taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EF7D01A360FF98FC6CFDDFFAB7F917.taxon	description	Figs 2 A, 5 E – F Locality: PT 06, 09, 10 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 3 specimens TL 88 – 155 Μm; FL 8 – 9 Μm; AL 23 – 24 Μm; PhL 34 – 43 Μm; MD 6 – 11 Μm; DR 27 – 28; TSl 6 – 12 Μm; TSw 3 Μm; TSp 28 – 48 Μm; DC 7; DSL 18 – 27 Μm. Remarks: Short, stompy, tempin-shaped habitus. Head clearly five-lobed with a trapezoid cephalion, small dorsolateral epipleura, and ventrolateral hypopleura. Small transversal hypostomium posteriorly adjacent to the mouth. Mouth subterminal, cylindrical wide pharynx with large pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of dorsolateral pairs of ciliary tufts inserted between the cephalion and epipleura, a lateral tuft inserted between epipleura and hypopleura, with no particularly longer cilia. Head and neck with the same width and trunk widens posteriorly. Posterior end bears a short V-shaped furca with thin adhesive tubes, distally subtly swollen. No sensory bristles were seen. The dorsal surface is covered by hemielliptical scales posteriorly concave with a long single-barbed spine and anterior double-edge. Dorsal scales increase in size from the anterior to the middle body region and subsequently decrease toward the rear. Ventrolateral scales with similar shape increase in size along the body. Interciliary area delimited by two ciliary bands converging anteriorly, covered by rounded and unilobed scales with increasing length along the body. Four rounded scales at the ventral furca, and a pair of single-lobed oval scales medial to the furca. Present specimens fit the original description within the range of morphological variance and morphometric measurements from subsequent reports found in the literature. Distribution: Paraguay (Daday 1905), French Guiana (d’Hondt et al. 2006), Brazil: JundiaÍ (SP) (Guidetti et al. 2021), PaulÍnia (São Paulo: SP), Santo André (SP), Diamantina (Minas Gerais: MG) (Salgado et al. 2022), Casa Nova (BA), and Delmiro Gouveia (AL) (present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A367FF9FFF43FAA4FCE2FC51.taxon	description	Locality: PT 09, 10 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 6 specimens. TL 107 – 120 Μm; FL 20 – 22 Μm; AL 17 – 18 Μm; PhL 30 – 32 Μm; MD 6 – 10 Μm; DR 23; TSl 4 – 5 Μm; TSw 7 – 8 Μm; TSp 11 – 16 Μm; DC 5; DSL 19 – 23 Μm. Remarks: Small, compact fusiform habitus. Head three-lobed with very small conical shaped cephalion, and large lateral epipleura and hypopleura, hypostomium unseen. Mouth subterminal, cylindrical pharynx with narrow pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of one sub-oral tuft of tactile cilia and locomotory ciliar tufts are discreet. Head followed by subtle neck constriction with almost the same width, and trunk slightly wider. Posterior end bears a very short V-shaped furca with long thick adhesive tubes, no sensory bristles were seen. The dorsal surface is covered by 5 intercalated columns with several simple spined scales with various shapes and sizes. A set of five long anteriormost keeled scales on the head, with conspicuous spiny process posteriorly adjacent to the cephalion. Followed by several simple spined scales smaller on head and neck than the trunk. Two pairs of dorsolateral scales with longer scales strongly curved posteriorly on the mid-neck. Two pairs of lateral scales with very long and stronger spines on the posterior end of the trunk. Interciliary cuticles were unobservable. The specimens share the general morphology with Chaetonotus acanthocephalus with the presence of the set of anteriormost keeled cephalic dorsal scales, and sparse strong simple-spined scales with various shapes and sizes along the longitudinal axis. However, they differ in the presence of smooth scales on the dorsal head and neck region, and presence of spined scales on ventral pharyngeal region, and longer and thinner spines on the ventrolateral row. Distribution: Brazil: Delmiro Gouveia (AL; present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A367FF9FFF38FF2CFEA4FACA.taxon	description	Fig. 2 B