1.5 times wider than width of eye; 2.6 times wider antennal scape; 2.4 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.7 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape 1.06 times narrower than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 233, 234) with soft-lined structure, without any sharp curvature; cylindrical along its length, including metazona, with smooth surface; reaching to half of first abdominal tergite; 1.8 times longer than high (5.6 mm), 1.6 times longer than width of metazona (6.4 mm); shoulder incision distinct like a broad concavity; anterior margin almost straight, posterior margin broadly rounded with a small and weak concavity in the middle; dorsal margin in lateral view convex along its length. Tegmina not visible, fully concealed under pronotum. Fore femur with two inner and without outer spinules on genicular lobes; mid femur with one inner and two outer spinules; hind femur with one inner and one outer spinules on genicular lobes. Hind femur with 3 ventral spines at inner margin. Hind femur (Fig. 231) long, 2.8 times longer than pronotum, almost as long as body. Last abdominal tergite very short on both sides, strongly and sharply extended posteriorly in the middle part, which twice as long as the lateral part, with a truncate posterior margin (but right corner of hind margin slightly folded in holotype); in paratypes with a weak concavity in the middle of hind margin. Cercus (Fig. 235) long (2 mm), spiniform, acute at apex. Subgenital plate (Figs. 229, 230) narrow and long, shaped as a narrow triangle; 1.3 times longer (5 mm) than wide; posterior lobes narrow, distinctly upcurved and strongly pointed at apex (Fig. 230), with an acute angular, narrow V-shaped posterior incision; ventral surface smooth without longitudinal carina. Ovipositor (Figs. 231, 235) long, indistinctly upcurved along its length, in paratypes more straight; 2.65 times longer than pronotum, only 1.05 times shorter than hind femur. Male (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex 1.4 times wider than width of eye; 2.4 times wider antennal scape; 2.2 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.9 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape 1.06 times narrower than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 254, 255) as in female, but shoulder incision weaker; reaching just beyond the half of first abdominal tergite; 1.98 times longer than high (5.2 mm), 1.7 times longer than width of metazona (6.1 mm); anterior margin very slightly concave, posterior margin rounded, with a very small concavity in the middle. Tegmina (Figs. 254, 255) brachypterous, almost concealed under pronotum, apical 0.7 mm part visible in dorsal view, reaching to end of first abdominal tergite. Legs include the number of spinules as in female, but hind femur with 6 ventral spines at inner margin. Hind femur (Fig. 252) long, 2.6 times longer than pronotum, 1.1 times shorter than body. Last abdominal tergite (Fig. 248) short and wide, 3.1 times wider (4.7 mm) than long in lateral part (1.5 mm) where cercus connected; with very narrow and acute (almost spiniform) posterior lobes downcurved under an obtuse angle (downcurved part black) (Fig. 252), with V-shaped posterio incision. Cercus (Fig. 248) not very long (3.7 mm) comparing the related species, 1.3 times shorter than width of last tergite (4.7 mm at the point cercus connected); basal third cylindrical, with an inner tooth near to end of proximal part; in distal part (after inner tooth) strongly narrowed almost half wide of proximal part; apex blunt, not pointed; only the tip of inner tooth blackened. Subgenital plate (Fig. 249) slightly wider than long, with a relatively deep, narrow V-shaped posterior incision which begins near to base of styli; without typical lateral dark bands; styli long and thick, almost half of the length of plate; slightly upcurved along its length in lateral view. Titillator (Figs. 250, 251) relatively stout; apical arms strongly curved forward under an obtuse angle, not very wide in lateral view; basal arms almost V-shaped in anterior view, but rounded at the bottom, reaching just above the fused part of apical arms, without dorsal spinules. Colouration. General colouration greyish light (milky) brown, with some black and brown spots and marks. Antennae light brown. Face yellowish cream, with 4 brown spots; clypeus with 4 and labrum with 1 brown spots in both sexes. Fastigium of vertex surrounded by a thin blackish brown stripe in female, weaker in male; scapus yellowish cream with one brown spot at upper edge; behind scapus and eye with 2 wide black bands up to pronotum, with a short and thin creamish stripe between them; vertex with 2 pieced blackish brown bands along its length. Pronotum greyish light brown with a brown stripe along the third sulcus; paranota with a wide pieced brown band in the middle, typical light band at ventral margin wide and yellow; pronotum slightly darker in male. Fire and mid femora with irregular brown spots and stripes. Hind femur darkened in distal half, regularly pieced with short and thick transversal stripes along the upper parts of inner and outer surfaces, ventral side yellowish cream. Visible part of male tegmina with a wide black band in the middle; costal part yellowish. Abdomen greyish milky brown; abdominal tergites with 3 short transversal brown stripes (and spots) in posterior halves, which are continuing along the abdomen, but regularly weaker backwards; the middle ones rounded spots from the second tergite to the end of abdomen; these markings weaker in male. Basal part of ovipositor, with a black band dorsally. Subgenital plates in both sexes pale yellowish cream, without typical lateral bands in male. Male last tergite with 2 brown stains laterally; downcurved parts of posterior lobes dark brown.