identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038D87EBFF9AF945D6CE94D3FECDFA66.text	038D87EBFF9AF945D6CE94D3FECDFA66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel 1836)	<div><p>Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel, 1836), sp. reinst.</p><p>(Figs 2, 30, 30a–c, 46)</p><p>Crambus coulonellus Duponchel, 1836: 128, 129</p><p>Holotype male: labels as in Fig. 2, “375” means July 12, Chasseral, Jura, Switzerland, M. Coleru legit, as explained in original description, NMHN, examined.</p><p>Catoptria petrificella sensu auctt. nec Hübner, 1796.</p><p>Other material examined: France: 1 male, Isère, Col des Ayes, 1545 m, 22.vii.1937, Coll. G. Praviel, GS 6986 GB, SNSB ; Italy: 1female, Piemonte: Alpe di Mera ( Scopa), 1500m, 20.vii.1958, U. Parenti legit, GS 6921 GB, RCGB ; Lombardia: 7 males, 5 females, Ortler, Bormio, val Fraele, 2000 m, 30.vi and 29.vii.1960, F. Hartig legit, GS 518 and 6951 GB, MRSNTO and RCGB ; Trentino Alto Adige: 4 males, 2 females, Passo Sella (BZ), 18-1900 m, 8.vii.1998, U. Parenti legit, GS 5008 and 6927, RCGB . Switzerland: 1 female, Vallon de Susanfe, 25.vii.1896, G. Audéoud, GS 6969 GB, MHNG ; 1 male, Zermatt, 18.viii.87, Coll. Blanchier, GS 6971 GB, MHNG . Austria: 1 male, N. Tyrol, Vermatal, 1700 m, 31.vii.1969, MRSNTO ; 1 male, N. Tyrol, Vermatal, 2000 m, 22.viii.1954, GS 6933 GB, RCGB . Poland: 1 male, Tatry, Beskid, 2000 m, 30.vii.1948, Błeszyński legit, GS 6977 GB, RCGB ; 1 female, Tatry 1400m, Peretriz Iwanioska, 28.vi.1946. S. Błeszyński legit, GS 6980 GB, RCGB .</p><p>Diagnosis. Catoptria coulonellus is similar in habitus (Fig. 2) to C. combinella (Figs 1, 3, 4), but it can be distinguished by the medial white stripe that is interrupted medially, the paler medial area of the forewing, and the relatively uniform end of the stripe, which has a threefold end in C. combinella . The male genitalia (Fig. 30) are similar to those of C. combinella (Fig. 29), C. orientellus (Fig. 31) and C. spodiellus (Fig. 32), however: versus C. combinella pars basalis and vinculum are smaller, shorter row of cornuti with about 5–8 shorter cornuti (Fig. 30c); versus C. orientellus pars basalis is slightly more elongated, arched lamella of pars basalis is less developed, vinculum is shorter, short row of cornuti has fewer and shorter cornuti; versus C. spodiellus pars basalis is shorter, arched lamella of pars basalis is more well-built, the cornuti of the main row are stouter. The female genitalia (Fig. 46): versus C. combinella (Fig. 45) ostium bursae more regularly rounded, sterigma forming an irregular sclerotized ring around ostium bursae, thinner above it; ductus bursae proximally curved outward and narrower; versus C. orientellus (Fig. 47) ostium bursae more irregular and on average less wide, ductus bursae proximally shorter and less sclerotized; versus C. spodiellus (Fig. 48) ostium bursae is thinner, ductus bursae sclerotized up to below the ductus seminalis.</p><p>Distribution: Central Pyrenees, Swiss Jura, Alps, Carpathian Mts. (Romania and Ukraine) and Rila Mts (Bulgaria). Restricted to mountainous areas.</p><p>Biology. According to Schmid (2019) [as C. petrificella], the eggs are dropped onto the ground. The caterpillar lives in a silk tube within the grass layer and feeds on mosses and grasses from there. After overwintering, it pupates either in the silk tube or in a separate cocoon.</p><p>Remarks. As we said in the introduction, the study of the holotype of C. coulonellus (Fig. 2) confirms that C. coulonellus is a distinct species with respect to C. petrificella (Fig. 1), and the subsequent misunderstanding of the two taxa in the recent literature is due to a misinterpretation of the two taxa in Microlepidoptera Palaearctica (Błeszyński 1965).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF9AF945D6CE94D3FECDFA66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF9AF944D6CE927FFF61FA52.text	038D87EBFF9AF944D6CE927FFF61FA52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria combinella	<div><p>Catoptria combinella ([Denis &amp; Schiffermüller], 1775)</p><p>(Figs 1, 3, 4, 29, 29a, 45)</p><p>Tinea combinella [ Denis &amp; Schiffermüller], 1775: 319. Type locality: most likely Austria Wienergegend [Vienna area]. Type material: lost. Neotype male, here designated: Austria, Niederöstereich, Göstlinger Alpen, Rothwald, Jagdhaus, 990 m, 12.vii.1999, F. Lichtenberger leg., TLMF Innsbruck C. Lichtenberger 2018-003, TLMF.</p><p>Catoptria petrificella (Hübner, 1796), syn. nov.</p><p>Tinea petrificella Hübner, 1796: 28, pl. 7, Fig. 47. Type locality: unknown [according to original description probably from Hungary]. Type material: lost. Neotype female, here designated: Austria: N. Tyrol, Innsbruck, Nordkette, 2000 m, 10.vii.1967, Hernegger., TLMF.</p><p>Material examined: Italy: 4 males, 1 female, Piemonte, Santuario di Oropa (BI), 1200 m, 20.vii.1958, U. Parenti legit, MZUF and RCGB ; 2 males, 1 female, Monte Baldo (VR), dint. Rif. Novezzina, m. 1300, 14.vii.1987, U. Parenti legit, GS 3209, 3214 and 6954 GB, RCGB ; 1 male, Veneto (VR), Ferrara di M. Baldo, 19.vii. 2013, 1750 m, G. Longo Turri legit, RCLT ; 1 male, Friuli, Chiusaforte (UD), 29.vii. 2021, 1955 m, G. Longo Turri legit, RCLT; Austria: 5 males, 5 females, Nordkette, Innsbruck, 2200 m, 26.vii.1971, Burmann, GS 1077 and 6926 GB, RCGB and MRSNTO ; 1 female, idem but 27.vii.1971, RCGB; 2 males, 1 female, Nord Tirol, Howal, 750 m, 17.vii.1969, Kappellar Innsbruck, MHNG and RCGB ; 1 male, Steiermark, Prebichl, 1206 m, 9.vii.1953, O. Sterzl, SNSB ; 1 female, Styria, Frein, 800 m, 11.vii.1966, H. Reisser Coll., SNSB . Slovenia: 2 males, 1 female, Carniola, Velika Planina, 1600 m, 23.vii.1965, F. Hartig legit, GS 1061 and 1076 GB, MRSNTO ; 1 female, Goriska, Tolmin, Bovec, 2210m, 14.viii.2011, G. Longo Turri legit, RCLT .