identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F7BB3EFFBED86CFF1401476881FF3B.text	03F7BB3EFFBED86CFF1401476881FF3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dna extraction PCR	<div><p>DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing</p><p>Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh fruiting bodies using the E.Z.N.A.® Forensic DNA Kit-D3591 (Omega Bio- Tek, Georgia, USA) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were carried out for two genetic markers, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) with primers ITS5/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), and 28S large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU) with primers LR0R/LR5 (Vilgalys &amp; Hester 1990). The PCR thermal cycle programs for LSU and ITS were as follows: initial heat treatment for 5 min at 94 °C, 30 cycles with a denaturation step at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 52 °C for 45 s, and an elongation step of 90 s at 72 °C, and a final elongation period of 7 min at 72 °C. The total volume of PCR mixtures for amplification was 25 μL containing 8.5 μL ddH 2 O, 12.5 μL 2xF8FastLong PCR MasterMix (Beijing Aidlab Biotechnologie), 2 μL of DNA template, and 1 μL of each forward and reverse primer (stock of 10 pM). The PCR products were sent for sequencing to Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Service, China.</p><p>the sequences. The new taxa are in bold. Ex-type strains are indicated with superscript “T”, “NA” sequence is unavailable.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7BB3EFFBED86CFF1401476881FF3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gao, Ying;Tibpromma, Saowaluck;Mckenzie, Eric H. C.;Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D.;Gautam, Ajay Kumar;Lu, Li;Jayawardena, Ruvishika S.;Hyde, Kevin D.;Xu, Jian-Chu;Gui, Heng	Gao, Ying, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Mckenzie, Eric H. C., Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D., Gautam, Ajay Kumar, Lu, Li, Jayawardena, Ruvishika S., Hyde, Kevin D., Xu, Jian-Chu, Gui, Heng (2025): Two new species of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae, Pucciniales) from herbaceous plants in Yunnan Province, China. Phytotaxa 694 (1): 25-45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.694.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.694.1.2
03F7BB3EFFB5D863FF14049F6DEBFC33.text	03F7BB3EFFB5D863FF14049F6DEBFC33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puccinia kunmingensis Y. Gao, H. Gui & K. D. Hyde 2025	<div><p>Puccinia kunmingensis Y. Gao, H. Gui &amp; K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. (Fig. 2)</p><p>Index Fungorum number: IF902825, Facesoffungi numbers: FoF16756</p><p>Etymology: kunmingensis refers to Kunming City, where the holotype was collected.</p><p>Holotype: HMAS 352285</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia: unknown. Uredinia on the subabaxial leaf surface, yellowish, powdery, scattered. Urediniospores 20–35 × 20–30 μm (x̄ = 29 × 24 μm, n = 30), subglobose or ovoid, 1-celled, pale brown; wall 1–2 μm (x̄ = 1.6 μm, n = 35) thick, echinulate. Telia scattered or in groups on abaxial surface, subepidermal in origin, brownish to brown, erupting, globose, compact. Teliospores 45–80 × 10–20 μm (x̄ = 63 × 17 μm, n = 35), borne singly on pedicels, 2-celled, not of slightly constricted at the septum, long-cylindrical to long-ellipsoidal, tapering towards apex, apex mostly narrowly rounded but sometimes conical or obliquely conical, golden brown to chestnut brown or yellow; wall 1–2.5 μm (x̄ = 1.7 μm, n = 40) thick at sides, 5–10 μm (x̄ = 7.3 μm, n = 35) thick at apex, chestnut brown at apex, paler basally, smooth-walled; pedicel up to 200 µm long, 2.5–7 μm (x̄ = 5 μm, n = 30) wide, persistent, colorless.</p><p>Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.74027&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.13861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.74027/lat 25.13861)">Kunming Botanical Garden</a>, (25°8'19''N, 102°44'25''E), on a grass leaf ( Poaceae), 27 May 2021, col. Li Lu, GY 44 A (HMAS 352285, holotype) ; ibid. GY44 B (HKAS 126565, isotype) .