Locality: PT 06, 07, 09 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 9 specimens. TL 88 – 181 Μm; FL 8 – 26 Μm; AL 14 – 29 Μm; PhL 22 – 55 Μm; MD 6 – 16 Μm; DR 24 – 38; TSl 5 – 12 Μm; TSw 3 – 9 Μm; TSp 6 – 48 Μm; DC 7; DSL 14 – 27 Μm; VTSl 11 – 20 Μm; VTSw 3 – 9 Μm. Remarks: Long, slender, fusiform habitus. Head clearly five-lobed with a large round cephalion, large dorsolateral oval epipleura with edges free and highly raised, and small ventrolateral sub-triangular hypopleura. Trapezoid hypostomium posteriorly adjacent to the mouth, with a pair of rodlike cuticular reinforcements. Mouth subterminal, straight and cylindrical pharynx, and narrow pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of dorsolateral pairs of ciliary tufts inserted between cephalion and epipleura, lateral tuft inserted between epipleura and hypopleura, with no particularly longer cilia. Head delimited from trunk by subtle neck constriction. Posterior end bears a short furca with thin adhesive tubes curved inward. No sensory bristles were seen. The dorsal surface is covered by 7 columns of 24 intercalated sub-pentagonal scales with a long single-barbed spine. Dorsal head and neck scales are smaller and progressively enlarging toward the trunk. Interciliary area delimited by two ciliary bands adjoining each other posteriorly to the hypostomium, covered by 6 alternated columns of longer spined scales, and the furcal branch is armed with two pairs of slender scales with extremely thin and long simple spines. Present specimens fit the original description within the range of morphological variance and morphometric measurements. Distribution: Argentina (Grosso and Drahg 1986), Brazil: Casa Nova, Abaré (BA), and Delmiro Gouveia (AL; present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A367FF9EFC81FC37FE5CFCBC.taxon	description	Figs 2 E, 4 A – C Locality: PT 06, 09 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 19 specimens TL 103 – 194 Μm; FL 5 – 16 Μm; AL 12 – 32 Μm; PhL 34 – 66 Μm; MD 7 – 15 Μm; DR 20 – 26; TSl 2 – 6 Μm; TSw 2 – 5 Μm; TSp 2 – 16 Μm; DC 10 – 13 Μm; DSL 9 – 24 Μm; VC 4 – 5; VTSl 11 – 18 Μm; VTSw 5 – 10 Μm; VR 25 – 29; VSL 5 – 18 Μm. Remarks: Slender, fusiform habitus. Head clearly five-lobed, with strong arrow-head shaped cephalion with thin wrinkled posterior edge, large dorsolateral elliptical epipleura and lateral hypopleura, small transversal rod-shaped hypostomium posteriorly adjacent to the mouth. Mouth terminal, cylindrical pharynx with small pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of dorsolateral pairs of ciliary tufts inserted between cephalion and epipleura and ventrolateral one between epipleura and hypopleura, with one longer cilium. Head followed by subtle neck constriction and trunk widens posteriorly. Posterior end bears a short V-shaped furcal base with strong adhesive tubes narrower distally. Anterior sensory bristles on the neck are inserted on specialized smooth scales and posterior on the furca base inserted on specialized double-keeled scales. The dorsal surface is covered by 14 columns of pentalobed scales posteriorly concave with a long single-barbed spine. On the head scales are smaller and anteriorly circular progressively enlarging toward the neck and trunk and elliptical in shape. Ventral interciliary area covered by 5 columns of elliptical keeled scales. Furca base is completely covered with small triangular scales with diverse morphology, some smooth, some spined with a long base resembling a keel with a spiny process. The specimens share the general morphology with Chaenotus hoanicus, in dorsal head and trunk scale shapes, with smaller rounded scales on the head and larger pentalobed on trunk, each bearing a long single barbed spine. Both species feature a dorsal posteriormost set of smaller scales with short simple spines on the furcal base. However, they differ in the number of dorsal columns, with C. hoanicus featuring a larger number of cephalic dorsal scales. On the dorsal furcal base, the present species feature two pairs of larger, stronger single-barbed spines, one larger one laterally to adhesive tube insertion, and