</p><p>Diagnosis. Catoptria combinella is similar in habitus (Figs 1, 3, 4) to C. coulonellus (Fig. 2), but it can be distinguished by the uninterrupted medial white stripe, the darker medial area of the forewing, and the threefold end of the stripe, which is either lacking or only outlined in C. coulonellus . The male genitalia (Fig. 29) are similar to those of C. coulonellus (Fig. 30), C. orientellus (Fig. 31) and C. spodiellus (Fig. 32), however: versus C. coulonellus pars basalis is rounded, fan-shaped, vinculum is longer and spoon-shaped, shorter row of cornuti (Fig. 29a) with about 15 longer cornuti; versus C. orientellus uncus and gnathos are longer, pars basalis is rounded, arched lamella of pars basalis is less developed, main row of cornuti longer and with on average smaller cornuti; versus C. spodiellus pars basalis is rounded, short row of cornuti longer with longer cornuti. The female genitalia (Fig. 45): versus C. coulonellus (Fig. 46) ostium bursae more irregular, sterigma forming a complete sclerotized ring around ostium bursae, thicker above it; ductus bursae proximally curved inward and stouter; versus C. orientellus (Fig. 47) ostium bursae more irregular, sterigma forming a complete sclerotized ring around ostium bursae, thicker above it; ductus bursae proximally curved inward; versus C. spodiellus (Fig. 48) ostium bursae more regular, ductus bursae almost completely sclerotized.</p><p>Distribution: Found in the Alps with additional reports from Slovakia and Romania (Carpathians) (Slamka 2008).</p><p>Remarks. Tinea combinella was described from an unspecified number of specimens, most likely collected in Lower Austria. The collection of Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, formerly deposited in the “Hof-Naturalien-Kabinett” in Vienna, was destroyed by fire during the Vienna revolution of 1848 (Hoffmann 1952).</p><p>Tinea petrificella was described from an unspecified number of specimens and a female figured (Hübner 1796). Besides the detailed figure (Fig. 1), which clearly depicts a longitudinal white stripe without medial interruption, Hübner (op. cit.) also describes a threefold end of this stripe. Furthermore, the central part of the wings is described as darker. All these three characters are typical for the species currently named C. combinella . The type locality is not given in any detail but is suspected to be “probably from Hungary ”, where the species doesn´t occur (as C. coulonellus). However, it should be considered that Hungary at the time of Hübner was much larger than at present, including parts of the Carpathians, where the species is currently known. To preserve the stability of nomenclature (ICZN 1999), we therefore designate a neotype because after Hübner’s death his collection was dispersed and only few macrolepidoptera have been found in SNSB. Błeszyński that worked in Germany until his death, after extensive researches in German and British Museums considered (1965) all Crambinae of Hübner’s collection definitely lost.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF9AF944D6CE927FFF61FA52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF9BF948D6CE924CFBA8FE66.text	038D87EBFF9BF948D6CE924CFBA8FE66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria orientellus (Herrich-Schaffer 1850)	<div><p>Catoptria orientellus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850)</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 31, 31a, 47)</p><p>Crambus orientellus Herrich-Schäffer, [1850]: pl 25 Fig. 175. Type locality: Romania ( Siebenbürgen = Transylvania). Type material: lost. Neotype male, here designated, Transylv. Alp., Negoi [Romania, Transylvanian Alps, Mount Negoiu], 14.vii, Sammlung [Collection] Disqué, GS 6975 GB, SNSB</p><p>Material examined: Romania: 1 female, same labels as neotype, GS 6985 GB, SNSB; 1 male, Siebenbürg, Cibingebirg, Tatar, 1900 m, 9.vii.[1]922, N Hahn legit, GS 5971GB, MSNM ; 1 female, Mt Paring [Parâng], Cârja, 2100 m, 3.viii.1952, Dr. A. Popescu-Gorj legit, GS 6030 GB, MSNM ; 1 male, Aksec 817, RCGB ; 1 male, Ujhelyi legit, 10.vii.23, GS 2073 GB, SNMK; 1 female, Retyezát, Zenoga tó [Lake Zănoaga] 18.vii.1914, Ujhelyi legit, GS 2127 GB, RCGB .</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus of C. orientellus is most similar to that of C. trichostomus (Figs 9, 10) in having a forewing with a medial stripe interrupted by the antemedial band. However, in the male (Fig. 5), the large postmedial white band is absent, and in the female (Fig. 6), it is arched, off-white and ill-defined, with a more evident brown inner edge, as opposed to the well-defined, white, zigzag-shaped postmedial band between the M1 and M2 veins in C. trichostomus . In the male genitalia (Figs 31, 31a), the short row of 7–8 cornuti longer than those of all related species is diagnostic. In the female genitalia (Fig. 47), the ostium bursae is on average larger than in C. combinella (Fig. 45) and C. coulonellus (Fig. 46), and the ductus bursae is basally simple before twisting, strongly sclerotized, longer, and larger than in those two species.</p><p>Distribution: Romania.</p><p>Remarks: The original description of Catoptria orientellus consists of a male, drawn without further notes, as usual in those times. After Herrich-Schäffer’s death, his private collection was split apart by lots and sold. Only a few macrolepidoptera have been found in MfN and in Stuttgart Museum für Naturkunde. Błeszyński (1965), who worked in Germany until his death, after extensive research in German and British Museums, considered all Crambinae of Herrich-Schäffer’s collection definitely lost. To preserve the stability of nomenclature (ICZN 1999), we therefore designate a specimen from the Transylvanian Alps as the neotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF9BF948D6CE924CFBA8FE66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF97F948D6CE90FBFD9DF80D.text	038D87EBFF97F948D6CE90FBFD9DF80D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria hannemanni Alberti 1967	<div><p>Catoptria hannemanni Alberti, 1967</p><p>(Figs 7, 8, 42, 50)</p><p>Catoptria hannemanni Alberti, 1967 . Type locality: Russia, Caucasus Mts, Teberda-Dombai, Kluchorskij pereval (Kluchorpass), 2816 m. Type material: MfN.</p><p>Material examined: Russia: 2 males, 2 females, NW Kaukasus, Dombai, 23.vii.1971, Mussa-Atachitara, 3000 m, B. Müller legit, GS 1060, 4335 and 5177 GB, SNSB and RCGB ; 1 male, Caucasus Sept. occ., Dombai, 2200 m, Bu-Ulgen-Tal, 26.vii.1973, B. Müller legit, GS 6948 GB, SNSB .