identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038BBD16FFDA0448FC01FE102873FD71.text	038BBD16FFDA0448FC01FE102873FD71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pelecorhynchus vulpes (Macquart 1850)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pelecorhynchus vulpes (Macquart)</p>
            <p>(Figs. 1-3)</p>
            <p> Pangonia vulpes Macquart, 1850: 327-328 . </p>
            <p> Pelecorhynchus aurantiacus Ricardo, 1900: 103 (description of female), pI. i, fig. 2; Ricardo, 1910: 403 (in key), 409 (comments). </p>
            <p> Pelecorhynchus vulpes (Macquart) . Surcouf, 1921: 222 (in key);  Coenura vulpes (Macquart) , Enderlein, 1925: 262 (list); Kröber, 1930a: 152 (in key), 152-153 (redescription of female); Kröber, 1930b: 114 (in key), 114-115 (redescription of female). </p>
            <p> Material examined:   Holotype specimen MNHN-ED-ED7515 (http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/ mnhn/ed/ed7515). Chile 1 male, M. Gay coll. (by photography) (Fig. 1A). Región de La Araucanía: Malleco Province: 1 male Nahuelbuta, 12.XII.1977, J. Jiménez coll. Región de Los Ríos:  Valdivia Province : 1 male Isla Teja, 12.XII.2022, L.A. García coll. (all deposited in the insect collection of the  Instituto de Entomología , Universidad Metropolitana, Chile). Diagnosis: Body color orange-rufous (Fig. 1B). Eyes bare. Ocellar triangle with sparse, short setulae on the vertex (Fig. 1C). First flagellomere rounded laterally, gradually tapered (Fig. 1D). Maxillary palp spatulate with abundant long orange-rufous setulae. Scutum orange-rufous bearing abundant short orange-rufous setulae(Fig.1B). Pleura pruinose brown with long orange-rufous setulae; anepimeron with long white setulae (Fig. 1D). Legs orange-rufous. Wings hyaline (Fig. 1B). Abdomen orange-rufous dorsally,with concolorous setulae on all tergites (Fig. 1B). Gonostylus subtriangular, lateral lobe straight, pointed (Fig. 2B). Parameral sheet hooks short, upturned, shorter than medial lobe of gonostylus (Fig. 2C). </p>
            <p>Redescription (Holotype m)</p>
            <p>Male: Length 18.5 mm, wing length 16.5 mm. Body col- or orange-rufous (Fig. 1B). Head. Head wider than thorax. Eyes brownish, bare, all facets of equal size (Fig. 1C). Ocellar triangle and ocelli developed. Vertex pruinose brown with short brown setulae (Fig. 1C). Face inflated, convex, brown, with orange-rufous setulae (Fig. 1D). Antennal scape brown with abundant long brown setulae; scape 2X length of pedicel, subquadrate; pedicel brown, bearing shorter setulae. First flagellomere orange, round- ed laterally, gradually tapered, with eight flagellomeres (Fig. 1D). Maxillary palpus pruinose orange-rufous, onethird of head height; first segment rounded, with long orange-rufous setulae; second segment 3X length of first, spatulate,with abundant long orange-rufous setulae.Proboscis brown with yellow-black setulae; labellum large, fleshy, one-half head height (Fig. 1D). Thorax. Scutum orange-rufous, bearing abundant long orange-rufous setulae (Fig. 1B). Postpronotal lobes concolorous. Scutellum orange-rufous with long orange-rufous setulae on distal margin (Fig. 1B). Pleura pruinose brown with long orange-rufous setulae (Fig. 1D); anepisternum with long orange-rufous setulae; katepisternum and katatergite with long orange-rufous setulae; anepimeron with long white setulae. Legs orange-rufous, coxae with long orange-rufous setulae, femora with long orange-rufous setulae; tibiae concolorous and more setulose than femora, setulae orange-rufous; remaining leg segments with short orange-rufous setulae(Fig.1D).Wing hyaline (Fig.1D); Sc and R₁ well separated at wing margin; R₂ + ₃ and R₄ parallel; curvature R₄ at base forming an angle less than 90°;R₅ and M₁ parallel; M₁ and M₂ straight, slightly divergent; M₃ and M₄ slightly divergent; CuA and CuP convergent, distal part of CuP straight; costal cell orange; subcostal cell hyaline; r₂ + ₃ hyaline; discal cell hyaline; cua closed. Basicosta with microtrichia.Halterreddish.Squamaeconcolorouswithwing base. Upper calypteres yellowish, lower calypteres lighter in color. Abdomen. Suboval, orange-rufous, tergites 2-7 with orange-rufous setulae dorsally, longest on posterior margins (Fig. 1B). Sternites with shorter orange-rufous setulae. Terminalia. Gonocoxite developed, narrow, curved, apically rounded, with setulae (length = 1.37 mm, maximum width = 1.83 mm) (Fig. 2A); gonocoxal apodeme extending well beyond anterior margin of hypandrium (length = 0.9 mm),lateral ejaculatory process short- er (length = 0.75 mm) (Fig. 2A). Gonostylus subtriangular, lateral lobe straight, pointed (length = 0.15 mm) (Fig. 2B); medial lobe rounded. In dorsal view, aedeagus short and narrow, shorter than length of gonocoxite; ejaculatory apodeme elongated (length = 1.1 mm) (Fig. 2C); parameral sheet hooks short, heavily chitinized, upturned, and spaced between them, shorter than medial lobe of gonostylus (length = 0.15 mm, maximum width = 3.0 mm) (Fig. 2C); spines of hooks of parameral sheets absent. Cerci attached directly to epandrium, one-segmented and prominent, lobate, apically rounded,with abundant small setulae (length = 2.1 mm, maximum width = 2.3 mm) (Fig. 2D). Hypoproct about as long as wide, much longer than more dorsally situated cerci; posterior margin with a broad, shallow,V-shaped emargination (length = 2.0 mm, maximum width = 2.2 mm) (Fig. 2D). Epandrium large, rectangular, strongly arched, with very long lateral setae (Fig. 2E).</p>
            <p> Remarks: The male terminalia of  P. vulpes shows similarities to some Australian species, such as  P. albolineatus Hardy ,  P. fascipennis Mackerras &amp; Fuller P. kippsi Mackerras &amp; Fuller , and  P. nigripennis Ricardo , particularly in the shape of the gonostylus (pointed at apex and abruptly expanded at base) and in the development and orientation of the hooks of the aedeagus (Mackerras &amp; Fuller, 1942, Nagatomi, 1984).The genitalia of  P.vulpes does not exhibit any morphological similarity with the other species of Chilean distribution, which are currently included in the genus  Coenura (González et al., 2023) . </p>
            <p>Geographic distribution: Chile (Región Metropolitana de Santiago to Región de Los Ríos) (Fig. 3).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038BBD16FFDA0448FC01FE102873FD71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	González, Christian R.	González, Christian R. (2024): Redescription of the male of Pelecorhynchus vulpes (Macquart) and first description of the male terminalia (Diptera: Pelecorhynchidae). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 64: 1-5, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.032, URL: https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.032