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new species is closely related to P. syriaca and P. signata. It is similar to P. signata as indicated by the male last tergite with black posterior lobes and the pointed and upcurved posterior lobes of the female subgenital plate. It is similar to P. syriaca in the male cercus and the shallow posterior incision of the female subgenital plate. The shape of the female subgenital plate is different from these two species, and also P. indistincta (compare Figs. 229 – 230 with Figs. 217 – 218, 221 – 222, 225 – 226). In P. syriaca, the female subgenital (Figs. 221, 222) plate has the posterior lobes broad and rounded, never curved upwards; the posterior incision is narrow, rounded at its bottom, not deep and not acute. In P. signata (Figs. 217, 218), the posterior lobes of the female subgenital plate are broad, strongly upcurved, and pointed as in this new species, but the shape of the very deep posterior incision differs with its distinctly rounded bottom. The female subgenital plate also similar to P. indistincta (Figs. 225, 226) with the upcurved and pointed posterior lobes, but the shape of shallower posterior incision (distinctly deeper in P. indistincta) and the ventral surface is without a median carina (in P. indistincta, ventral surface with a distinct longitudinal median carina), and all the other diagnostic characters such as male cercus, titillators (compare Figs. 250, 251 with Figs. 256, 257), last tergite in both sexes, the subgenital plate are very different from P. indistincta. The other differences from P. syriaca and P. signata are in the male last tergite. In P. syriaca, the male last tergite (Fig. 244) is 2.5 times wider than long (at the point where the cercus is connected); the posterior lobes are wider, triangular, strongly downcurved under a right angle, and not blackened. In P. signata, the male last tergite (Fig. 238) is twice as wide as long; blackened posterior lobes similar, but narrower; with a narrow U-shaped incision (in the type); by the shape of the male cercus. In P. syriaca, the shape of cercus (Fig. 244) is similar, but longer, only 1.1 times shorter than the width of the last tergite. In P. signata, the male cercus (Fig. 238) differs in length, like the previous species, 1.1 times shorter than the width of the last tergite; a much shorter basal part and longer apical part, inner tooth nearer to the base, larger (wider), and blackened. The male subgenital plate in P. syriaca (Fig. 245) and P. signata (Fig. 239) is longer than wide (in the types), styli straight, thinner and shorter, 2.2 times shorter than subgenital plate in P. signata, 2.4 times shorter in P. syriaca; the posterior incision clearly smaller in P. syriaca, slightly smaller in P. signata and both, this incision begins far from the base of styli after a straight part; but in the new species it begun almost from the base of styli (Fig. 249). Titillator in P. syriaca (Figs. 246, 247), with apical arms longer, broader in anterior view; unfused part of apical arms distinctly less curved downwards and with 5 – 6 dorsal spinules. In P. signata, the titillator (Figs. 240, 241) with long and S-shaped apical arms in lateral view; the unfused part is very long, almost as long as the basal part, strongly downcurved, sickle-shaped, with 2 dorsal spinules; basal arms are long and distinctly curved forward in lateral view. The colouration much darker, castaneous, dark brown with more black in P. signata; light brown (but without greyish shades) in P. syriaca; posterior lobes of male last tergite black in P. signata; it is not black as in the other tergites and as the remaining part of last tergite in P. syriaca (including holotype), but in several males the tips of posterior lobes faintly darkened.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (female). Length of body 28; pronotum 10.2; hind femur 28.3; ovipositor 27. Allotype (male). Length of body 29.8; pronotum 10.3; tegmina visible 0.7; hind femur 26.4. Paratypes. Length of body: female 28.6 – 29.4; pronotum: female 10.6 – 11; hind femur: female 29.2 – 29.9; ovipositor: 27 – 28.3.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: E Anatolia, Diyarbakır Prov., Silvan Distr., 700 m, 30.6.1937, 3 females (including holotype), 1 male (leg. Ramme) (MfN). Its original label data: O. Anatolien, Silvan (90 kms östl. Diarbekir), 30.6.1937.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The distinctive appearance of this species was first observed by the author in female specimens, which set it apart from other members of the genus. As a result, a female has been designated as the holotype. The Mother Goddess, known as Magna Mater, has her origins in Anatolia and is recognized by various names across ancient civilizations. Among the earliest is Vurushemu in the Hattians (⁓ 2500 BC – 1700 BC), followed by Arinna in the Hittites, Hepat in the Hurrians, Kupaba in the late Hittites, Kybele in Phrygians, Hellenes and Romans, Ishtar in Babylon, and Artemis in Hellenes, the latter of which is associated with the Virgin Mary. The “ Hepat ” is a mother goddess of the Hurrians (⁓ 2300 BC – 1100 BC), who resided in Southeast Anatolia, Upper Mesopotamia, and Northern Syria. This newly discovered species is located in Southeast Anatolia, within the Mesopotamian region of Turkey. Due to the significance of the female sex, it is named after the region’s mother goddess, Hepat.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4FFF8AFF0CD220F4F4E435.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Since Ramme collected other species on the same date and location, the elevation of 700 m is included in the label data for this species [see Platycleis (Tessellana) tessellata holoptera above] (MfN). Ramme (1951) classified these specimens, consisting of 2 males and 6 females, as P. signata. They were among the P. signata specimens at MfN. Half of Ramme’s specimens, 1 male and 3 females, are missing from the collection, possibly on loan or otherwise lost. This new species was compared with extensive material, including the type specimens of P. syriaca and P. signata, deposited in the collections of NMW, MfN, and AİBÜEM.