</p><p>Diagnosis: The adult (Figs 7, 8) is distinguished from other congeners by having a forewing with an irregular but well defined longitudinal off-white stripe and a large, arched subterminal band. In the male genitalia (Fig. 42), the phallus, with four apical teeth and more than sixty stout cornuti, is a unique feature among congeners. In the female genitalia (Fig. 50), the ostium bursae is laterally enlarged and the ductus bursae is strongly folded medially, characters which are distinctive from related species.</p><p>Description of female genitalia: (Fig. 50) Papillae anales subtriangular, with sclerotized section narrowing dorsally. Apophyses posteriores subtriangular. Apophyses anteriores subtriangular, broad, poorly produced. Abdominal segment VIII sclerotized, with sternite modified in a large subrectangular, wrinkled sclerite above ostium bursae. Ostium bursae rounded, with a lateral spoon-like sclerite. Ductus bursae 1.3 as long as corpus bursae, strongly sclerotized basally, wrinkled and sclerotized medially, longitudinally wrinkled distally. Corpus bursae suboval, bursae with two rows of scobinations, but without a real signum.</p><p>Distribution: Russian Caucasus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF97F948D6CE90FBFD9DF80D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF97F948D6CE9603FAC9FBFE.text	038D87EBFF97F948D6CE9603FAC9FBFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria spodiellus (Rebel 1916)	<div><p>Catoptria spodiellus (Rebel, 1916)</p><p>(Figs 28, 32, 48)</p><p>Crambus spodiellus Rebel, 1919 . Type locality: Russia, East Tannu-Ola Mountains. Holotype male: Ost Tannuola, Schawyr, 2500 m, Bang-Haas 1914, GS 3702 SB, Crambus spodiellus Type Rbl, NHMW, examined.</p><p>Other material examined: Russia: 1 male, 2 females, Amur Region, Tonkinsky Stavik ridge, 1520 m, the source of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.56584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.74778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.56584/lat 50.74778)">Tuskan River</a>, N 50°44’52”, E130°33’57”, E.I. Malikova, GS PC019, PC031 and PC060, ZISP ; 1 male, Chita Oblast, 40 km S of the Novaya Chara village, Udokan ridge, Naminga village, 1370 m, July 16, 1991, P. Ustyuzhanin, GS PC018, ZISP ; 2 males, same labels but 10- 16.06.2002, A. N. Streltzov, GS PC032, ZISP .</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus of C. spodiellus (Fig. 28) is uniformly grey-brown to brown in the forewing, with only the postmedial band being traceable, a feature that never occurs in related species. In the male genitalia (Fig. 32), the upcurved pars basalis and thin cornuti in the main row are distinctive features. In the female genitalia (Fig. 48), the large, rounded ostium bursae with a folded sterigma and the basally twisted and then narrow ductus bursae are unlike those of any other congener.</p><p>Distribution: Russia: South Siberia eastwards to the Amur and Jewish Autonomous regions (Sinev 2008).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF97F948D6CE9603FAC9FBFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF95F94DD6CE929FFAAEFD16.text	038D87EBFF95F94DD6CE929FFAAEFD16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria trichostomus (Christoph 1858)	<div><p>Catoptria trichostomus (Christoph, 1858)</p><p>(Figs 9, 10, 41, 49)</p><p>Crambus trichostomus Christoph, 1858 . Type locality: [Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador] Labrador. Type material: ZISP. Catoptria tristis Kirpichnikova, 1994: 128 . Type locality: Russia, Koryak Autonomous Okrug, Apuka e Magadan Region,</p><p>Tenkinsky District. Type material: ZISP. Sinev 2008, Catalogue Lepidoptera Russia: 174, 334 (syn. n. of C. trichostoma).</p><p>Material examined: Canada: 1 male, Head of Clyde Inlet, Baffin Id, N.W. T ., 29.vii.1950, Wynne Edwards leg, GS 3034 GB, NHMUK; 1 female, Baffin I., Cumberland Peninsula, Penny Highland area, 24.vii.1953, A. Watson leg, GS 3035 GB, NHMUK ; Russia: 1 male, Sarepta, ex Coll. C. Reutti, GS 1366 GB, SMNK ; 1 female, Polar – Ural, 9.vii.1977, leg. K.F. Sedych, GS 4348 GB, RCGB .</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus of C. trichostomus (Figs 9, 10) is somewhat similar to that of C. hannemanni (Figs 7, 8) and to that of the female of C. orientellus (Fig. 6); however, the forewing has a short medial stripe interrupted by a large antemedial blackish-brown band, and a large postmedial white band angled at veins M1 and then at M2. The male genitalia (Fig. 41) feature with a stocky, upturned pars basalis, the phallus with two subapical small teeth and the vesica with about twelve cornuti, are unlike those of all related species. The female genitalia (Fig. 49) are similar to those of C. hannemanni (Fig. 50) and C. spodiellus (Fig. 48); however, the sterigma is produced and bilobed, and the ductus bursae is slightly sclerotized and strongly enlarged basally, as opposed to the sterigma being simple, with lateral cup-shaped projections, and the ductus bursae being less enlarged basally, strongly sclerotized and wrinkled in C. hannemanni and the sterigma being notched and rounded with a ductus bursae slightly sclerotized and narrow in C. spodiellus .</p><p>Distribution: Holarctic species: Canada, polar Russia, USA: Alaska. The examined male labelled “Sarepta” (Volgograd Oblast) is possibly mislabelled. Detailed distribution in Russia in Streltzov (2010, Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF95F94DD6CE929FFAAEFD16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF92F94DD6CE9693FB47F816.text	038D87EBFF92F94DD6CE9693FB47F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria lythargyrella (Hubner 1796)	<div><p>Catoptria lythargyrella (Hübner, 1796)</p><p>(Figs 11, 12, 33, 53)</p><p>Tinea lythargyrella Hübner, 1796 –1836 (imprint “1796”). Type locality: Germany, Augsburg. Type material: lost. Neotype male, here designated, [Germany] Bavaria, Schwaben, Donau-Ries, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.4874&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.8504" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.4874/lat 48.8504)">Nördinger Ries</a>, 48.8504, 10.4874, 475 m, 02.ix.2016, R. Heindel legit, GS M2276 SNSB, barcode ZSM Lep 99975, SNSB.