identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0389D92DD83AFF932BD7FAD7FDDAA9D8.text	0389D92DD83AFF932BD7FAD7FDDAA9D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Olifantiella elisabethiana Van de Vijver 2016	<div><p>Olifantiella elisabethiana Van de Vijver, sp. nov. (Figs 1–31)</p> <p>Light microscopy (Figs 1–15): Valves almost linear, becoming more elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate in smaller specimens (Figs 14, 15) with parallel, straight margins and rostrate, clearly protracted, bluntly rounded, truncated apices. Valve dimensions (n=50): length 8–17μm, width 3.5–4.0 μm. Axial area very narrow, linear, not widening towards the central area. Central area almost nonexisting, asymmetrical due to the shortening of one stria. Raphe filiform located on a slightly raised sternum, widening near the central area (Fig. 5). Proximal raphe endings simple to very weakly enlarged, slightly unilaterally deflected. Distal raphe endings not visible in LM. Striae clearly visible, parallel throughout becoming occasionally weakly radiate near the apices, 31–32 in 10 μm. Areolae not discernible in LM. SEM (Figs 16–25): valve face flat. External view: large hyaline zone running from apex to apex, parallel to the axial area (Figs 16, 20). Striae composed of one large slitlike macroareola, equidistant (Figs 16, 18). Part of the striae near the axial area covered in the areolar canal by a finely perforated hymen. Most outer part of the striae open (Fig. 18). Large, lanceolate zone visible on the valve face on both sides of the axial area corresponding to the underlying hymena (Fig. 16). ‘Fenestrulae’ (non-covered part of the areolae according to Riaux-Gobin (2015) though not formally defined) very small (Fig. 18). Central area asymmetrical due to one shortened vestigial stria, located close to the hyaline marginal zone (Fig. 17). Opening of the buciniportula narrow, transapically elongated, slitlike (Fig. 17), located on the secondary side. Raphe branches weakly undulating, placed between two very low ridges (Fig. 16). Proximal raphe endings very weakly droplike expanded, almost straight (Fig. 17). Distal raphe fissures very short, unilaterally deflected to the secondary side, terminating in simple endings (Fig. 19). Internal view: raphe branches straight. Proximal raphe endings indistinct, straight. Central nodule weakly raised. Small, raised siliceous rectangular wart located between the proximal raphe endings (Figs 21, 24). Distal endings terminating onto small raised helictoglossae (Figs 21, 23). Buciniportula solitary, weakly raised (Figs 24, 25), rounded, flattened, plugged by a sort of finely punctated hymen, similar to that of the areolae. Virgae thickened, clearly raised with the striae in between, clearly sunken (Fig. 22), covered by finely perforated hymenes. Marginally a large canal present, surrounding the entire valve. Internal and external layer of the valve split from the valve margin towards the axial area, fused again via perforated hymenes with the striae, almost halfway between the margins and the axial area (Figs 21, 22). Near the valve margin, small, rounded, perforated plates present at the end of each stria covering small bulbous structures at the valve margin (Figs 21, 23). Virgae terminating near the split of internal and external layer, continuing as a narrow ridge (Fig. 28). Frustules in girdle view not observed due to severe cleaning. Girdle composed of several, open copulae usually bearing a double perforation (Figs 26, 27). TEM (Figs 29–31): striae composed of one transapically elongated areola, extending from the axial area till almost halfway between axial area and valve margin (Figs 29, 30). Virgae with small ridges continuing towards the valve margins clearly visible (Fig. 29). Small, rounded plates near the valve margins clearly visible (Figs 29, 30). Bucinoportula clearly slitlike, covered by a rounded, siliceous plug (Fig. 31).</p> <p>Type:— BELGIUM. Port of Antwerp: Kanaaldok B 2, sample 352846 (wharf 669), B. Van de Vijver, 20 May 2008 (holotype: BR! slide no. 4446; isotype: PLP! slide no. 301, University of Antwerp, Belgium).</p> <p>Etymology:—The new species is named after Miss. Elisabeth Wilfert, stepdaughter of the author, on the occasion of her 8 th birthday (20/06/2016).</p> <p>Ecology and associated diatom taxa:— Olifantiella elisabethiana was recorded in several samples from the Kanaaldok in the Antwerp harbor. The samples were characterized by a fairly high Cl- level (2.6 g /l), high conductivity levels (627 mS/m), an almost circumneutral pH (7.8) and moderate nutrient values (TN 5.0 g/l, TP 0.17 g /l) (all values from Van Dam et al. 2008). The flora in the samples was dominated by brackish and marine species such as Nitzschia filiformis var. conferta (Richter 1879: 65) Lange-Bertalot in Lange-Bertalot &amp; Krammer (1987: 18), Psammothidium punctulatum (Simonsen 1959: 75) Bukhtiyarova &amp; Round (1996: 14), Tabularia fasciculata (Agardh 1812: 35) Williams &amp; Round (1986: 326) and Berkeleya spp. Unfortunately, no raw material is kept making observation of the lifeform of the new species not possible.