taxonID	type	description	language	source
039F879D5E53FFD6C6B59AFFFF1F4560.taxon	description	Castaneous to dark caslaneous. Head long and acuminate. Anterolateral margins of pronotum yellowish. Body length arising 10.00 to 16.00 longoAbdominal width arising 6.00 to 8.00 long. Head longer than the width between eyes and nearly as long as pronotum; anteocular portion longer than wide. Jugae and tylus subequal in length. Jugae progressively narrowing to apex. Antennae: segment I not attaining apex of head; segment ll 1 the longest; I longer than II; V tanger than IV; segment IV slightly dorsoventrally depressed and longitudinally sulcated. Head in profile withjugae in a lower levei lhan tylus. Bucculae rectilinear, in proftle, weakly developed and evanescent at base ot'head. Rostrum attaining at least the first urosternite. Rostrum: segment I as long as bucculae but not hidden by them; segment II shorter than III and IV together. Dorsal punctures of head regularly distributed, ventral punctures concentrated c 10 se to antenniferous tubercles and base ofbucculae. Pronotum trapezoidal, anterior angles distinctly toothed. Anterolateral margins rectilinear, entire and yellowish. Humeral angles not developed. Pronotum densely and uniformly punctured. Thorax ventrally and irregularly punctured. Prosternum and mesosternum piceous. Anterior half of mesosternum carinate. A narrow row of white hairs aiong mesosternum. Metasternum shallowly concave. Each ostiolar ruga clavated. Evaporatory area matte. Tibiae dorsally sulcated. Femora and tibiae with piceous dots. Coxa, trocanters and tarsi immaculate. Basal angle of scutelum foveate, apex rounded not attaining posterior border of fifth segmento Posterior angle of corium acute reaching sixth segment of connexivum. Apex of radial vein with a small pale yellow callus. Hemelytralmembrane hyaline and infuscate, veins brown sometimes bifurcate. Well-exposed connexivum with concolorous punctures. Connexivum with mm · gins subcalosed and fuscous; postero-lateral angles weakly projected. Ventral surface with smaller and more concentrated punctures than in the dorsal surface. Sutures of abdominal segments fuscous near lateral margins. Each trichobothrium separated by a longitudinal imaginary line tangential to the spiracles. Male. Pygophore quadrangular, globose opening dorso-posteriorly. Dorsal rim excavated in an open " U ". Postero-lateral angles rounded, slightly projected. Ventral rim forming two layers; the superior one expanded in 1 + 1 breast-like structures, postero-ventrally directed and 1 + 1 cylindrical arms dorsally-directed, each one beside segment X. Inferior layer carinated with I + I conical projections, that are close together; bristles sparsely distributed between superior and inferior layers. Segl 11 ent X (proctiger) cylindrical, apex rounded with I + I basal processes. Parameres reduced and trapezoidal in profile. Phallus dorso-ventrally depressed. Dorsal connectives short; processus capi / ali well developed. Phallotheca with 1 + 1 median, ventral, digitiform processes (processus phallothecae) almost parallel and shorter than processus conjunctivae I. Postero-Iateral angles of phalLotheca developed. Conjunctiva with two processes. Processus conjunctivae 1 in I + I divergent, slightly sclerotized arms beside processus phallolhecae I; processus conjunclivae 2 in I + I lateral digitiform structures. Vesica in a membranous collar ventrally excavated in an open " U " and dorsally with a shield-like processus (processus vesicae). Opening of vesica ventrally-directed, duclus seminis dislalis extremely long helicoidal and very delicate, normally noL preserved after dissecLion. Fel 11 ale. Posterior border of gonocoxites 8 arched, l 11 esial borders parallel. Posterior border oflaterotergites 8 forl 11 ing an obtuse angle, spiracles absent. Apices of laterotergites 9 rounded and surpassing transverse band linking laterotergites 8 dorsally. Gonocoxites 9 trapezoidal, antero-lateral angles expanded into narrow and curved arms. Gonapophyses 9 with a pair of secondary thickening. Thickening of vaginal intima conical. Ductus receptacllli before and after vesicular area very long, but not as long as in Hypatropis Bergroth (FERNANDES & GRAZlA 1996); dllctus helicoidal after vesicular area, and occasionally wound before vesicular area. Pars intermedialis with a basal sclerotized ring. Annular crests well developed and parallel. Capsula seminalis globose.