taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ED878DFFFFFFCDCD9BFED4FEAAFD44.taxon	description	Lectotype (designated here): — ITALY. Popoli-Aquila-Roca Casale, 1824, Gussone s. n. (NAP-Gussone Generale!, Fig. 6).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFFFFCDCD9BFED4FEAAFD44.taxon	description	Notes: — In 1825 Gussone published the name Dianthus ciliatus in Index Seminum Horto Regio in Boccadifalco, with the following short description: “ D. Hornemanni Dc. affinis; sed distinguitur petalis nunquam incise, foliis enerviis. In Aprutio ”. Subsequently, Gussone (1826) provided a very detailed description (Gussone 1826: 168) and iconography of D. ciliatus (Gussone 1826: tab. 33). In addition, he provided more precise information on type of habitat and localities where D. ciliatus was found: “ In collibus aridissimis calcareis, et ad radices montium Aprutii meridiem spectantibus; Rajano, Sulmona, al Morrone da Popoli a Pacentro ”. Examining herbarium materials in Gussone’s collection in NAP we were able to trace two herbarium sheets collected in 1824 from Popoli-Aquila and Morrone-Rocacasale in Abruzzo, that are part of the original material. We chose the specimen from NAP-Gussone Generale as a lectotype of the name D. ciliatus (Fig. 6). Habitat and phenology: — In Italy, this species (Fig. 2 A, H) grows on dry rocky places, calcareous rocky grasslands within the sub-Mediterranean zone, while in Croatia within the eu-Mediterranean zone on the same habitats and also on littoral rocky places, inland cliffs and along the roads. The flowering period of this species is from late May to late July and fructifying period is in summer from late June to late July. General distribution: — Italy and Croatia (Fig. 1). Typical Dianthus ciliatus occurs in central Apennine Peninsula in following regions: Abruzzo, Marche, Molise, Toscana and Puglia, and along the northern part of the eastern Adriatic coast in the following Croatian regions: Istria, Kvarner, northern and central Dalmatia.	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFFFFCDCD9BFED4FEAAFD44.taxon	materials_examined	Other original material examined: — ITALY. Morrone sopra Roca Casale, 9 August 1824, Gussone s. n. (NAPGussone Generale!).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFEFFCDCD9BFB3EFA83F7E4.taxon	description	(1885: 189) Lectotype (designated here): — MONTENEGRO. Flora von Dalmatien. In apricis saxoisis prope Cattaro, July 1877, Studniczka s. n. (PR 836441!, Fig. 7)	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFEFFCDCD9BFB3EFA83F7E4.taxon	description	Notes: — In 1885 Čelakovský described this species based on herbarium specimens collected in 1877 by K. Studniczka in Kotor (Cattaro) from Montenegro (Čelakovský 1885). Three relevant herbarium sheets were found at PR that are in relation to the name Dianthus dalmaticus. There is no Čelakovský’s identification in the specimens, but only the annotation “ non est ” crossed out the name Dianthus ciliatus Guss. β cymosus on the sheet PR 836441. This note is in Čelakovský’s handwriting and it is evident that he saw this specimen and cited it in the protologue, so we chose the specimen PR 836441 as lectotype for the name D. dalmaticus (Fig. 7). The second specimen (PR 86229) is a duplicate and here considered as isolectotype, which was however incorporated in PR much later, in the last third of the 20 th century (Otakar Šída, pers. comm.). The third specimen (PR 836442) could have a relation to the specimen or name mentioned by Čelakovský in the protologue, since Čelakovský nearly surely studied this specimen from Ragusa (Dubrovnik in Croatia) as well. Habitat and phenology: — Dianthus ciliatus subsp. dalmaticus (Fig. 2 C, D) occurs in the eu-Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean zone of the eastern Adriatic coast and inland, occupying colder habitats, on screes, walls, rocky places, along roads, in fissures of rocky places and on deciduous forest margins. The flowering period is from mid-July to mid-August, fruiting in late August to September. General distribution: — Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Fig. 1).