</p><p>Material examined: Germany: 1 female, same labels as neotype, SNSB . Italy: 21 males, 14 females, Piemonte, Val Susa, Giaglione (TO), 700 m, 12.viii.2019, 14.viii.1993, 29.viii.2019, 31.viii.2013, 2.ix.2019, 4.ix.2019, 6.ix.2013, 13.ix.1992, 16.ix.2018, 19.ix.2019, 21.ix.2019, G. Bassi legit, GS 1231, 1578, 1738, 6857, 7138 GB, RCGB ; 3 males, Piemonte, Val Susa, Salbertrand, Moncellier, 1300 m, 19.viii.2010, G. Bassi legit, RCGB ; 3 males, 2 females, Piemonte, Val Susa, Oulx, San Marco, 1300 m, 27.viii.2009, G. Bassi legit, RCGB ; 6 males, Piemonte, Val Sangone, Coazze (TO), strada Colle della Roussa, 1460 m, 26.viii.2022, G. Bassi legit, RCGB ; 1 male, Trentino Alto Adige, Lasa (BZ), 1415 m, 30.viii.2019, G. Longo Turri legit, RCLT ; 1 male, Trentino Alto Adige, Collalbo (BZ), 11.ix.1959, F. Hartig legit, RCGB ; 3 males, Abruzzo, Maielletta sopra, Pretoro (CH), m. 2000, 2.8.55, U. Parenti legit, RCGB ; 2 males, Morino Calabro (CS), Mt Pollino, 13.viii.2015, 2000m, GS 5912 and 5937 GB, Scalercio legit, CREA and RCGB . France: 5 males, 3 females, Colle di Tenda, French side, 1850 m, 10.vii.1985, G. Bassi legit, GS 1578 GB, RCGB . Russia: 1 male, Caucasus south west, Taberda, 1300 m, 3.ix.1974, B. Müller, GS 553 GB, RCGB ; 1 male, N. Kaukasus, Kislovodsk Umgeb., 4-15.ix.1975, GS 4962 GB, SNSB .</p><p>Diagnosis: Adults (Figs 11, 12) are slightly larger with a wingspan of 29–36 mm in males and 23–27 mm in females, than the closely related species C. domaviellus (Fig. 14) and C. nikai sp. nov. (Fig. 15), and the forewing is flushed with olive yellow and not sprinkled with dark brown. The unique known specimen of C. richteri sp. nov. (Fig. 13) is as large as C. lythargyrella, but paler in ground colour, and its forewing is sprinkled with dark brown mediodorsally. The male genitalia (Fig. 33) have a pars basalis larger and stouter than in allied species; however, its concavity is less evident, and medially, the arm is larger, with a width/length ratio of 0.5. The phallus is narrow and similar to that of C. domaviellus (Fig. 34), but the cornuti are about 14 and thinner than in C. domaviellus . The female genitalia (Fig. 53) are similar to those of C. domaviellus (Fig. 54); however, the sterigma is more produced, the ductus bursae is longer before the bulge, and it is generally more sclerotized than in C. domaviellus .</p><p>Distribution: Palearctic, from Spain to South Siberia, including Caucasus and Iran.</p><p>Habitat: Found in dry and sunny open slopes at elevations up to 1850 m in the Western Alps (Col de Tende, France), and 2000 m in other parts of the Alps (Zermatt, Switzerland) and Southern Apennines (Calabria, Mt. Pollino), and up to 1600 m in the Balkans.</p><p>Remarks: As explained above, Hübner’s Crambinae are lost, and as the stability of a name is only ensured when a primary type exists, we designate a specimen from Augsburg surroundings as the neotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF92F94DD6CE9693FB47F816	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF93F94CD6CE94D3FD1DFAD6.text	038D87EBFF93F94CD6CE94D3FD1DFAD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria domaviellus (Rebel 1904)	<div><p>Catoptria domaviellus (Rebel, 1904)</p><p>(Figs 14, 34, 54)</p><p>Crambus domaviellus (Rebel, 1904) . Type locality: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prenj Mts. Type material: lectotype male, designated by Błeszyński (1960: 169–170), Herceg., Rebel, Prenj pl[anina], 17.vii.[18]98, GS 9021b Wien (1638 SB). NHMV, examined .</p><p>Material examined: Bosnia and Herzegovina: 1 female paralectotype, Bjelašnica, Herceg., vii. Rebel, GS 9021a Wien (1637 SB) .</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus of C. domaviellus (Fig. 14) features head, patagia, and tegulae off-white; the forewing is whitish-brown with off-white costa and deep medial brown suffusion, seven small terminal dots, off-white veins, and fringes white and pale brown. In the hindwing, the coloration is off-white suffused with brown from apex to mid-wing, with fringes white. In contrast, the forewing of C. nikai sp. nov. (Fig. 15) has pale yellow ground colour, brown costal line basally, light medial brown suffusion, six terminal dots slightly larger, less clearly marked veins, fringes pale yellow sprinkled with off-white, and hindwing almost hyaline basally, then pale yellow-brown, with fringes with short scales yellow and long scales yellowish-white. Similarly, the forewing of C. richteri sp. nov. (Fig. 13) has pale yellow ground colour, brown costal line along the mid-costa, light medial brown suffusion, larger terminal dots, less clearly marked veins, pale yellow fringes, and yellowish-brown hindwing with pale yellow fringes. Both C. nikai sp. nov. and C. richteri sp. nov. have head, patagia, and tegulae yellow. The female has normally developed wings, in contrast to the reduced wings of C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 20) and to the strongly reduced wings of C. kasyi Błeszyński (Fig. 18). The male genitalia (Fig. 34) differ from related species in the pars basalis apically folded, with the lower edge slightly produced; the phallus is slender and longer than the valva, and the vesica contains about 13 stout cornuti, as opposed to the pars basalis of C. richteri sp. nov. (Fig. 36), which is large and longer, blunt, apically wrinkled, with lower edge slightly produced, and has a vesica with about 20 slender cornuti, and compared to the pars basalis of C. nikai sp. nov. (Fig. 35), which is longer, with a strongly produced lower edge, a phallus shorter than the valva, and a vesica with about 28 short stout cornuti. In the female genitalia (Fig. 54), the sterigma with lamella postvaginalis slightly concave posteriorly distinguishes C. domaviellus from C. kasyi (Fig. 55), in which the sterigma is strongly produced and bilobed posteriorly, and from C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 56), in which the sterigma is produced and asymmetrical posteriorly.</p><p>Distribution: Balkan Peninsula from Bosnia Herzegovina to Bulgaria (Błeszyński 1965). From our data it is restricted to Bosnia and Herzegovina.</p><p>Remarks: The figure of domaviellus in Rebel (1904: Pl. 5, Fig. 20) represents a not-traced yellow syntype [paralectotype] (maybe that of Bielašica), possibly of C. richteri sp. nov. or C. sarplanina sp. nov., different from the lectotype designated by Błeszyński (Fig. 14).