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E53FFD6C6B59AFFFF1F4560.taxon	discussion	Comments. Tibraca belongs to a monophyletic group forl 11 ed by Mecocephala Dallas, 1851, Paratibraca Campos & Grazia, 1995, Glyphepomis Berg, 1891, Parahypatropis Grazia & Fernandes, 1996 and Hypalropis Bergroth, 1891; the states of characters found in male genitalia, shared by these genera, represent the synapomorphies of the genera. BENVEGNÚ (1968) studied the pygophore and phallus of T. limbativentris, M. aeuminata Dallas, 1851 and Parameeoeephala foveala Benvegnú, 1968 and recognized the similarities among them. ln Tibraea and Meeoeephala, besides the biggest size ofthe body, the head is longer than wide, acuminate at apex, with a lighter band on pronotum and ostiolar ruga extending through 1 / 3 of evaporatory area width. The shorter rostrum and the absence of median abdominal sulcus separate Tibraea from Meeoeephala.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E53FFD6C6B59AFFFF1F4560.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tibraea is found in Caribbean, Northwest Neotropical and Souheast Neotropical regions (AMORIM & PIRES 1996). Its species have been reported from rice crops. T. limbaliventris has the widest known distribution of ali species ranging in Neotropical region from Southeast area to Northwest and Caribbean areas; T. similima is restricted to Ecuador, and T. exiglla, found in South Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E51FFD1C63F9961FA1D4A64.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype female labeled " Brasilia [Rio de Janeiro]; 6582; Typus; Naturhis­toriska Riksmuseet Stockholm Loan n ° 747 / 91 " (NI-IRM), examined. One hundred and lwenty three specimens were examined from: DOMTNICAN REpUBLIC: Juma-Ponao; GUADALUPE: Estación de Rujol (on rice); COSTA RICA: Heredia: Sarapiqui (on rice); COLOMBIA: Valie dei Cauca, Palmira (on rice); VENEZUELA: Guarico, Calabozo, Portuguesa: La Aparición, Payara; BRAZIL: Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins, Goiás, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul; PERU: Lamarca: Bagua, Loreto: Yurimaguas; BOLIVIA: La Paz, Sapecho, Alto Beni (on rice). According to COSTA LIMA (1947) e TRUJILLO (199 t) T. limbativentris occurs on rice in Argentina.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E51FFD1C63F9961FA1D4A64.taxon	description	Body length from 13.0 - 16.0. Pronotal width 6.7 - 8.0. Abdominal width 6.6 - 8.0. Male. Pronotal lateral margin impunctured or rarely punctured in the posterior half. Ostiolar ruga two or three times larger than openning of scent gland, developed through 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 metapleural width. Legs concolorous with the body. Abdominal area between trichobothria and lateral margin yellow sparsely punctured, punctures shallower than the abdominal ones. Basal processes of proctiger in a posteriorly directed hornlike projection (Fig. 21). Processus conjunctivae 1 a little widened at apex, in profile (Fig. 23). Female. Similar to male. Ductus receptaculi, before vesicular area, all 110 st three times longer than this area; ductus equal in diameter, before and after vesicular area (Fig. 28).	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E51FFD1C63F9961FA1D4A64.taxon	discussion	Comments: The holotype female of Mormidea basa / is Walker, 1868 (= Mormidea walkeri) was also examined.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E57FFD0C6409A9EFAC54A4B.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4, 9,10,13,18, 19,24,25,30	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E57FFD0C6409A9EFAC54A4B.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male labeled " Santa Ana, Ecuador, VI- 1939, F. Campos; Pest in Rice field; male; Tibraca similima Barb., Type det. H. G. Barber; Type n ° 55160 USNM " (USNM), examined. Thirty one specimens were examined from: ECUADOR: Azuay: Cuenca, Manabi: Portoviejo, Santa Ana, Guayas: Guayaquil.	