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFEFFCDCD9BFB3EFA83F7E4.taxon	materials_examined	Other original material examined: — MONTENEGRO. Flora von Dalmatien. In apricis saxosis prope Cattaro, July 1877, Studniczka s. n. (isolectotypes: PR 86229!, K 000725360!, BEOU!; BP HNHM-TRA 00183940!).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFEFFCDCD9BFD52FE10FB61.taxon	description	Lectotype (designated here): — MONTENEGRO. In apricis circa Ragusa et Cattaro, s. d., Visiani s. n. (PAD-HD 05071!). Note: — The illustration that Visiani gave in his Flora Dalmatica (1847: Tab. XXV, fig. 1 b), named Dianthus racemosus, belongs to this variety. Dianthus ciliatus Guss. var. cymosus Visiani (1852: 162) was described from Ragusa and Cattaro “ In apris circa Ragusa et Cattaro ”, whose herbarium specimens we were able to trace in PAD herbarium and here we select the specimen PAD-HD 05071! as lectotype. This name has to be linked to D. ciliatus subsp. dalmaticus because the illustration given by Visiani (1847: Tab. XXV, fig. 1 b) and diagnosis in the protologue “ floribus longe pedunculatis subsolitariis, pedunculis cymosis paniculatisve, petalorum lamina obovate ” correspond to lately described D. dalmaticus by Čelakovský (1885: 189) who also cited this Visiani’s name as a synonym in the protologue. The name Dianthus ciliatus var. cymosus is validly published and today is treated as a synonym of D. ciliatus subsp. dalmaticus.	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFEFFCDCD9BFD52FE10FB61.taxon	materials_examined	Other original material examined: — MONTENEGRO. Cattaro, Ragusa, s. d., Visiani s. n. (isolectotypes: PAD-HD 05072!, PAD-HD 05073!).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFCFFC8CD9BFF76FDCFFF14.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and phenology: — Dianthus ciliatus subsp. medunensis (Fig. 2 E, F, G) grows within sub-Mediterranean zone on calcareous rocky places, rocky grasslands, vertical inland cliffs, along roads and deciduous forest margins, where the specimens are rare in the field. It flowers from the end of June to the end of July, and fruits in August to September. General distribution: — Albania and Montenegro (Fig. 1). It occurs in the central part of Montenegro and central and north-western part of Albania.	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFBFFC8CD9BFEE2FAC5FCAD.taxon	description	Lectotype (designated here): — CROATIA. Dalmatia. Sib. co [Sibenico] in colle S. Giorgio, Visiani s. n., s. d. (PAD-HD 05069!, right specimen). Notes: — Dianthus racemosus was described by Visiani (1829), who cited a specimen from Šibenik in Dalmatia: “ Sib. co [Sibenico] in colle S. Giorgio ”. The protologue includes a morphological description and the indication of the geographical area in which the species occurs: “ In agri Sibenicensis collibus humilioribus asperis alle Torette, S. Giorgio et Jaderae ”. In PAD herbarium we found a Visiani specimen (PAD-HD 05069!) that certainly is original material, and here we select the right individual as lectotype. A confusion with the name D. racemosus happened when Visiani provided an illustration of two plants of D. racemosus in the second volume of his Flora Dalmatica (1847: fig. 1 a and fig. 1 b on table 35). In fact, the plants shown on his table 35 clearly belong to two different taxa. Twentythree years later, Visiani in the third volume of his Flora Dalmatica (1852: 162) made a new combination: “ Dianthus ciliatus var. racemosus ”. This name is superfluous because Visiani cited D. ciliatus b. litoralis as a synonym, referring to Reichenbachs’ Icones Florae Germanicae et Helveticae 6 (Reichenbach 1844: 47, pl. 226, fig. 5047). The name Dianthus racemosus is validly published and today is accepted and treated as a synonym of D. ciliatus subsp. ciliatus.	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
03ED878DFFFBFFC8CD9BFEE2FAC5FCAD.taxon	materials_examined	Other original material examined: — CROATIA. In coll. Dalm. Visiani s. n., s. d. (HAL- 11254!).	en	Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe, Bogdanović, Sandro (2024): Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae). Phytotaxa 661 (3): 213-234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.661.3.1