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF93F94CD6CE94D3FD1DFAD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF93F94FD6CE91D3FE6FFEF6.text	038D87EBFF93F94FD6CE91D3FE6FFEF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria nikai Bassi & Huemer 2025	<div><p>Catoptria nikai sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 15, 16, 35)</p><p>Holotype male: Albania, Nikai [Nikaia, Klos, 41°33'N 20'10'E], 1800m, ende Juli 1944, ex Coll. H. G. Amsel, Catoptria kasyi Bł. det. Błeszyński, GS 2047 GB, deposited in SMNK.</p><p>= C. kasyi: Błeszyński (1965: Pl. 19, Fig. 233; misidentification)</p><p>Etymology: The new species derives its name from that of the type locality and is treated as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis: See diagnosis under C. domaviellus .</p><p>Description: Male: (Figs 15, 16) Wingspan 30 mm. Labial palpi 3.5 X longer than widest diameter of eye, with inner and upper side pale yellow and outer side grey brown sprinkled with yellow. Maxillary palpi pale yellow. Antennae thickened, brown with bright yellow costa. Frons subconical, pointed, off-white. Ocelli not traceable. Chaetosemata poorly developed. Head pale yellow. Patagia and tegulae pale yellow sprinkled with white. Thorax yellow. Wings with pattern and colours as illustrated (Fig. 15). Underside of forewing bright pale brown with edge yellow. Underside of hindwing pale yellow with costa suffused brown.</p><p>Male genitalia: (Fig. 35) Uncus and gnathos of the same length, uncus strongly pointed and downcurved apically, gnathos blunt and moderately upcurved apically. Tegumen subtriangular, with arms basally rounded. Vinculum stout, half as long as valva, distally upcurved. Pseudosaccus narrow. Juxta small, v-shaped. Valva subrectangular, widened medially, narrowing distally; pars basalis larger in width than valva, with folded sub-basal lamella, distally directed downwards and tapering. Phallus slightly shorter than valva, with phallobase slightly downcurved and vesica with about 28 short and stout cornuti.</p><p>Female unknown.</p><p>Distribution: Albania.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF93F94FD6CE91D3FE6FFEF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF90F94FD6CE95F3FE5CFAB4.text	038D87EBFF90F94FD6CE95F3FE5CFAB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria richteri Bassi & Huemer 2025	<div><p>Catoptria richteri sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 13, 36)</p><p>Holotype male: Montenegro, Durmitor, Sedlo Dobri Do, 1.vii.2012, Ignác Richter legit, GS 7411 GB, RCIR, to be deposited in TLMF.</p><p>Etymology: The new species is named in honour of the collector of the holotype and other valuable Lepidoptera material from the Balkans. A noun in the genitive case.</p><p>Diagnosis: See diagnosis under C. domaviellus .</p><p>Description: Male: Wingspan 35 mm. Labial palpi 3.5 X longer than widest diameter of eye, with inner and upper side off-white and outer side brown sprinkled with yellow. Maxillary palpi basally brown sprinkled with yellow, distally pale yellow.Antennae thickened, blackish brown with bright yellow costa. Frons subconical, pointed, off-white. Ocelli and chaetosemata poorly developed. Head, patagia and tegulae pale yellow suffused with white. Thorax off-white with yellow edge. Wings with pattern and colours as illustrated (Fig. 13). Underside of forewing bright bronze brown with light white suffusion and edge yellow. Underside of hindwing pale bronze brown suffused with yellow. Legs yellow with paler inner side, outer spur half as long as inner spur.</p><p>Male genitalia: (Fig. 36) Uncus and gnathos of the same length, the uncus pointed and down curved apically, the gnathos apically subtriangular. Tegumen subtriangular, with arms slender and basally rounded. Vinculum stout, 0.45 as long as valva, distally upcurved. Pseudosaccus subcylindrical, well developed. Juxta small, v-shaped. Valva subrectangular, narrowing distally, with rounded cucullus; pars basalis basally as large as valva, then larger, with folded sub-basal lamella with lower edge produced, with blunt apex with bottom edge slightly directed downwards and tapering. Phallus longer than valva, with phallobase slightly downcurved and vesica with about 20 thin and slender cornuti.</p><p>Female unknown.</p><p>Distribution: Montenegro.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF90F94FD6CE95F3FE5CFAB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF90F94ED6CE913CFDD4FD5E.text	038D87EBFF90F94ED6CE913CFDD4FD5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria kasyi Bleszynski 1960	<div><p>Catoptria kasyi Błeszyński, 1960</p><p>(Figs 17, 18, 37, 55)</p><p>Catoptria kasyi Błeszyński, 1960 . Type locality: [North] Macedonia, Peristeri M [ou]nt[ain]s. Lectotype: Golemo ezero, 2200 m, 25.vii-5.viii.1959, F. Kasy, GS 9016 Wien (1171 BL), NHMW, examined.</p><p>Material examined: North Macedonia: 1 male paratype, 22.VII-5.VIII.1959, Peristeri Mons, Golemo Ezero, 2200 m, Maced. Occ., F. Kasy, GS 5123 GB, SNSB ; 3 males, 1 female, N. P. Perister, Golemo Ezero, 31.vii.2015, I. Richter legit, GS 6952 and 6982 GB, RCIR and RCGB .</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus (Fig. 17) of the male is hardly distinguishable from closely related species; however, C. kasyi has white head and tegula and is paler in ground colour than C. korab sp. nov. (Fig. 22) and C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Figs 19, 20), with forewing veins well marked with off-white, larger terminal dots, and an off-white hindwing, in contrast to C. korab sp. nov., which has an off-white hindwing suffused with yellow-brown, and C. sarplanina sp. nov., which has a brown hindwing suffused with yellow. The female (Fig. 18) is unmistakable due to its strongly reduced wings, to the extent that it is probably incapable of flight. The male genitalia (Fig. 37) differ from those of C. korab sp. nov. (Fig. 38), C. plat sp. nov. (Fig. 40), and C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 39) in that the pars basalis is apically stouter and has an almost straight edge basally, with a moderately rounded apex; medially, the arm is larger than in similar species except for C. plat sp. nov. with a width/length ratio of 0.3, and finally, its concavity is less evident than in C. korab sp. nov. and C. sarplanina sp. nov. but more evident than in C. plat sp. nov. The female genitalia (Fig. 55) differ from those of C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 56) in that the sterigma is strongly bilobed posteriorly and the ostium bursae is smaller. The female genitalia of C. domaviellus (Fig. 54) have the sterigma poorly bilobed and the ductus bursae is less sclerotized than in C. kasyi .