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E57FFD0C6409A9EFAC54A4B.taxon	description	Body length from 13.0 - 15.0. Pronotal width 6.7 - 8.0. Abdominal width 6.6 - 8.0. Male. Pronotal lateral margin punctured; punctures not uniform in size. Ostiolar ruga two or three times larger than openning of scent gland, developed through 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 metapleural width. Legs concolorous with the body. Abdominal area between trichobothria and lateral margin yellowish with punctures almost as concentrated as in the abdomen. Basal processes ofproctiger in a conical projection (Fig. 3). Processus conjzlnctivae I widened at apex, in profile (Fig. 25). Female. Similar to male. Ductus receptaculi, before vesicular area around five times longer than this area; diameter ofthe ductus, before vesicular area, larger than the diameter afier vesicular area (Fig. 30).	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E5AFFDDC6609F92FCB74B51.taxon	description	Figs 5,6, 12,14, 15, 20, 21,26, 27,29 Male. Very similar to T limbativentris but smaller in size. Body length from 9.0 - 12.0. Length of head 2.1 - 2.4; anteocular length 1.2 - 1.4; width ofhead 1.9 - 2.2; width between eyes 1.1 - 1.4; anteocular width 0.9 - 1.0. Pronotal length 2.0 - 2.7; pronotal width 5.2 - 6.0. Scutellar length 3.3 - 4.4; basal width 3.2 - 3.9. Abdominal width 0.54 - 0.65. Pronotai lateral margins impunctated 01 ' rarely punctated at posterior half. Ostiolar ruga shorter than in the previous species, as long as or slightly larger than opening of scent gland, developed 1 / 6 through metapleural width. Legs red to dark red. Abdominal area belween trichobothria and lateral margin yellowish with sparse and castaneous punctures, occasionally absent. Basal processes of proctiger in a posteriorly directed horn-like projection (Fig. 5). Processus conjunctivae 1 digitiform and dorsally curved at apex, in profile (Fig. 27). Other characters as described for genus. Female. Similar to male. Duclus receplaculi, before vesicular area, conspicuously longer than in the previous species, exceeding ten times the length of this area; ductus equal in diameter before and after vesicular area (Fig. 29).	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
039F879D5E5AFFDDC6609F92FCB74B51.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype male: ARGENTINA, Entre Rios: Pronuntiamente, 1 - 1965, F. H. Walz, Museum Leiden. (RMNH). Paratypes: BRAZIL, Santa Catarina: 10 invile, Coleção Diringshofen, 1 female (UFRG); 1 female, # 060; 1 female, # 061. (MZSP). Corupá, Hansa Humboldt, A. Maller, Frank Johnson Donor Collection, I female, XI- 1919, Tibraca simulans H. Ruckes (not described), Tibraca ruckesi McDonald (not described); 1 male, XlI- 1944, Tibraca simulans H. Ruckes (not described), Tibraca I'I / ckesi McDonald (nol described); I female, X- 1948, Tibraca simulans H. Ruckes (not described), Tibraca ruckesi McDonald (not described) (AMNH). Rio Grande do Sul: Pelotas, I male, V- 1990, Schoens; I male, 10 - VI- 1990, M. N. Miranda; 1 male, VI- 1990, Costa; 1 female, VI- 1990, Marques; 1 female, 28 - IV- 1991, von Laer; I female, V- 1991, Zepka (UFRG); I male, IV- 1991, Monteiro; 1 female, VI- 1991, Marcolin; I male, 24 - IV- 1993, Maguelly (MCNZ); 1 male, 17 - V- 1991, Chapon (UFPL); I female, I 1 I- 1991, Oliveira; I male, 25 - I 1 I- 1991, Dai Molin (MLPA); I male, 1 lI- 1991, Silveira (AMNH); I male, 27 - V- 1994, Zanusso (MZSP); I male, 20 - 11 - 1991, Wetzel; Canguçu, I male, 8 - V- 19919, Moreira (DZUP); Capão do Leão, I male, 03 - 1 - 1991, Beskow (USNM). ARGENTINA, Cordoba: Almafuerte, La Cascada, 1 female, XII- 1964, F. H. Walz; El Quebracho, I female, 1 - 1965, F. H. Walz (RMNH). Buenos Aires: Buenos Aires, Berisso, 04 - XI- 1973, O. S. Flint (USNM). URUGUAY, I male and I female, Boucard, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm Loan # 744 / 9 1 and # 745 / 91, respectively (NHRS); Montevideo, Sayago, I female, 1942, Tibraca limbativenlris Pirán det.; Santiago Vázquez, I male, 5 - XI- 1961, C. S. Morey, Tibraca limbativentris Pirán det.; 1 male, 21 - IX- 1960, en caraguatá; 1 male, 15 - X- 1960, entre yuyos (UYIC).	en	Fernandes, José Antonio Marin, Grazia, Jocélia (1998): Revision of the genus Tibraca Stål (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 15 (4): 1049-1060, DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81751998000400022