smaller medial one with straight spines. Distribution: Brazil: Casa Nova (BA), and Delmiro Gouveia (AL; present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A366FF9EFF1AFC96FAB5FE88.taxon	description	Fig. 2 C Locality: PT 09, 10 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 4 specimens TL 109 – 133 Μm; FL 10 – 11 Μm; AL 14 – 17 Μm; PhL 28 – 43 Μm; MD 8 – 11 Μm; DR 28 – 33; TSl 7 Μm; TSw 5 Μm; TSp 13 Μm; DC 9; DSL 13 Μm; VTSl 8 Μm; VTSw 3 Μm. Remarks: Small, compact fusiform habitus. Head five-lobed with rectangular cephalion and dorsolateral epipleura, and ventrolateral hypopleura, hypostomium unseen. Mouth subterminal, cylindrical pharynx with narrow pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of dorsolateral pairs of ciliary tufts inserted between cephalion and epipleura, with no particularly longer cilia. Head followed by subtle neck constriction, and trunk slightly wider. Posterior end bears a short U-shaped furca with short thick adhesive tubes. No sensory bristles were seen. The dorsal surface is covered by nine intercalated columns of 28 simple short-spined scales. Scales on the head and neck are smaller than dorsal trunks, as well as each spine. Interciliary area cuticle is naked, with two parallel columns of smaller ventrolateral scales adjacent to ciliary bands. Ventral surface of the furcal branch is medially armed with one pair of keeled scales, while there is a pair of scales with stronger spines dorsolaterally to each adhesive tube. The general morphology of the specimens fits the original description, however the precise shape of the dorsal dorsal scales was hardly determinable. Distribution: France (Grilli et al., 2008), Poland (Kisielewski 1981, 1986), Canada (Schwank 1990), Great Britain (Martin 1990), Russia (Tretjakova 1989), Sweden (Kånneby 2013; Kånneby et al. 2009), Brazil: Iguape (SP) (Kisielewski 1991) and Delmiro Gouveia (AL;) present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A366FF9EFC81FE98FB9CF9E5.taxon	description	Figs 2 D, 4 D Locality: PT 06, 08 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 6 specimens. TL 94 – 158 Μm; FL 5 – 14 Μm; AL 16 – 35 Μm; PhL 27 – 60 Μm; MD 6 – 10 Μm; DR 20 – 32; TSl 7 – 12 Μm; TSw 4 – 12 Μm; TSp 20 – 27 Μm; DC 7 – 12 Μm; DSL 8 – 10 Μm; VC 8; VTSl 7 Μm; VTSw 3 Μm; VR 20 – 29; VSL 10 – 11 Μm. Remarks: Long, slender fusiform habitus. Head five-lobed with large cephalion and dorsolateral epipleura, hypostomium unseen. Mouth subterminal, cylindrical pharynx with subtle posterior bulb and narrow pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of ciliary tufts inserted between cephalion and pleurae. Head followed by distinct and long neck constriction and trunk wider. Posterior end bears a short U-shaped furca with thin and long adhesive tubes. Posterior sensory bristles inserted on specialized dorsal double-keeled scales anteriorly to furcal base. The dorsal body surface is covered by 7 intercalated columns of 20 spined arrow-head-shaped trilobed scales, with a concave posterior edge. Each spine is ornate with a denticle at ¾ of its total length from the base. Scales on head and neck are smaller than dorsal trunk scales. Ventrolateral row of scales along the ciliary band with a long simple spine with blade-like lamellae on the inner edge. The ventral furcal branch is armed with one pair of slen- der keeled scales. The general morphology of the specimens fits the original description, however the precise shape of the ventral cuticular ornamentation was indeterminable. Distribution: Bulgaria (Valkanov 1937), Denmark (Grilli et al. 2010), France (d’Hondt 1971), Germany (Schwank 1990), Great Britain (Martin 1981), Italy (Balsamo 1983), Poland (Kisielewski and Kisielewska 1986), Romania (Rudescu 1967), Russia (Preobrajenskaja 1926), Japan (Saito 1937), Korea (Lee and Chang 2000); Sweden (Kånneby 2011), Brazil: Iguape (SP) (Kisielewski 1991) and Casa Nova, Chorrochó (BA) (present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A366FF9CFCABF9B7FD90FAC3.taxon	description	Figs 3 A – E, 5 A – D Locality: PT 06 - 09, 11 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 