</p><p>Description of female genitalia: Papillae anales subtriangular, with sclerotized section narrowing dorsally. Apophyses posteriores subtriangular. Apophyses anteriores poorly produced. Abdominal segment VIII ring-shaped, with sternite less sclerotized. Ostium bursae rounded, with lamella postvaginalis strongly bilobed. Ductus bursae 1.3 as long as corpus bursae, sclerotized and wrinkled up 2/3 its length, then delicately wrinkled and scobinate. Corpus bursae suboval, scobinate, with a spherical signum.</p><p>Distribution: North Macedonia (see Remarks).</p><p>Remarks: The female genitalia figured by Błeszyński (1965: Pl. 117, Fig. 233) belong to an unknown species. We could trace this specimen in NHMW, but it is in poor condition and therefore is hardly attributable to the species discussed here. Its labels are from Pashtrik mountain in Albania, which is quite close to the locus typicus of C. nikai and especially to that of C. sarplanina, but its habitus is very different in the forewing decidedly less slender than in C. nikai and in the lighter colour than in C. sarplanina . It is probably referable to another new species, not described here due to the lack of additional material.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF90F94ED6CE913CFDD4FD5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF91F94ED6CE975BFC40F806.text	038D87EBFF91F94ED6CE975BFC40F806.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria korab Bassi & Huemer 2025	<div><p>Catoptria korab sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 22, 38)</p><p>Holotype male: Alban[ien] Exped[ition] 1918, Korab, 23-31.vii, GS 6945 GB, deposited in SNSB.</p><p>Paratypes: 1 male, Alban. Exped. 1918, Korab, 23-31.vii, GS 1651 SB, Catoptria kasyi Paratypoid, det. Błeszyński 1960, NHM Wien GS MV 9019 b, NHMW; 2 males, Mavrovo N.P., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.581945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.77833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.581945/lat 41.77833)">Korab</a>, Korabska jezero, Kobilino pole, 2080 m, 28.vii.2011, Huemer &amp; Tarmann legunt, TLMF; 41°46’42 N, 20°34’55 E , 2 males, Nord Macedonia, Korab, Kobilino pole, 1750 m, 26-27.vii.2019, I. Richter legit, GS 7418 GB, RCGB and RCIR .</p><p>Etymology: The new species derives its name from that of the type locality and is considered as noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis: The habitus of C. korab sp. nov. (Fig. 22) is paler than that of C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Figs 19, 20), but darker than that of C. kasyi (Fig. 17), see diagnosis under C. kasyi . The male genitalia (Fig. 38) differ from those of C. kasyi (Fig. 37), C. plat sp. nov. (Fig. 40) and C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 39) in the pars basalis basally with a straight edge rounded apically; medially, the arm is the narrowest among similar species, with a width/length ratio of 0.17; its concavity is more evident than in C. kasyi sp. nov. and C. plat sp. nov., but less evident than in C. sarplanina sp. nov. and apically it is slender and few bulged.</p><p>Description: Male: Wingspan 30–32 mm. Labial palpi 4.5 X longer than widest diameter of eye, with inner and upper side yellow and outer side brown sprinkled with yellow. Maxillary palpi brown sprinkled with yellow with apex yellow. Antennae thickened, dark brown with orange yellow costa. Frons subconical, yellow suffused with off-white. Ocelli and chaetosemata poorly developed. Head yellow suffused with off-white. Patagia and tegulae yellow sprinkled with off-white. Thorax white with yellow brown edge. Wings with pattern and colours as illustrated (Fig. 22). Underside of forewing bright bronze brown distally suffused with white and with narrow yellow edge. Underside of hindwing off-white slightly suffused with brown. Legs yellow with paler inner side, outer spur half as long as inner spur Fore and midleg bronze brown with outer side intense yellow; hind leg yellow with outer spur two thirds as long as inner spur.</p><p>Male genitalia: (Fig. 38) Uncus slightly shorter than gnathos, pointed and down curved apically. Gnathos apically subtriangular. Tegumen subtriangular, with arms slender and basally rounded. Vinculum stout, 0.85 as long as valva. Pseudosaccus subtriangular. Juxta membranous. Valva subrectangular, narrowing distally, with rounded cucullus; pars basalis basally 0.5 as long as valva, medially slender and concave, and enlarging apically in a rounded tip. Phallus as long as valva, subcylindrical, with vesica with about 30 short cornuti.</p><p>Female unknown.</p><p>Distribution: Korab mountain between Albania and North Macedonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF91F94ED6CE975BFC40F806	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF8CF953D6CE94D3FD5FFAFD.text	038D87EBFF8CF953D6CE94D3FD5FFAFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria plat Bassi & Huemer 2025	<div><p>Catoptria plat sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 21, 40)</p><p>Holotype male: North Macedonia, Prov. Tetovo, Popova Shapka NW, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.84889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.028057" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.84889/lat 42.028057)">Plat mountain</a> N, 2000 m, E 20°50’56’’ / N 42°01’41’’, 28.vii.2022, G.M. &amp; B.E. Tarmann &amp; B. &amp; A. Plössl legunt, GS 7722 GB, BC TLMF _ Lep _37827, TLMF.</p><p>Paratypes: 5 males, same labels as the holotype, GS 7433, 7436, 7552, 7562, 7577 GB, BC TLMF _Lep_37828, TLMF and RCGB (1); 2 males, Popova Sapka, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.855&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.005" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.855/lat 42.005)">Felskar</a>: W. Tetovo 42.005, 20.855 [42°00’18’’ N, 20°51’18’’ E], 2130 m, 6.8.2012, leg. Wieser, LMK .