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4DFF8AFF0CD1DDF411E529.taxon	description	(Figs. 225 – 228, 256 – 257)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4DFF8AFF0CD1DDF411E529.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: MaraŞ [KahramanmaraŞ Prov.], 1959, 1 male, 1 female (leg. E. Can); MaraŞ [KahramanmaraŞ Prov.], Göksun, 13.7.1952, 1 male (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4DFF95FF0CD0E1F54EE3CA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Brussa, 1 male, nr. 3979 (Lectotype, here designated), 3 males, 4 females (Paralectotypes) (leg. Hr. Mann) (det. Br. v. W.) (NMW); Brussa, 2 males, 2 females (leg. Lederer); Brussa, 2 males, 3 females (NMW); Brussa, 1853, 2 females (leg. Mann) (MfN).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB4DFF95FF0CD0E1F54EE3CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brunner (1882: 337) recorded this species from only Bursa in the original description. But, one male and one female collected by Lederer from Bos Dagh [Bozdağ, in İzmir Prov.] are found among the historical material at NMW. Bozdağ is the type locality of Parapholidoptera flexuosa Karabağ, 1961. Type material is still considered as syntypes. One male collected from Bursa by Mann is designated as lectotype (see the Introduction and Material and Methods sections).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF95FF0CD681F458E0CD.taxon	description	(Figs. 258 – 265, 304 a, 305 a)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF95FF0CD681F458E0CD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Mudurnu, Köroğlu Kayası, 1700 m, 40 ° 19.257´N, 31 ° 03.099´E, 29.7.2021, 5 males, 6 females (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF95FF0CD585F48DE6A2.taxon	description	(Figs. 266 – 273, 304 b, 305 b)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF95FF0CD585F48DE6A2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Niğde Prov., Keçikalesi, Hasan Dağı, 2310 m, 38 ° 06.482´N, 34 ° 09.571´E, 30.7.2023, 5 males, 5 females (in alcohol), 6 males, 6 females; 2550 m, 1 male, 1 female; Aksaray Prov., Helvadere, Hasan Dağı, 2050 m, 38 ° 09.437´N, 34 ° 09.445´E, 30.7.2023, 1 female nymph; Aksaray Prov., TaŞpınar, Hasan Dağı, 1800 – 2000 m, 38 ° 09.360´N, 34 ° 08.216´E, 10.7.2008, 1 male; Kayseri Prov., Develi, Küçükünye Köyü, Bakır Dağı, 2135 m, 16.7.2024, 5 male, 7 females; Kayseri Prov., Develi, Sarılar Köyü, Bakır Dağı, 2185 m, 16.7.2024, 2 male, 2 females; Kayseri Prov., Develi, Bakır Dağı, 2240 – 2300 m, 16.7.2024, 5 male, 1 female; Adana-Kayseri Provinces, Beydağı Geçidi, 2220 m, 17.7.2024, 4 males, 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF95FF0CD585F48DE6A2.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is distributed in the East Mediterranean and the south Central Anatolian Regions of Turkey (Adana, Kayseri, KahramanmaraŞ, Niğde, Aksaray). All previous records of this species from the Black Sea Region of Turkey (N Turkey) belong to P. euxina sp. nov. s. lat. (see below).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	description	(Figs. 274 – 281, 290 – 296, 304 c, 305 c)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Devrekani Distr., Mt. Yaralıgöz, 1700 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex 1.2 times wider than width of eye; 2.1 times wider antennal scape; 2.5 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.8 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape 1.2 times wider than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 290, 291) cylindrical in prozona, slightly flattened in metazona; with completely smooth surface; metazona reaching to half of second abdominal tergite; 1.86 times longer than high (4.3 mm), 1.7 times longer than width of metazona (4.6 mm); shoulder incision distinct; anterior margin straight, posterior margin broadly rounded. Tegmina (Figs. 290, 291) brachypterous, most of it concealed under pronotum, apical 1.1 mm part visible, reaching to end of second abdominal tergite. Fore and mid femora with 1 inner and 1 outer spinule on genicular lobes; hind femur with one spinule on inner genicular lobe. Femora without ventral spines. Hind femur (Fig. 274) long, 2.2 times longer than pronotum. Last abdominal tergite (Fig. 278) short and wide, extended posteriorly in the middle, with 2 widely divergent posterior lobes which are thin and slightly downcurved; always with a wide V-shaped posterior incision between these lobes, but narrowly rounded at the bottom of this incision. Cercus (Fig. 278) long (2.2 mm), 1.6 times shorter than width of last tergite (3.5 mm), very slightly incurved along its length, with a large inner tooth near to base, which slightly longer than width of cercus. Subgenital plate (Fig. 294) slightly wider than long, with a shallow V-shaped posterior incision; styli slightly shorter than the distance between styli; with typical lateral dark bands on both sides ventrally. Titillators (Figs. 279, 280) with a large hook shaped apical arms and with slender, shorter basal arms laterally; apical arms strongly downcurved in distal part like a question mark, with 5 – 6 dorsal spinules and pointed and downcurved spiniform apex; this curvature slightly more or less but downcurved in paratypes; apical arms turned to left or right sides. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex 1.3 times wider than width of eye; 2 times wider antennal scape; 2 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.6 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape almost as wide as frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 292, 293) mainly cylindrical, 1.65 times longer than high; metazona slightly flattened; shoulder incision distinct; anterior and posterior margins as in male. Tegmina fully concealed under pronotum, reaching end of metanotum. Legs as in male, but spinules on genicular lobes more distinct. Hind femur (Fig. 276) 2.4 times longer than pronotum, slightly shorter than body. Last tergite short and wide, but distinctly extended posteriorly, with a concave posterior incision in the middle. Cercus (Fig. 296) spiniform, strongly tapering like a spine at apex; apical part slightly incurved. Subgenital plate (Figs. 281, 295) relatively small, slightly longer than wide; proximal part wide, sharply narrowed in distal part; posterior lobes incurved with a distinct rounded incision between two lobes, which formed apical part like a crest; basal pit distinct and narrow. Ovipositor (Fig. 276, 296) almost straight; 2.2 times longer than pronotum and only 1.1 times shorter than hind femur; slightly shorter than body. Colouration. General colouration cataneaous, brownish with black and creamish spots and marks. Antennae light brown. Head ground yellowish cream. Face with 6 distinct rounded spots, two of them just below the antennal foramen; clypeus with 5 black spots; mandibles, labrum with a weak, short, vertical brown stripe in frontal view. Fastigium of vertex with 2 black spots, with a light stripe in the middle, reaching to pronotum; around of antennal foramen, behind of eye black and scapus partly black. Pronotum castaneous; paranota with a wide transversal black band curved along the shoulder incision; ventral margin with a wide typical light (yellowish cream) band in lateral view. Male tegmina with yellowish veins, intervenal fields mainly brown. Fire and mid femora brownish, with a large black spot at base dorsally and with some black spots on the outer side. Hind femur with a longitudinal large black band on outer and inner sides and a large black spot at base dorsally. Abdomen brown in male, castaneous in female. Ovipositor reddish brown. Male subgenital plate yellow, with a typical black band on the postero-outer margin. Female subgenital plate and sternites in both sexes yellow.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new species is recognizable by the titillator with mainly downcurved apical arm. The apical arm is almost hook-shaped, but its curvature and length are less in some specimens; by the male last tergite with divergent posterior lobes, their curvature is less in some specimens; by the female subgenital plate with a rounded posterior incision, which is smaller and narrower in some specimens. It is near to P. spinulosa Karabağ as indicated by the asymmetrical titillator, directed right or left, with several dorsal spines on apical arms. But it is easily separated from it by the shape of titillator with strongly downcurved distal part of apical arms, like a hook (in P. spinulosa, Figs. 271, 272, distal part of apical arms curved under an obtuse angle, its apex almost straight and directed to forewards or slightly upwards), the male last tergite with 2 short, strongly divergent laterally and slightly downcurved posterior lobes, with a large V-shaped posterior incision (in P. spinulosa, male last tergite, Fig. 270, with 2 close, slender, long, strongly downcurved, almost parallel posterior lobes of which apices sometimes slightly curved laterally in posterior view, with a very narrow, deep posterior incision), by the female subgenital plate with narrow, incurved posterior lobes, with a broadly rounded incision (in P. spinulosa, Fig. 273, posterior lobes wider and posterior incision narrower and elliptical). This new species is also similar to P. belen Ünal by the asymmetrical titillator and somewhat male last tergite with divergent lobes. But, the shape of titillator with strongly downcurved distal part of apical arms, and dorsal spinules (in P. belen, titillator, Figs. 263, 264, slender, distal part of apical arms longer and directed forewards, without dorsal spinules), the female subgenital plate (compare Figs. 265 and 281), the posterior lobes of male last tergite (compare Figs. 262 and 278) and lighter colouration are different. This new species shows some degree of variation along its distributional area; however, none of them is included in P. spinulosa and P. belen. The intraspecific variations of this new species in eastern populations (from Kastamonu to Giresun Provinces in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey) do not show stability. However, its western populations in Bolu, Zonguldak, and western Karabük Provinces are distinctly separated from the nominotypical taxon as given below. Compare four taxa, P. belen, P. spinulosa, P. euxina sp. nov., and P. euxina boluensis ssp. nov., in the same frame of photograph (Figs. 304 males, 305 females).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 23.2; pronotum 8; tegmina visible 1.1; hind femur 17.8. Allotype (female). Length of body 22.8; pronotum 8.6; hind femur 20.3; ovipositor 19.2. Paratypes. Length of body: male 20.3 – 23, female 20.1 – 25.4; pronotum: male 7.2 – 8.1, female 6.9 – 8.8; tegmina visible: male 1 – 2.3; hind femur: male 18.4 – 19.5, female 19 – 22.3; ovipositor: 18 – 21.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Devrekani, Yaralıgöz Dağı, 1700 m, 41 ° 46.275´N, 34 ° 04.330´E, 15.8.2003, 9 males (including holotype), 12 females; Kastamonu Prov., Ilgaz yolu, Kırık Köyü, 1180 m, 16.7.2002, 5 males, 3 females; Kastamonu Prov., Devrekani, Çatalzeytin yolu, Hacıhasan Köyü, 1107 m, 41 ° 21.356´N, 33 ° 42.236´E, 16.7.2012, 1 female in alcohol; Sinop Prov., Gerze, Dranaz Geçidi, 910 m, 19.7.2002, 3 males, 3 females, 1350 m, 1 male, 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	etymology	Etymology. “ Euxine Sea ” is the archaic name of the Black Sea. “ Euxine ” is also used for the western part of the Euro-Siberian phytogeographical region in northern Turkey. This species is found in the Western and Central Black Sea (Karadeniz) Regions of Turkey, which is within the Euxine part of the Euro-Siberian Region.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB52FF97FF0CD269F3CCE173.