taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03D887981862FFCD51B6FF17596AFB3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603980/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603980	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186CFFC051B6FDA25D6DFC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603980/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603980	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186CFFC051B6FDA25D6DFC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603996	FIGURE 7. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), TEM micrographs.A. B Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the base. C. Extracellular matrix between both epithelia. D. Cross-section of a branch of a radioles near the tip. E. Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the tip. F. Aboral section of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A, B 10 µm, C 0.2 µm, D 5 µm, E 2 µm, F 1 µm. (ab aboral, ad adoral, adc adoral cilia, c coelom, cp cytoplasmic projections, cu cuticle, ecm extracellular matrix, fc, frontal cilia of the food groove, gly glycogen, lfc latero-frontal cilia of the food groove, m mitochondria, mv microvilli, myo myoepithel cell, n nucleus, vac vacuole).	FIGURE 7. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), TEM micrographs.A. B Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the base. C. Extracellular matrix between both epithelia. D. Cross-section of a branch of a radioles near the tip. E. Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the tip. F. Aboral section of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A, B 10 µm, C 0.2 µm, D 5 µm, E 2 µm, F 1 µm. (ab aboral, ad adoral, adc adoral cilia, c coelom, cp cytoplasmic projections, cu cuticle, ecm extracellular matrix, fc, frontal cilia of the food groove, gly glycogen, lfc latero-frontal cilia of the food groove, m mitochondria, mv microvilli, myo myoepithel cell, n nucleus, vac vacuole).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603976/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603976	FIGURE 3. Drawings of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883) on the left and M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981 on the right, including chaetae and uncini types found in Manayunkia species.	FIGURE 3. Drawings of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883) on the left and M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981 on the right, including chaetae and uncini types found in Manayunkia species.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603986/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603986	FIGURE 5. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), SEM micrographs. A. Total view of complete specimen, ventral view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, ventral view. D.Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 9. E. Notopodium of chaetiger 5, with pseudo-spatulate chaetae inferiorly. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 8, with short, narrowly hooded chaetae inferiorly. G. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 6 with 5 transitional uncini. I. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. K. Posterior end, lateral view. Scale bars. A 500 µm, B, C, K 100 µm, D–F, H, I 10 µm, G 5 µm.	FIGURE 5. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), SEM micrographs. A. Total view of complete specimen, ventral view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, ventral view. D.Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 9. E. Notopodium of chaetiger 5, with pseudo-spatulate chaetae inferiorly. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 8, with short, narrowly hooded chaetae inferiorly. G. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 6 with 5 transitional uncini. I. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. K. Posterior end, lateral view. Scale bars. A 500 µm, B, C, K 100 µm, D–F, H, I 10 µm, G 5 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603990/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603990	FIGURE 6. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown.A. SEM micrograph of the base of the radiolar crown with the estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. C. Branches of right ventral and median radioles start to fuse with one another (35 µm basal of section B). D. Right ventral and median radioles fused, all other radioles separated (15 µm basal of section C). E. Right ventral, median and dorsal radioles fused, dorsal lips visible (10 µm basal of section D). F. Right dorsal lip fused with ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, and left dorsal lip fused with left dorsal radiole; branches of left ventral radiole fused (30 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. B–F 50 µm (abbr: dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	FIGURE 6. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown.A. SEM micrograph of the base of the radiolar crown with the estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. C. Branches of right ventral and median radioles start to fuse with one another (35 µm basal of section B). D. Right ventral and median radioles fused, all other radioles separated (15 µm basal of section C). E. Right ventral, median and dorsal radioles fused, dorsal lips visible (10 µm basal of section D). F. Right dorsal lip fused with ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, and left dorsal lip fused with left dorsal radiole; branches of left ventral radiole fused (30 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. B–F 50 µm (abbr: dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604114/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604114	FIGURE 26. Live images of the radiolar crown of two Manayunkia species. A. Radiolar crown of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), with one branch of dorsal radioles, one branch of median radioles and two branches of ventral radioles. B. Radiolar crown of M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, with four branches of dorsal radioles, five branches each of median radioles and ventral radioles. (abbr: vvfa unbranched ventral vascularized filamentous appendages).	