</p><p>Etymology: The new species derives its name from that of the type locality and is treated as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis: The adult (Fig. 21) is easily distinguishable from allied species in the intense yellow brown colour of the forewing and in the dark hindwing of the same colour, except for C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Figs 19, 20), in which the only difference, visible only in fresh material, lies in the veins being more intensely marked off-white in the forewing. The male genitalia (Fig. 40) differ from those of C. kasyi sp. nov. (Fig. 37), C. korab sp. nov. (Fig. 38) and C. sarplanina sp. nov. (Fig. 39) in that the pars basalis is apically smaller than in allied species and basally has a straight edge that is bulged apically; medially, the arm is the largest among similar species, with a width/length ratio of 0.3 to 0.4, and finally, its concavity is the least evident among all closely related species.</p><p>Description: Male: Wingspan 28 mm, wing length 13 - 14 mm. Labial palpi 3.5 X longer than widest diameter of eye, grey brown sprinkled with off-white and yellow with inner and upper side paler. Maxillary palpi brown sprinkled with off-white with apex paler. Antennae thickened, dark brown with yellow costa. Frons subconical, brown suffused with off-white. Ocelli and chaetosemata poorly developed. Head brown sprinkled with yellow and with long scales yellow. Patagia and tegulae grey brown sprinkled with yellow. Thorax grey brown sprinkled with pale brown, medially off-white and with bottom edge yellow. Wings with pattern and colours as illustrated (Fig. 21). Underside of both wings brown with terminal line off-white and light suffusion yellow on fore wing. Legs grey brown with paler inner side, outer spur half as long as inner spur Fore and midleg brown with outer side darker; hind leg yellow brown with outer spur two thirds as long as inner spur. Abdomen tergites concolorous with hind wing, with first segment and anal tuft paler; sternites yellow grey.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 40): Uncus shorter than gnathos, pointed and down curved apically. Gnathos apically subtriangular. Tegumen subtriangular, with arms basally rounded.Vinculum stout, 0.7 as long as valva. Pseudosaccus subpyramidal. Juxta V-shaped. Valva subrectangular, narrowing distally, with rounded cucullus; pars basalis basally 0.45 as long as valva, medially large and concave, and apically rounded. Phallus shorter than valva, subcylindrical, vesica with about 30 short cornuti.</p><p>Female unknown.</p><p>Distribution: Plat Mountain in North Macedonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF8CF953D6CE94D3FD5FFAFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF8CF952D6CE9184FC75FBA6.text	038D87EBFF8CF952D6CE9184FC75FBA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria sarplanina Bassi & Huemer 2025	<div><p>Catoptria sarplanina sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 19, 20, 39, 56)</p><p>Holotype male: Macedon [ien, North Macedonia], Ljuboten, Schar-plan [ina, Šar Mountains], 1800 m., 29.vii.[19]56, leg[it] Jos. Thurner, GS 4447 GB, deposited in SNSB.</p><p>Paratypes: 1 female, same labels as the holotype, GS 6976 GB, SNSB; 1 male, North Macedonia, Prov. Tetovo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.128334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.193333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.128334/lat 42.193333)">Ljuboten</a> S., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.128334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.193333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.128334/lat 42.193333)">Staro Selo</a> N, 1964 m,, E 21°07’42’’ / N 42°11’36’’, 30.vii.2022, G.M. &amp; B.E. Tarmann &amp; B. &amp; A. Plössl legunt, GS 7428 GB, BC TLMF _ Lep _37788, TLMF ; 1 male, Yugoslawien, [Kosovo, Prizren, Kevalla Pass], Prevalxa Pass, Kacania-Prizren, 1540 m, 27.vii.[19]71, P. S. Wagner legit, GS 2060 GB, SMNK .</p><p>Etymology: The new species derives its name from that of the type locality and is treated as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Diagnosis: The adult (Fig. 19) male is easily distinguishable from allied species in the intense yellow brown colour of the forewing and in the dark hindwing of the same colour, except for the sister species C. plat (Fig. 21), from which the only difference, visible only in fresh material, lies in the veins being more intensely marked off-white in the forewing of C. sarplanina sp. nov. The female (Fig. 20) has reduced wings, but not as much as in C. kasyi (Fig. 18), and is probably capable of short flights. The male genitalia (Fig. 39) differ from those of C. kasyi (Fig. 37), C. korab sp. nov. (Fig. 38) and C. plat sp. nov. (Fig. 40) in the pars basalis with base with arched edge apically rounded; medially, the arm is the narrowest with a width/length ratio of 0.16; its concavity is the most evident among the closely related species and finally the apical bulge is less evident than in C. kasyi but more evident than in C. korab sp. nov. and C. plat sp. nov. The female genitalia (Fig. 56) differ from those of C. kasyi (Fig. 55) in the asymmetrical sterigma and the larger ostium bursae.</p><p>Description: Male (Fig. 19): Wingspan of the holotype 28 mm, paratypes 26 and 27 mm. Labial palpi 3.5 X longer than widest diameter of eye, brown sprinkled with off-white with inner and upper side paler. Maxillary palpi brown sprinkled with off-white with apex paler. Antennae thickened, dark brown with yellow costa. Frons subconical, grey brown suffused with off-white. Ocelli and chaetosemata poorly developed. Head grey brown, white around antenna basis. Patagia and tegulae grey brown sprinkled with off-white. Thorax brown sprinkled with pale brown, medially off-white. Wings with pattern and colours as illustrated (Fig. 19). Underside of both wings brown with terminal line off-white. Legs yellow with paler inner side, outer spur half as long as inner spur.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 39): Uncus shorter than gnathos, pointed and down curved apically. Gnathos apically subtriangular. Tegumen subtriangular, with arms basally rounded. Vinculum as long as valva, stout. Pseudosaccus subpyramidal. Juxta V-shaped. Valva subrectangular, narrowing distally, with rounded cucullus; pars basalis basally 0.4 as long as valva, medially narrow and concave, and apically hammer-shaped. Phallus shorter than valva, subcylindrical, with vesica with about 30 short cornuti</p><p>Female (Fig. 20): Wingspan 25 mm. Antenna filiform, ground colour generally paler than in the male, especially in hindwings. Wings are reduced, narrower and more pointed than the male.