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Karabağ identified some specimens (examined) of this species at the NHM as a likely subspecies of P. spinulosa. But it has never been published. I have been aware of the different status of this species for a long while. However, some typical specimens of P. spinulosa were needed from the eastern part of the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. I had a series of specimens from KahramanmaraŞ Province (Göksun) (Ünal 2018), but the specimens were not in good condition. considerable material of typical P. spinulosa from its main distributional area was collected last two years (not listed all here). Thus, the difference of the new species has been revealed. This new species is widely distributed from the eastern part of Karabük Province to Giresun Province, mainly along the Western and Central Black Sea Regions of Turkey (Euxine region). All previous records of P. spinulosa consist of many specimens (examined again) (Ünal 2006, 2018) from this region (Eastern Karabük, Kastamonu, Çankırı, Samsun, Amasya, Çorum, Tokat, Ordu, Giresun Provinces) belong to this new taxon.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	description	(Figs. 282 – 289, 297 – 303, 304 d, 305 d)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Kozlu Plateau, 1800 m.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Fastigium of vertex and frontal groove wide. Fastigium of vertex 1.36 times wider than width of eye; 2.5 times wider antennal scape; 2.3 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.6 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape 1.1 times narrower than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 297, 298) stout, short and wide; cylindrical in prozona, slightly flattened in metazona; with smooth surface; metazona reaching to half of first abdominal tergite; 1.7 times longer than high (4.6 mm), 1.5 times longer than width of metazona (5.2 mm); shoulder incision distinct; anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin broadly rounded. Tegmina (Figs. 297, 298) brachypterous as in the genus, but relatively long, apical 2.5 mm part (almost half) visible in dorsal view, reaching to end of second abdominal tergite. Fore femur with one inner, mid femur with 1 inner and 1 outer spinules on genicular lobes; hind femur without spinules on genicular lobes. Femora without ventral spines. Hind femur (Fig. 282) long, 2.75 times longer than pronotum. Last abdominal (Fig. 286) tergite short and wide, extended posteriorly in the middle; posterior lobes wide and triangular, their small part of apices pointed and strongly downcurved, slightly outcurved; posterior incision between these lobes triangular, V-shaped, with a slit like longitudinal groove at base of this incision forward. Cercus (Fig. 286) long (3 mm), 1.16 times shorter than width of last tergite (3.5 mm); straight with a large inner tooth near to base, which as long as width of cercus. Subgenital plate (Fig. 301) as long wide; posterior incision as in the nominotypical subspecies; stylus as long as the distance between styli; with typical lateral dark bands on both sides ventrally. Titillator (Figs. 287, 288) with asymmetrical apical arms as in nominotypical subspecies, turned to right or left side in paratypes; distal part of apical arms curved forward under right angle with 5 dorsal spinules. Female (Allotype). Fastigium of vertex 1.4 times wider than width of eye; 2.3 times wider antennal scape; 2.7 times wider than frontal groove. Width of eye 1.6 times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape 1.2 times wider than frontal groove. Pronotum (Figs. 299, 300) as in male, but larger and more extended posteriorly; shoulder incision distinct, reaching almost half of first abdominal tergite; 1.7 times longer than high. Tegmina (Figs. 299, 300) concealed under pronotum, but their costal and apical parts visible in dorsal and lateral views, reaching to 1 / 3 – half of the first abdominal tergite. Legs as in male, but hind femur with 1 inner spinule on genicular lobe. Hind femur (Fig. 284) 2.9 times longer than pronotum, shorter than body. Last tergite short and wide, slightly extended posteriorly, with a triangular posterior incision in the middle and two triangular posterior lobes which are as large as this incision. Cercus (Fig. 303) spiniform, slightly incurved, with strongly acute apex. Subgenital plate (Figs. 289, 302) almost triangular, with two rounded posterior lobes and a narrow V-shaped posterior incision (not very deep). Ovipositor (Fig. 303) slightly upcurved along its length; 2.4 times longer than pronotum and only 1.2 times shorter than hind femur. Colouration. General colouration greyish brown, with dark brown spots and marks. Antennae light brown, darker in apical part. Head greyish cream in male, yellowish cream in female. Face with 6 distinct brown spots, upper two contiguous with darkened antennal foramen; clypeus with 4 brown spots in male, 2 in female. Fastigium of vertex surrounded with a thin brown band; antennal scape partly brown; behind of eyes with a dark brown band which continues on paranota, just above this band with a thin light line between the eye and pronotum. Pronotum mainly greyish brown; paranotal dark band distinct; ventral margin with a typical creamish light band in lateral view. Tegmina with cream veins, intervenal fields brown; anal part darker than costal part in both sexes. Legs as in body colour, without any distinct dark band or stripes; with some irregular small brownish spots. Hind femur with several rounded brown spots at base of dorsal side in male, indistinct in female; outer surface without dark band; anterior part of inner surface yellowish cream, remaining part greyish brown as in body, without any dark band; in some paratypes outer and inner surface of hind femur with a narrow dark band, but not very distinct. Last abdominal tergite and cercus in male greyish milky brown. Male subgenital plate yellow, with a typical longitudinal dark (brown) band at postero-lateral margin. Ovipositor as in body. Female subgenital plate and all sternites yellowish cream.