</p><p>Notes: Phylogeny of a concatenated LSU and ITS sequence dataset depicts Puccinia kunmingensis as a sister taxon of P. kusanoi with 95% ML and 1.00 PP statistical support (Fig. 1). Puccinia kusanoi is a rust on some species of bamboo (subfamily Bambusoideae, Poaceae) (Hiratsuka et al. 1992). Shen et al. (2017) reported P. kusanoi infecting Yushan cane ( Yushania niitakayamensis) and provided molecular data. Puccinia kunmingensis differs from P. kusanoi in 69/561 bp of ITS (12.3%, 22 gaps) and 22/861 bp of LSU (2.56%, 5 gaps). Morphologically, the urediniospores of P. kusanoi are similar to those of P. kunmingensis . However, the teliospores of P. kusanoi are narrower (av. 65.1 × 21.8 μm vs. 63 × 17 μm) (Shen et al. 2017). Puccinia kunmingensis has a particularly long pedicel, up to 200 µm, a feature that it also shares with P. kusanoi (Table 2). Therefore, based on the polyphasic approach recommended for species boundary delimitation (Jayawardena et al. 2021, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2021), we introduce P. kunmingensis as a novel taxon.</p><p>Puccinia caricis-scaposae Gao, H. Gui &amp; K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Index Fungorum number: IF902826, Facesoffungi numbers: FoF16757</p><p>Etymology: in reference to holotype occurring on Carex scaposa ( Cyperaceae)</p><p>Holotype: HMAS 352286</p><p>Spermogonia and aecia: unknown. Urediniospores 20–30 × 15–25 μm (x̄ = 27 × 20 μm, n = 20), subglobose to globose, colorless to pale yellow; wall 1–1.5 μm (x̄ = 1.2 μm, n = 20) thick, echinulate. Telia scattered or in group on the abaxial leaf surface, immersed or erumpent, yellow or brown, compact, corresponding lesions on the opposite leaf surface, circular with brown edges or diffused. Teliospores 40–50 × 10–20 μm (x̄ = 46.5 × 18 μm, n = 30), borne singly on pedicels, 2-celled, constricted at the septum, oblong to clavate with round to obtuse apex, attenuate toward base, colorless to pale yellow or yellow; wall 0.5–2 μm (x̄ = 1.3 μm, n = 35) thick at sides, 5–10 μm (x̄ = 7.7 μm, n = 35) thick at apex, yellow at apex, paler basally, apex mostly rounded but sometimes conical or obliquely conical, smooth-walled; pedicel up to 90 µm long, 3.3–8 μm (x̄ = 5.4 μm, n = 30) wide, colorless.</p><p>Material examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Kunming Botanical Garden, (25°8'19''N, 102°44'25''E), on leaves of Carex scaposa ( Cyperaceae), 23 January 2022, Ying Gao, GY85 A (HMAS 352286, holotype); ibid. GY85 B (HKAS 126571, isotype).</p><p>Notes: Puccinia caricis-scaposae is introduced as a new species based on its distinct morphology and phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS datasets. Puccinia caricis-scaposae was a sister clade to four strains of P. caricis-smilacis with 83% ML and 0.99 BYPP bootstrap support (Fig. 1). Puccinia caricis-milacis, which was described by Kasuya et al. (2022), produces uredinia and telia on Carex fibrillosa and spermogonia and aecia on Smilax china in Japan. The urediniospores of P. caricis-scaposae are smaller than those of P. caricis-smilacis (20–30 × 15–25 μm vs. 25–38 × 22–31 µm), but its teliospores tend to be larger (40–50 μm length vs. 29–57 μm length) (Kasuya et al. 2022) (Table 2). Many Puccinia species have been described on Carex species, particularly in Japan (Hiratsuka et al. 1992) and China (Tai 1979, Zhuang 1988, Ji et al. 2017a, 2019). It can be very difficult to separate them by morphological features. The LSU pairwise nucleotide comparison of P. caricis-scaposae and P. caricis-smilacis showed 48/860 bp differences (5.58%, 13 gaps). Therefore, based on the polyphasic approach recommended for species boundary delimitation (Jayawardena et al. 2021, Maharachchikumbura et al. 2021), we introduce P. caricis-scaposae as a novel taxon.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7BB3EFFB5D863FF14049F6DEBFC33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gao, Ying;Tibpromma, Saowaluck;Mckenzie, Eric H. C.;Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D.;Gautam, Ajay Kumar;Lu, Li;Jayawardena, Ruvishika S.;Hyde, Kevin D.;Xu, Jian-Chu;Gui, Heng	Gao, Ying, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Mckenzie, Eric H. C., Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D., Gautam, Ajay Kumar, Lu, Li, Jayawardena, Ruvishika S., Hyde, Kevin D., Xu, Jian-Chu, Gui, Heng (2025): Two new species of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae, Pucciniales) from herbaceous plants in Yunnan Province, China. Phytotaxa 694 (1): 25-45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.694.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.694.1.2