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 56): Papillae anales subtriangular, with sclerotized section narrowing dorsally and ending rounded.Apophyses posteriores subtriangular, with rather pointed apex.Apophyses anteriores subtriangular. Abdominal segment VIII ring-shaped, with sternite moderately sclerotized. Ostium bursae broadly suboval, with lamella postvaginalis poorly and asymmetrically bilobed. Ductus bursae as long as corpus bursae, sclerotized and wrinkled. Corpus bursae suboval, scobinate up half its length, with a suboval signum.</p><p>Distribution: Šar Mountains between Kosovo and North Macedonia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF8CF952D6CE9184FC75FBA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
038D87EBFF8DF956D6CE90C3FEBAFC7E.text	038D87EBFF8DF956D6CE90C3FEBAFC7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Catoptria biformellus (Rebel 1893)	<div><p>Catoptria biformellus (Rebel, 1893)</p><p>(Figs 23–27, 43, 43a, 44, 51, 52)</p><p>Four subspecies:</p><p>Catoptria biformellus (Rebel, 1893) (Figs 23, 24). Type locality: Transkaukasia: Somlya [probably Georgia, Guria region], [see remarks], NHMW. Lectotype examined.</p><p>Catoptria biformellus klimeschi (Ganev, 1983) . Type locality: Bulgaria, Pirin Mts .</p><p>Catoptria biformellus majorellus (Drenowski, 1925) (Figs 26, 27). Type locality: Bulgaria: Stara Planina Mts .</p><p>Catoptria biformellus roesleri Ganev, 1983 (Fig. 25). Holotype: Bulgaria, Rila Skakanica, m. 1870, 16.vii.1980, Ganev [legit], GS 4998 GB, SNSB, examined.</p><p>Other material examined: C. biformellus biformellus: 1 male, 1 female paralectotypes, Transkauk., Somlya 873, Haberhauer, GS 2161 Fazekas and 2892 Bł, NHMW ; C. biformellus roesleri: 2 males, Rila Mts, Chalet Granchar, 2150-2200 m, 6-7.vii.2013, Karsholt &amp; Zlatkov leg, GS 6044GB, ZMUC ; 1 male, C. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.433332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.433332/lat 42.1)">Rila Mts</a>, 42°06’N, 23°26’ E, 1950-2150 m, 1.viii.2013, Karsholt leg, ZMUC ; 1 male, Rila Geb., 4-9.vii.1974, Dr. G. Richter legit, SNSB ; 1 male, Rila Geb., 2000 m., 31.vii.1932, GS 7101 GB, RCGB ; 1 male, Rila Planina, 2100 m, Coll. Osthelder, SNSB ; C. biformellus majorellus / klimeschi: 1 male, 1 female, Pirin Gb, 1700 m, 15-25 July 1933, Thurner leg., GS 6988 and 7098 GB, SNSB ; 1 male, Bulgaria, Piringebirge, Liljanovo, 500- 600 m ., 3.vii.1982, J. Gelbrecht legit, SNSB; 2 males, Bulgaria, Piringebirge, Umg. Begovica, 18-1900 m, 30.vi and 3.vii.1982, GS 4985 GB, J. Gelbrecht legit, SNSB and RCGB ; 2 males, Bulgaria-Macedonia, Pirin, Bašlinski cirkus, 1700 m., 21.vii.1976, Černý legit, SNSB and RCGB ; 2 males, Bulgaria, Pirin, Vihren, 2000 m, 18.vii.1976, Sterba legit, GS 730, 926 and 927 GB, MRSNTO and RCGB ; 1 male, Piringebirge, Umg. Begovitsa hut, 1800-1900 m, 30.vi.1982, leg. J. Gelbrecht, SNSB ;</p><p>Diagnosis: Habitus of Catoptria biformellus is characterized by females with strongly reduced wings, even more reduced than in C. kasyi . The males of C. b. majorellus are similar in wingspan to C. ciliciellus and C. profluxellus (about 30 mm) but its patterns are more ill-defined; the nominal subspecies and C. b. klimeschi are smaller (24–27 mm) and C. b. biformellus is greyish in forewing ground colour as opposed to brownish forewing ground colour in others subspecies and in the similar species. In the male genitalia the vinculum is longer, the pars basalis is narrower and rounded apically and the vesica has a longer row of thin cornuti than in C. lythargyrella and allied. The female genitalia are different from those of C. lythargyrella and allied in the not produced sterigma.</p><p>Distribution: Transcaucasia, Bulgaria, Albania (Błeszyński 1965). Probably material from Albania, not traced by us, belongs to another species.</p><p>Remarks: As already highlighted by Slamka (2008), the problem concerning this species and its subspecies has been, and remains, difficult to solve, mainly due to the lack of fresh material from the type locality (Transcaucasia) and the general lack of females. Judging from the material at our disposal, C. biformellus majorellus (Figs 26, 27) is not distinguishable from C. b. klimeschi (Slamka 2008, Pl. 16, Figs 120 H, I, J) either in habitus or genitalia, but is different in its genitalia, especially the female (Fig. 52), from subspecies C. b. roesleri (Fig. 25) and from the nominal subspecies (Figs 23, 24, 51). Catoptria b. roesleri is most similar to the nominal subspecies, with a darker habitus and small differences in genitalia, i.e. the vinculum and phallus being longer. However, a final decision will be made after the examination, including molecular analysis, of new, fresh material. Ganev (1983) considered C. majorellus distinct from C. biformellus and described klimeschi as a subspecies of C. majorellus . Fazekas (1987: 215, Fig. 1) considered C. biformellus a single species with three European subspecies. He also considered the lectotype of C. biformellus to be a specimen different from that established by Błeszyński (1965: Pl. 66, Fig. 234). Slamka (2008: 181, Figs 120 and 120a) correctly represented the genitalia GS 2511 Bł. of the lectotype established by Błeszyński, but we must note that in fact, in NHMW the lectotype of Błeszyński is not labelled “Somlya” but (Fig. 23) Gurun (?), IV.1873 Haberhauer, Transkauk. It is possible that the original labels seen by Błeszyński were mixed later.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87EBFF8DF956D6CE90C3FEBAFC7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bassi, Graziano;Huemer, Peter	Bassi, Graziano, Huemer, Peter (2025): Taxonomic and nomenclatorial notes on the Catoptria coulonellus (Duponchel) species group with description of five new species from Western Balkans (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Zootaxa 5719 (3): 301-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.3.1