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	discussion	Discussion. This new subspecies is separated from the nominotypical subspecies, P. euxina euxina ssp. nov. by the wider fastigium of vertex, the greater ratios of the fastigium of vertex with scapus and eye in both sexes, the stouter pronotum with more truncate posterior margin and less distinct shoulder incision, the longer tegmina in both sexes (While apical 2.5 mm part visible in male of P. euxina boluensis, and reaching half of first abdominal tergite in female, 1.1 mm visible in male of nominotypical subspecies and reaching to end of metanotum in female), the longer male last tergite (0.8 mm) (compare Figs. 286 and 278), with wider posterior lobes and with shorter downcurved apices [in P. euxina euxina, last tergite shorter (0.6 mm), with thin posterior lobes slightly downcurved but strongly outcurved], the longer male cercus (3 mm) (compare Figs. 286 and 278), 1.1 times shorter than width of last tergite (3.5 mm) [in P. euxina euxina, male cercus (2.2 mm) 1.6 times shorter than width of last tergite (3.5 mm)], the shape of titillator (compare Figs. 287 – 288 and 279 – 280), with distal part of apical arms directed forewards (in P. euxina euxina, distinctly downcurved like a question mark), the shape of female subgenital plate (compare Figs. 289, 302 and 281, 295) with shallow and narrow V-shaped posterior incision (in P. euxina euxina, posterior incision broadly rounded in typical form), and the larger size. It is different from P. spinulosa (compare Figs. 282 – 289 with 266 – 273) by the distinct larger size, the stouter pronotum, the longer tegmina, the shape of titillators, the last abdominal tergite in male, the female subgenital plate, and colouration. Differs from P. belen (compare Figs. 282 – 289 with 258 – 265) by the shape of stouter pronotum, the shape of stouter titillator with dorsal spinules, female subgenital plate, and the colouration. Compare four taxa, P. belen, P. spinulosa, P. euxina sp. nov., and P. euxina boluensis ssp. nov., in the same frame of photograph (Figs. 304 males, 305 females).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	description	Measurements (mm). Holotype (male). Length of body 23.9; pronotum 7.8; tegmina visible 2.5; hind femur 21.5. Allotype (female). Length of body 27; pronotum 8.6; hind femur 24.7; ovipositor 20.5. Paratypes. Length of body: male 25 – 26.4, female 25 – 27.6; pronotum: male 7.7 – 8.7, female 7.7 – 9.5; tegmina visible: male 1.9 – 2.9; hind femur: male 21.3 – 22.5, female 22.3 – 26; ovipositor: 22 – 24.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Bolu Prov., Kozlu Yaylası, 1800 m, 10.9.2000, 5 males (including holotype), 5 females; 5.10.2000, 1 male, 2 females (leg. M. Ünal); Bolu Prov., Kozlu Yaylası, 1776 m, 40 ° 48.536´N, 31 ° 35.304´E, 5.8.2021, 6 males, 5 females in alcohol (leg. A. Erden); Bolu Prov., Topardıç, 30.8.1997, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal). Bolu Prov., Mudurnu, Aynalıkaya Geçidi, 1210 m, 21.9.2000, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal). Bolu Prov., Feruz Yaylası, 1503 m, 40 ° 35.271´N, 31 ° 20.507´E, 21.8.2021, 1 female (leg. A. Erden); Bolu Prov., Gövem Yaylası, 1360 – 1400 m, 10.8.2021, 1 male, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal); Zonguldak Prov., Ereğli, 25 km. Doğu, 28.7.2000, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal). Zonguldak Prov., Ereğli, Soğanlı Köyü, 460 m, 41 ° 45.352´N, 31 ° 78.937´E, 1 male (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden). Karabük Prov., Keltepe, 1750 – 1990 m, 16.8.2001, 18 males, 10 females (leg. M. Ünal). Karabük Prov., Keltepe, Sipahiler Köyü, 930 m, 16.8.2001, 1 male, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal); Bolu, İkitepe, 1880 m, 27.8.2004, 3 females, in alcohol; Bolu, Ardıç Tepesi yolu, 1750 m, 4.10.2015, 1 male, 2 females, in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (all at AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. “ Bolu ” Province is the type locality of this new subspecies.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB50FF91FF0CD419F5B1E29F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new subspecies was listed as P. spinulosa by the author (Ünal 2006, 2018). Previous records of P. spinulosa from Bolu, Zonguldak, and the western part of Karabük Province (Keltepe and environs) belong to this new taxon. The eastern part of Karabük Province (Eflani and environs) is replaced with the nominotypical subspecies, P. euxina euxina ssp. nov. (see above).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD31DF681E5F3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Iraq: Magharad, Schlucht bei Sindjar, 8.6.1910, 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), 1 male, 1 female (paralectotypes); Hinler Djeddale, 11.6.1910, 1 female (Paralectotype) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD31DF681E5F3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ebner (1912: 447) described this species as Pholidoptera pietschmanni based on syntypes (both sexes) from two locations. A male collected from Sindjar is designated as lectotype to fix its type locality (see also the Introduction and the Material and methods section). Genus Eupholidoptera Maran, 1953 Remarks. Species groups presented by Çıplak et al. (2009) based on the shape of the male cercus or the shape of the last tergite do not reflect the natural grouping. Therefore, E. akdeniz Ünal et Naskrecki, 2002 and E. uvarovi (Karabağ, 1952) were included in the same species group although they are not close relatives. E. akdeniz is a typical member of the E. ledereri sp. group. The female subgenital plate is a reliable character that provides a more natural grouping of species from Turkey and the Middle East (Ünal et Gorochov 2024). The following phylogenetic relationship is proposed for 3 species groups, which are polytomic under the genus, and include only Turkish species: E. anatolica sp. group: (anatolica + krueperi + (tahtalica + abscondita)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD31DF681E5F3.taxon	description	E. prasina sp. group: ((( prasina + unimacula) + karabagi) + (singularis) + (tasheliensis )) + (mersinensis + tauricola) + (( sevketi + (excisa + demirsoyi )) E. ledereri sp. group: (annulipes + marashensis) + ((( cypria cypria + cypria turcica) + smyrnensis) + (gocmeni + werneri) + (akdeniz ))	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD635F3ECE393.