37 specimens TL 93 – 190 Μm; FL 5 – 15 Μm; AL 14 – 26 Μm; PhL 27 – 56 Μm; MD 5 – 13 Μm; DR 25 – 50; TSl 5 – 12 Μm; TSw 2 – 5 Μm; DC 15 – 31; VC 5; VTSl 5 – 17 Μm; VTSw 2 – 6 Μm; VR 15. Remarks: Slender, elongated fusiform habitus. Head five-lobed with large trapezoidal cephalion, covering dorsal and partially ventrolateral head, small oval lateral epipleura and elliptical ventrolateral hypopleura, small trapezoidal hypostomium posteriorly adjacent to the mouth. Mouth terminal, wide and short cylindrical pharynx with posterior bulb, and large pharyngo-intestinal junction. Cephalic ciliature consists of dorsolateral tufts inserted between cephalion and epipleura, and ventrolateral tufts inserted in intersection point between cephalion, epipleura and hypopleura, with no particularly longer cilia. Head followed by subtle neck constriction and trunk widens posteriorly. Posterior end bears a short U-shaped furca with a thin long adhesive tube. Anterior dorsal sensory bristle on neck inserted directly on the cuticle and posterior sensory bristles emerge from specialized double-keeled scales. The dorsal surface is covered by narrow keeled scales with a spiny process that exceeds the posterior concave edge of the scale. Dorsal scales are clearly obliquely arranged along the head and neck, and parallel along almost the whole trunk and oblique at the trunk end. One column of ventrolateral scales along the ventral ciliary bands bears a thin lamella. Ventral ciliation consists of two longitudinal bands wider anteriorly, adjoining each other posteriorly to the hypostomium. Interciliary area covered by narrow elliptical keeled scales with spiny process as long as keel insertion base on the scale, except for the naked ventral pharyngeal region. Furcal branch is armed with one pair of wider keeled scales. Present specimens fit the original description within the range of morphological variance and morphometric measurements. Distribution: Brazil: Rio Verde (SP) (Kisielewski 1991), and Casa Nova, Abaré, Chorrochó, Paulo Afonso (BA), Delmiro Gouveia (AL) (present study).	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
03EF7D01A364FF9CFF34FA8DFCF0FCBC.taxon	description	Fig. 2 G – J Locality: PT 09, 10 (Fig. 1). Examined Material: 6 specimens TL 125 – 271 Μm; FL 9 – 17 Μm; AL 25 – 64 Μm; PhL 30 – 61 Μm; MD 8 – 14 Μm; DR 19 – 37; TSl 4 – 14 Μm; TSw 4 – 11 Μm; TSp 11 – 27 Μm; DC 7 – 11; DSL 6 – 17 Μm. Remarks: Long and slender body, with three-lobed head followed by subtle neck constriction. Anterior dorsal head completely covered by very large cephalion and conspicuous dorsolateral epipleura and ventrolateral hypopleura. The dorsal trunk is covered by overlapping dorsal scales with a transversal rod shaped sub-rectangular anterior edge, followed by a distinct constriction, and rounded posterior portion with medial v-shaped indentation (“ scallop shell-shaped ”), bearing a thin long simple spine. Dorsal posterior trunk with scales progressively increasing in length, and three pairs of lateral scales at the posterior trunk, with long, thick, straight, and finely barbed spines, overshooting the furcal branches. The ventral interciliary area is covered by oval scales from hypostomium to posterior end, which is covered by larger scales with longer spines. The specimens feature the characteristic cuticular ornamentation of members of the genus Lepidochaetus, with spines of dorsal posterior trunk scales progressively increasing in length, with special proximity to Lepidochaetus zelinkai (Grüspan, 1908), but the presence of morphological specificities such as the presence of a one-of-a-kind “ scallop shell-shaped ” scale the potential of being an undescribed species, but due to the lack of sufficient material to support a taxonomic act, they are presented as affinities. Distribution: Brazil: Delmiro Gouveia (AL) (present study)	en	Garraffoni, Axell Kou Minowa and André Rinaldo Senna (2025): Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil. Zoologia (e 24025) 42: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v42.e24025, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24025