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389D92DD83AFF932BD7FAD7FDDAA9D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vijver, Bart Van De;Mertens, Adrienne;Dam, Herman Van	Vijver, Bart Van De, Mertens, Adrienne, Dam, Herman Van (2016): Olifantiella elisabethiana, a new raphid diatom species (Bacillariophyta) observed in the Port of Antwerp (Belgium). Phytotaxa 261 (3): 251-259, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.4
0389D92DD83CFF902BD7FF1EFC82AA8D.text	0389D92DD83CFF902BD7FF1EFC82AA8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Olifantiella Riaux-Gobin & Compere emend. Van de Vijver 2009	<div><p>Olifantiella Riaux-Gobin &amp; Compère emend. Van de Vijver</p> <p>Olifantiella taxa are small-sized symmetric Biraphidineae with: 1) parallel to slightly radiate striae, opening along their whole length on the outside (e. g. macroareolae), closed by an uninterrupted finely perforated hymen, 2) externally, a rather large hyaline, thickened zone runs all around the periphery of the valves. Internally, a hymenous velum extends from the valve mantle onto the striae in an oblique angle, forming a broad marginal canal running near the mantle from apex to apex, 3) central raphe endings bent away from the process opening, 4) raphe endings simple and very slightly bent, 5) on both valves, a process opening, unique, with different shape, width and position, 7) when observed, internal process or buciniportula, composed of more or less complex tubular structures, raised or not, ending in a bell-mouth plugged or not, or ending in a sort of fan, 8) multiple girdle bands with two to three rows of puncta occluded by a finely perforated velum; some bands lack puncta, 9) apical slits of various shape and number, internally occluded by a domed velum, 10) internally, a siliceous nodule in between the central raphe endings, 11) slightly raised helictoglossae, 12) externally an occasional small wart in the vicinity of the central nodule, and 13) a complex narrow wavy structure resembling a valvocopula (until now only observed in the generitype).</p> <p>Olifantiella elisabethiana is so far the only species of this genus found in the Northern Hemisphere. All species known so far, were described from the coastal waters of tropical islands in the Indian and Pacific Ocean (Riaux-Gobin &amp; Compère 2009, Riaux-Gobin &amp; Al-Handal 2012, Riaux-Gobin 2015), although based on the work of one single scientist. It is at the moment impossible to clarify the disjunct distribution of this genus. Given the typical morphology of the genus with the bucinoportula, its presence in marine and brackish samples should be noticed, even using only light microscopy techniques. Nevertheless, a literature search showed no records of the genus in for instance the Mediterranean Region nor in Western Europe. It is therefore difficult to explain the presence of Olifantiella in the Port of Antwerp. One hypothesis is that it is the consequence of an accidental introduction via the international ship transport. Large ships are known to transport reasonable amounts of viable diatoms cells in their ballast water during long trips (Klein et al. 2010). Given the relatively large population observed at the type locality, it is clear that the presence of these valves in the harbor docks is not a coincidence and that a successful colonization took place. Klein et al. (2010) showed that several taxa, transported by long-term ship voyages, are capable of surviving in the port of arrival. Whether the populations of O. elisabethiana arrived in the Port of Antwerp in a similar way is of course at present only speculation and molecular research will be necessary to indicate the origin of the Antwerp population. Given the morphological differences with all known Olifantiella species in the tropical, a possible source population for O. elisabethiana in the tropics has still not been found.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389D92DD83CFF902BD7FF1EFC82AA8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vijver, Bart Van De;Mertens, Adrienne;Dam, Herman Van	Vijver, Bart Van De, Mertens, Adrienne, Dam, Herman Van (2016): Olifantiella elisabethiana, a new raphid diatom species (Bacillariophyta) observed in the Port of Antwerp (Belgium). Phytotaxa 261 (3): 251-259, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.4