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Adana Prov., Aladağ, Akinek Dağı, 1900 m, 22.9.2023, 3 males, 6 females in alcohol, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD635F3ECE393.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is the first record from outside the type locality, the Bolkar Mountains.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD461F53DE652.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Artvin Prov., Ardanuç, Soğanlı Köyü, 18.6.1977, 3 males, 2 females (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD461F53DE652.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The specimens listed above were identified by Karabağ et al. (1980: 8) as Parapholidoptera sp., and have not been referenced in any subsequent papers. Genus Apholidoptera Maran, 1953	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB56FF91FF0CD539F318E0A9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Karaman Prov., Sarıveliler, Uğurlu Köyü, 1625 m, 36 ° 38.963´N, 32 ° 41.038´E, 30.6.2019, 1 male, 3 females in alcohol, 6 males, 4 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD7A0F332E05B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya, 600 m, 19.7.1949, 1 female (det. Karabağ, 1950, as E. tahtalica) (NMW); Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, 10 km Doğu, Çayırözü Köyü, 907 m, 36 ° 48.286´N, 32 ° 03.554´E, 2.7.2019, 1 male nymph (in alcohol); Antalya Prov., Alanya, Köprülü, 890 m, 36 ° 44.367´N, 32 ° 12.965´E, 1.7.2019, 7 males, 1 female (in alcohol); Köprülü, 910 m, 1.7.2019, 3 males, 2 females in alcohol, 1 male; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Gelesandra üzeri, Susambeli yolu, 1555 m, 36 ° 53.081´N, 32 ° 04.976´E, 2.7.2019, (3 males, 2 females nymphs) (in alcohol) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD7A0F332E05B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A female from Antalya was misidentified as Eupholidoptera tahtalica in the collections of the NMW. Such identification mistakes of females were discussed by Ünal et Gorochov (2024).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD303F3AFE4D5.taxon	description	(Fig. 307)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD303F3AFE4D5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Gjöl-bashi [Antalya Prov., Kale, Davazlar Köyü], 1882, 1 female (leg. Luschan) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD303F3AFE4D5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This single female has a paratype label of E. spinigera (Ramme, 1930), which is the standard type label of Ramme. In the original description of E. spinigera, Ramme (1930: 818 - 819) stated that a female collected from Gjöl Banhi, in the Vienna Museum, most likely belongs to E. spinigera. But none of the subsequent authors have considered Ramme’s note and have included E. spinigera in Turkish fauna. This is correct in the present day because it appears from the current study that this female is E. karabagi. Salman (1983: 334) gave Willemse’s (1980) E. prasina record from Greece as a misidentification of E. karabagi. He showed Figure 189 on page 64 of Willemse as the evidence. But this figure belongs to the holotype of E. prasina, and figure 190 (Willemse 1980: 64) belongs to a non-type male of E. prasina from Khios. Both are, in fact, in the variation range of E. prasina. The titillator of E. karabagi (Fig. 307) is as given in Salman (1983: 332, fig. 69), and it differs by the slender apical arm with almost parallel sides. In E. prasina, the titillator (Fig. 306) with an apical arm is distinctly narrowed at the base and elliptically widened in the apical part (Figs. 306, 307).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD5A8F427E65E.taxon	description	(Fig. 306)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD5A8F427E65E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Karaman Prov., Ermenek, Konuk evi, 1350 m, 29.6.2018, 1 female; Karaman, BucakkıŞla, Oyuklu Dağı yolu, 1285 m, 36 ° 52.742´N, 33 ° 00.747´E, 1.7.2018, 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol), AŞağı Akın Köyü, 1103 m, 36 ° 54.060´N, 33 ° 02.304´E, 28.6.2019, 4 males, 3 females (in alcohol), 3 males, 1 female; Karaman Prov., Ermenek, Evsin Köyü, 670 m, 36 ° 35.674´N, 33 ° 07.067´E, 28.6.2019, 2 males (in alcohol); Aydın Prov., Karacasu, Karıncalı Dağı, 1460 m, 37 ° 42.696´N, 28 ° 32.020´E, 13.7.2023, 2 males, 1710 m, 34 ° 41.840´N, 28 ° 32.947´E, 1 female nymph (in alcohol); Aydın Prov., Çine, Bölüntü-Dereli, 326 m, 37 ° 33.053´N, 27 ° 57.210´E, 14.7.2023, 1 female (in alcohol) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD186F30DE58A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Antalya Prov., Serik, Burmahan, Dermebeli, 1955 m, 37 ° 13.646´N, 31 ° 20.251´E, 19.8.2018, 2 males, 2 females; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, Geyik Dağları, Susambeli, 2270 m, 36 ° 55.053´N, 32 ° 04.546´E, 21.8.2018, 1 female (in alcohol) (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB57FF90FF0CD186F30DE58A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This beautiful high mountain species has recently been discovered by the author (Ünal 2018). A new population has been found in the highlands of the Serik district, in northeastern Antalya.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD3F8F203E4FC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Külek (Gullek im Taurus) [Mersin Prov., Gülek], 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), 3 males, 1 female (paralectotypes) (leg. Lederer) (Coll. Br. v. W.) (NMW); Gullek im Taurus, 1 male (paralectotype) (leg. Lederer, det. Br. v. W.) (coll. Br. v. W.) (MfN); Adana, Kozan, 17.7.1953, 1 male (leg. Ö. K. Gülen); MaraŞ [KahramanmaraŞ], 20.7.1952, 1 male (leg. Ö. K. Gülen); Mersin Prov., Aslanköy, 1560 m, 36 ° 59.212´N, 34 ° 14.767´E, 29 – 30.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol; Mersin Prov., Çamlıyayla, Çakıllı Orman Deposu, 1191 m, 37 ° 10.322´N, 34 ° 38.916´E, 28.8.2018, 2 males, 3 females (in alcohol); Mersin Prov., Mezitli, Fındıkpınar yolu, 315 m, 20.9.2023, 1 male (in alcohol); Cemilli, 560 m, 20.9.2023, 2 males, 1 female (in alcohol) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD3F8F203E4FC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. A lectotype is designated from four males and one female syntype specimens in the collections of the NMW, for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and Methods sections of the present paper. Karabağ (1958) provided two records of this species from Adana and MaraŞ Provinces (refer to the Material examined section above). However, Çıplak et al. (2009) proposed that the MaraŞ population belonged to E. marashensis. The current study of the original material confirms Karabağ’s identification of the MaraŞ population as E. annulipes.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD418F5E5E196.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Osmaniye Prov., Düziçi, Düldül Dağı, 1550 m, 21.9.2023, 2 males, 6 females in alcohol, 2 females (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD194F41CE512.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Adana Prov., Aladağ, Akinek Dağı, 1900 m, 22.9.2023, 5 males, 4 females in alcohol, 4 males, 1870 m, 2 males in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD7E8F619E322.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Konya Prov., Bozkır, Çağlayan, 1400 m, 37 ° 08.720´N, 32 ° 11.159´E, 3.7.2019, 1 female, (2 male, 2 female nymphs) (in alcohol); 1250 m, 3.7.2019, 7 males, 6 females in alcohol, 4 males (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD6ECF56EE173.taxon	description	(Figs. 308 – 310)	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD6ECF56EE173.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Mersin Prov., Aslanköy, 1560 m, 36 ° 59.212´N, 34 ° 14.767´E, 29 – 30.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol; Mersin Prov., Fındıkpınar-Tepeköy, Gicik Dağı, 1480 m, 20.9.2023, 1 male, 6 females (in alcohol), 2 females (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB54FF93FF0CD6ECF56EE173.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to Ramme (1930: 820 – 821), “ the end thorn and stylus have merged into a massive thickening. ” As noted by Ramme, the stylus is fused with the subgenital plate (Figs. 308 – 309). However, a distinct spine is present on the anterior side of the fused styli (Fig. 310) (widened apical end of the subgenital plate). However, all previous literature gave the subgenital plate as spineless, and this character was used to classify and separate it from the other species.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB55FF92FF0CD418F2FCE1AA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Adana Prov., Ceyhan, 20.8.2018, 1 female in alcohol (leg. K. Yılmaz) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB55FF92FF0CD364F496E68F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Lebanon: Beirut [Beiruth], 1 male (Lectotype, here designated), coll. Lederer (Coll. Br. v. W.), number 8179, det. Fieber; Beirut, 1 female (paralectotype), coll. Lederer (Coll. Br. v. W.) (NMW).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB55FF92FF0CD364F496E68F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type specimens, 1 male and 1 female, are syntypes. The only male is designated as lectotype for the reason explained in the Introduction and Material and methods sections.	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB55FF92FF0CD7E8F227E173.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Turkey: Aydın Prov., Çine, Bölüntü-Dereli, 326 m, 37 ° 33.053´N, 27 ° 57.210´E, 14.7.2023, 1 male (in alcohol); Antalya Prov., Alanya, Kadıyakası Yaylası, 1237 m, 36 ° 42.913´N, 32 ° 18.123´E, 1.7.2019, 1 male (in alcohol); Antalya Prov., Alanya, Karadere, 1150 m, 36 ° 36.575´N, 32 ° 24.595´E, 30.6.2019, 1 male nymph; Antalya Prov., GündoğmuŞ, 10 km Doğu, Çayırözü Köyü, 907 m, 36 ° 48.286´N, 32 ° 03.554´E, 2.7.2019, 3 males, 1 female (nymphs) (in alcohol) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
039B8758BB55FF92FF0CD7E8F227E173.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Salman (1990) listed an Eupholidoptera species as “ Eupholidoptera yalvaci (Salman, 1982) ” in the species list of Pholidopterini in Turkey in a paper that is listed in the References section as “ Salman, S., Atatürk Üniv. Fen. Fak. Der. Cilt 1. Özel Sayı 1: 164 - 168, 1982 ”. However, this paper could be found in libraries, among colleagues, or even in its publisher, Atatürk University, Erzurum. It appears that this paper has not been validly published according to the ICZN regulations (Articles 8, 9) and is a manuscript. Salman (1983) did not include this species in his revision of the genus Eupholidoptera. No subsequent authors have mentioned this taxon. In Salman’s curriculum vitae, the title of the paper is found (see below paragraph) and understood from the title, which describes E. yalvaci from the Marmara Region of Turkey. The only known species of Eupholidoptera in this area is E. smyrnensis. The full reference of this invalid paper: Salman S. (1982) Marmara Bölgesinden yeni bir Eupholidoptera türü (Orthoptera, Decticinae). Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Dergisi, 1 (1), 164 – 168, Erzurum, (Manuscript).	en	Ünal, Mustafa (2025): Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa 5687 (1): 1-77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5687.1.1