FIGURE 26. Live images of the radiolar crown of two Manayunkia species. A. Radiolar crown of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), with one branch of dorsal radioles, one branch of median radioles and two branches of ventral radioles. B. Radiolar crown of M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, with four branches of dorsal radioles, five branches each of median radioles and ventral radioles. (abbr: vvfa unbranched ventral vascularized filamentous appendages).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603996	FIGURE 7. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), TEM micrographs.A. B Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the base. C. Extracellular matrix between both epithelia. D. Cross-section of a branch of a radioles near the tip. E. Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the tip. F. Aboral section of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A, B 10 µm, C 0.2 µm, D 5 µm, E 2 µm, F 1 µm. (ab aboral, ad adoral, adc adoral cilia, c coelom, cp cytoplasmic projections, cu cuticle, ecm extracellular matrix, fc, frontal cilia of the food groove, gly glycogen, lfc latero-frontal cilia of the food groove, m mitochondria, mv microvilli, myo myoepithel cell, n nucleus, vac vacuole).	FIGURE 7. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), TEM micrographs.A. B Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the base. C. Extracellular matrix between both epithelia. D. Cross-section of a branch of a radioles near the tip. E. Cross-section of a branch of a radiole at the tip. F. Aboral section of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A, B 10 µm, C 0.2 µm, D 5 µm, E 2 µm, F 1 µm. (ab aboral, ad adoral, adc adoral cilia, c coelom, cp cytoplasmic projections, cu cuticle, ecm extracellular matrix, fc, frontal cilia of the food groove, gly glycogen, lfc latero-frontal cilia of the food groove, m mitochondria, mv microvilli, myo myoepithel cell, n nucleus, vac vacuole).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603999/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603999	FIGURE 8. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), SEM micrographs. A. Radiolar crown of larva, ventro-lateral view. B. Radiolar crown of a larva, dorso-lateral view. (Note the common base of the three radioles and the division of ventral radioles in to 2 branches each in Fig. A and Fig. B). Scale bars. A, B 200 µm.	FIGURE 8. Manayunkia aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), SEM micrographs. A. Radiolar crown of larva, ventro-lateral view. B. Radiolar crown of a larva, dorso-lateral view. (Note the common base of the three radioles and the division of ventral radioles in to 2 branches each in Fig. A and Fig. B). Scale bars. A, B 200 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186FFFC451B6FC525CCAFEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603980/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603980	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186BFFD951B6FE12589AF918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603976/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603976	FIGURE 3. Drawings of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883) on the left and M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981 on the right, including chaetae and uncini types found in Manayunkia species.	FIGURE 3. Drawings of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883) on the left and M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981 on the right, including chaetae and uncini types found in Manayunkia species.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186BFFD951B6FE12589AF918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604005	FIGURE 9. Manayunkia athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. B. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. C. Transitional uncini of chaetiger 8. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 4, with pseudospatulate and long, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and long, narrowly hooded chaetae. F. Uncini of chaetiger 6; note the different shape of these uncini. G. Parapodium of chaetiger 7. H. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. I. Posterior end, lateral view. Scale bars. A, I 100 µm, B, C, F 5 µm, D, H 10 µm, E, G 20 µm.	FIGURE 9. Manayunkia athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. B. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. C. Transitional uncini of chaetiger 8. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 4, with pseudospatulate and long, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and long, narrowly hooded chaetae. F. Uncini of chaetiger 6; note the different shape of these uncini. G. Parapodium of chaetiger 7. H. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. I. Posterior end, lateral view. Scale bars. A, I 100 µm, B, C, F 5 µm, D, H 10 µm, E, G 20 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186BFFD951B6FE12589AF918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604011/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604011	FIGURE 10. Manayunkia athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with the estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse (125 µm basal of section B). D. Fusion of branches of ventral and median radioles continues, branches of dorsal radioles start to fuse; dorsal lips visible (80 µm basal of section C). E. Ventral and median radioles fused, dorsal radioles still separated (45 µm basal of section D). F. Right radioles fused, and connected to ventral vascularized filamentous appendage by dorsal lip; left dorsal lip connected with ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, left dorsal radiole still separated (20 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. B–F 50 µm (abbr: dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	FIGURE 10. Manayunkia athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with the estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse (125 µm basal of section B). D. Fusion of branches of ventral and median radioles continues, branches of dorsal radioles start to fuse; dorsal lips visible (80 µm basal of section C). E. Ventral and median radioles fused, dorsal radioles still separated (45 µm basal of section D). F. Right radioles fused, and connected to ventral vascularized filamentous appendage by dorsal lip; left dorsal lip connected with ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, left dorsal radiole still separated (20 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. B–F 50 µm (abbr: dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798186BFFD951B6FE12589AF918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604114/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604114	FIGURE 26. Live images of the radiolar crown of two Manayunkia species. A. Radiolar crown of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), with one branch of dorsal radioles, one branch of median radioles and two branches of ventral radioles. B. Radiolar crown of M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, with four branches of dorsal radioles, five branches each of median radioles and ventral radioles. (abbr: vvfa unbranched ventral vascularized filamentous appendages).	FIGURE 26. Live images of the radiolar crown of two Manayunkia species. A. Radiolar crown of M. aestuarina (Bourne, 1883), with one branch of dorsal radioles, one branch of median radioles and two branches of ventral radioles. B. Radiolar crown of M. athalassia Hutchings, Decker & Geddes, 1981, with four branches of dorsal radioles, five branches each of median radioles and ventral radioles. (abbr: vvfa unbranched ventral vascularized filamentous appendages).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981876FFDF51B6F8B259C9FC5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604017/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604017	FIGURE 11. Manayunkia baikalensis (Nusbaum, 1901), light micrographs of Shirlastain A stained specimens. A. Total view of female, ventral view (left) and male, dorsal view (right). B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Anterior end, dorsal view. D. Posterior end of female with bulge-like protrusion on chaetigers 6 and 8, ventral view. E. Anterior end with elongated pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars. A–E 1 mm.	FIGURE 11. Manayunkia baikalensis (Nusbaum, 1901), light micrographs of Shirlastain A stained specimens. A. Total view of female, ventral view (left) and male, dorsal view (right). B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Anterior end, dorsal view. D. Posterior end of female with bulge-like protrusion on chaetigers 6 and 8, ventral view. E. Anterior end with elongated pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars. A–E 1 mm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981870FFDD51B6F97B5CDAFC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604027/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604027	FIGURE 12. Manayunkia brasiliensis Banse, 1956, light micrographs of preserved paratypes. A. Total view of specimen without radiolar crown. B. Anterior end, without radiolar crown. C. Posterior end of female with wing-like protrusions on chaetigers 6–8. Scale bars. A–C 200 µm.	FIGURE 12. Manayunkia brasiliensis Banse, 1956, light micrographs of preserved paratypes. A. Total view of specimen without radiolar crown. B. Anterior end, without radiolar crown. C. Posterior end of female with wing-like protrusions on chaetigers 6–8. Scale bars. A–C 200 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981870FFDD51B6F97B5CDAFC30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603980/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603980	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	FIGURE 4. Fabriciinae subfam. nov.; A–E Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774) from the Baltic Sea. A. Total view of a living individual. B. Radiolar crown of a living specimen. C. SEM micrograph of radiolar crown, dorsal view. D. Anterior end, ventral view (arrow points to ciliated patch of the anterior peristomial ring lobe). E. TEM micrograph of a branch of a radiole. Scale bars. A–B 200 µm, C 100 µm, D 50 µm, E 3 µm µm (abbr: bh branchial hearts, ecm extracellular matrix, pre peristomial eyes, pye pygidial eyes, sp spermatheca).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981872FFD151B6FB9A5AF1FDE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604034/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604034	FIGURE 13. ManayunkiacaspicaAnnenkova,1929, SEM micrographs.A.Total view of completespecimen,ventro-lateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Posterior margin of the brood chamber on chaetiger 7. D. Posterior end, ventro-lateral view. E. Elongate, narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 3. F. Pseudo-spatulate chaetae of chaetiger 3. G. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. H. Isolated egg from a female tube. I. Transitional uncini of posterior thoracic neuropodia. J. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of abdominal chaetiger. K. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. Scale bars. A–D 100 µm, E 10 µm, F, G, I, K 5 µm, H, J 20 µm.	FIGURE 13. ManayunkiacaspicaAnnenkova,1929, SEM micrographs.A.Total view of completespecimen,ventro-lateral view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Posterior margin of the brood chamber on chaetiger 7. D. Posterior end, ventro-lateral view. E. Elongate, narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 3. F. Pseudo-spatulate chaetae of chaetiger 3. G. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. H. Isolated egg from a female tube. I. Transitional uncini of posterior thoracic neuropodia. J. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of abdominal chaetiger. K. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. Scale bars. A–D 100 µm, E 10 µm, F, G, I, K 5 µm, H, J 20 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981872FFD151B6FB9A5AF1FDE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604044/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604044	FIGURE 14. Manayunkia caspica Annenkova, 1929, semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse (110 µm basal of section B). D. Ventral and median radioles fused, dorsal radioles and dorsal lips separated (12 µm basal of section C). E. Radioles completely fused, ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe visible (40 µm basal of section C). F. Base of radiolar crown, branchial heart dorsally. Scale bars. B–F 100 µm (abbr: aprl anterior peristomial ring lobe, bh branchial heart, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, oe oesophagus, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	FIGURE 14. Manayunkia caspica Annenkova, 1929, semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse (110 µm basal of section B). D. Ventral and median radioles fused, dorsal radioles and dorsal lips separated (12 µm basal of section C). E. Radioles completely fused, ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe visible (40 µm basal of section C). F. Base of radiolar crown, branchial heart dorsally. Scale bars. B–F 100 µm (abbr: aprl anterior peristomial ring lobe, bh branchial heart, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, oe oesophagus, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, vr ventral radiole).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981872FFD151B6FB9A5AF1FDE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604104/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604104	FIGURE 24. 18S rDNA (18S). Molecular phylogenetic analysis after Maximum Likelihood (ML) method based on the General Time Reversible model (GTR+G+I; 1000 Bootstraps; Nei & Kumar 2000). Labelling next to the species names indicate the GenBank Accession Numbers. The analysis involved 107 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 1131 positions (including gaps) in the final dataset. The designation of species follows the original GenBank entries. To facilitate the presentation, all sequences of Sabellidae and Serpulidae were collapsed. (The original name of Echinofabricia alata, according to GenBank entry EF116205.1, is Augeneriella alata. After Huang et al. (2011) the valid name is E. alata.)	FIGURE 24. 18S rDNA (18S). Molecular phylogenetic analysis after Maximum Likelihood (ML) method based on the General Time Reversible model (GTR+G+I; 1000 Bootstraps; Nei & Kumar 2000). Labelling next to the species names indicate the GenBank Accession Numbers. The analysis involved 107 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 1131 positions (including gaps) in the final dataset. The designation of species follows the original GenBank entries. To facilitate the presentation, all sequences of Sabellidae and Serpulidae were collapsed. (The original name of Echinofabricia alata, according to GenBank entry EF116205.1, is Augeneriella alata. After Huang et al. (2011) the valid name is E. alata.)	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798187EFFD051B6FDEA5B85F824.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604050/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604050	FIGURE 15. Manayunkia danubialis Băcescu, 1948, SEM micrographs. A. Total view of complete female, dorso-lateral view. B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D Posterior end, lateral view (note: transitional uncini on chaetiger 8). E. Notopodium of chaetiger 1 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. F. Pseudo-spatulate chaetae of chaetiger 3. G. Inferior thoracic notochaetae of chaetiger 7. H. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 5. I. Transitional uncini of chaetiger 8. J. Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 9. K. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 100 µm, C 20 µm D 50 µm, E 10 µm, F, J 10 µm G, I, K 2 µm, H 1 µm.	FIGURE 15. Manayunkia danubialis Băcescu, 1948, SEM micrographs. A. Total view of complete female, dorso-lateral view. B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D Posterior end, lateral view (note: transitional uncini on chaetiger 8). E. Notopodium of chaetiger 1 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. F. Pseudo-spatulate chaetae of chaetiger 3. G. Inferior thoracic notochaetae of chaetiger 7. H. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 5. I. Transitional uncini of chaetiger 8. J. Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 9. K. Abdominal uncini of chaetiger 9. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 100 µm, C 20 µm D 50 µm, E 10 µm, F, J 10 µm G, I, K 2 µm, H 1 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798187EFFD051B6FDEA5B85F824.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604058/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604058	FIGURE 16. Manayunkia danubialis Băcescu, 1948 semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse; left dorsal lip visible (100 µm basal of section B). D. Fusion of branches of ventral and median radioles continues, dorsal radioles still separated; dorsal lips visible (44 µm basal of section C). E. Dorsal laying branchial heart and ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe visible (56 µm basal of section E). F. Basis of the radiolar crown, junction of the blood vessel from the dorsal branchial heart to the ventral vascularized filamentous appendages visible (60 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. A–F 100 µm (abbr: aprl anterior peristomial ring lobe, bh branchial heart, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, np nepropore, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vr ventral radiole, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages,).	FIGURE 16. Manayunkia danubialis Băcescu, 1948 semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown with estimated position of the section level in figures B–F. B. Branches of radioles and ventral vascularized filamentous appendages, all separated. C. Branches of ventral and median radioles start to fuse; left dorsal lip visible (100 µm basal of section B). D. Fusion of branches of ventral and median radioles continues, dorsal radioles still separated; dorsal lips visible (44 µm basal of section C). E. Dorsal laying branchial heart and ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe visible (56 µm basal of section E). F. Basis of the radiolar crown, junction of the blood vessel from the dorsal branchial heart to the ventral vascularized filamentous appendages visible (60 µm basal of section E). Scale bars. A–F 100 µm (abbr: aprl anterior peristomial ring lobe, bh branchial heart, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, mr median radiole, np nepropore, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vr ventral radiole, vvfa ventral vascularized filamentous appendages,).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798187AFFEB51B6FF175D36F8AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604065/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604065	FIGURE 17. Manayunkia godlewskii (Nusbaum, 1901), SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view. B. Posterior end, lateral view. C. Notopodium of chaetiger 2. D. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. E. Parapodium of chaetiger 3. F. Parapodium of chaetiger 6, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. G, H. Frontal view of abdominal uncini. Scale bars. A, B 200 µm, C, E, F 100 µm, D 10 µm, G, H 5 µm.	FIGURE 17. Manayunkia godlewskii (Nusbaum, 1901), SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view. B. Posterior end, lateral view. C. Notopodium of chaetiger 2. D. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. E. Parapodium of chaetiger 3. F. Parapodium of chaetiger 6, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. G, H. Frontal view of abdominal uncini. Scale bars. A, B 200 µm, C, E, F 100 µm, D 10 µm, G, H 5 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D88798187AFFEB51B6FF175D36F8AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604072/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604072	FIGURE 18. Manayunkia godlewskii (Nusbaum, 1901), SEM micrographs.A. Posterior end of female with bulge-like protrusion on chaetigers 6 and 8, ventral view. B. Posterior end of chaetiger 6 in a female with bulge-like protrusion. Scale bars.A 200 µm, B 100 µm.	FIGURE 18. Manayunkia godlewskii (Nusbaum, 1901), SEM micrographs.A. Posterior end of female with bulge-like protrusion on chaetigers 6 and 8, ventral view. B. Posterior end of chaetiger 6 in a female with bulge-like protrusion. Scale bars.A 200 µm, B 100 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981845FFE851B6FF175B05FDE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604074/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604074	FIGURE 19. Manayunkia mizu Rouse, 1996 light micrographs of preserved paratypes. A, B. Complete specimen. C. Anterior end with radiolar crown. D. Posterior end. E. Notopodia of chaetigers 3 to 5. Scale bars. A, B 200 µm, C, D 100 µm, E 50 µm. (abbr: dl dorsal lips, pc pseudo-spatulate chaetae).	FIGURE 19. Manayunkia mizu Rouse, 1996 light micrographs of preserved paratypes. A, B. Complete specimen. C. Anterior end with radiolar crown. D. Posterior end. E. Notopodia of chaetigers 3 to 5. Scale bars. A, B 200 µm, C, D 100 µm, E 50 µm. (abbr: dl dorsal lips, pc pseudo-spatulate chaetae).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981847FFEF51B6FDEA5962FA80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604082/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604082	FIGURE 20. Manayunkia occidentalis (Atkinson, Bartholomew & Rouse, 2020), SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen without radiolar crown, dorsal view. B. Two branches of radiolar crown with short median and long latero-frontal cilia. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 5 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Short, narrowly hooded chaetae of chaetiger 6. H. Posterior end ventro-lateral view. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. J. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 6, frontal view. K. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4 frontal view. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 10 µm, C, H 50 µm, D–F 20 µm, G, I 5 µm, J, K 2 µm.	FIGURE 20. Manayunkia occidentalis (Atkinson, Bartholomew & Rouse, 2020), SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen without radiolar crown, dorsal view. B. Two branches of radiolar crown with short median and long latero-frontal cilia. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 5 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Short, narrowly hooded chaetae of chaetiger 6. H. Posterior end ventro-lateral view. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. J. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 6, frontal view. K. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4 frontal view. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 10 µm, C, H 50 µm, D–F 20 µm, G, I 5 µm, J, K 2 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981840FFEC51B6FA4A5C7CFD08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16603966/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16603966	FIGURE 1. Manayunkia speciosa Leidy, 1859. Original plate of external and internal morphologies and development of larvae (Fig. 1–13) by Leidy (1883).	FIGURE 1. Manayunkia speciosa Leidy, 1859. Original plate of external and internal morphologies and development of larvae (Fig. 1–13) by Leidy (1883).	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981840FFEC51B6FA4A5C7CFD08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604090/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604090	FIGURE 21. Manayunkia speciosa Leidy, 1858, SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen, ventro-lateral view. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, lateral view. D. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. E. Notopodia of chaetigers 1–3. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 3 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. H. Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 11. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 3, lateral view. J. Frontal view of abdominal uncini. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B, C 50 µm, D, F–H 10 µm, E 50 µm, I 2 µm, J 5 µm.	FIGURE 21. Manayunkia speciosa Leidy, 1858, SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen, ventro-lateral view. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, lateral view. D. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. E. Notopodia of chaetigers 1–3. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 3 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. H. Abdominal neurochaetae of chaetiger 11. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 3, lateral view. J. Frontal view of abdominal uncini. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B, C 50 µm, D, F–H 10 µm, E 50 µm, I 2 µm, J 5 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981840FFEC51B6FA4A5C7CFD08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604082/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604082	FIGURE 20. Manayunkia occidentalis (Atkinson, Bartholomew & Rouse, 2020), SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen without radiolar crown, dorsal view. B. Two branches of radiolar crown with short median and long latero-frontal cilia. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 5 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Short, narrowly hooded chaetae of chaetiger 6. H. Posterior end ventro-lateral view. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. J. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 6, frontal view. K. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4 frontal view. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 10 µm, C, H 50 µm, D–F 20 µm, G, I 5 µm, J, K 2 µm.	FIGURE 20. Manayunkia occidentalis (Atkinson, Bartholomew & Rouse, 2020), SEM micrographs. A. Complete specimen without radiolar crown, dorsal view. B. Two branches of radiolar crown with short median and long latero-frontal cilia. C. Anterior end, lateral view. D. Notopodium of chaetiger 5 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. E. Thoracic chaetae of chaetiger 1. F. Notopodium of chaetiger 6 with short, and elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. G. Short, narrowly hooded chaetae of chaetiger 6. H. Posterior end ventro-lateral view. I. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4. J. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 6, frontal view. K. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 4 frontal view. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B 10 µm, C, H 50 µm, D–F 20 µm, G, I 5 µm, J, K 2 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
03D887981843FFE251B6FCC25981FCC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/16604094/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16604094	FIGURE 22. Manayunkia zenkewitschii Sitnikova, Shcherbakov & Kharchenko, 1997, SEM micrographs. A. Posterior end, lateral view. B. Parapodium of chaetiger 2. C. Notopodium of chaetiger 3. D. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. E. Parapodium of chaetiger 6, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. F. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. G. Parapodium of chaetiger 8, with two transitional chaetae and one transitional uncinus in the position of thoracic uncini. Scale bars. A 100 µm, B, C, E–G 20 µm, D 5 µm.	FIGURE 22. Manayunkia zenkewitschii Sitnikova, Shcherbakov & Kharchenko, 1997, SEM micrographs. A. Posterior end, lateral view. B. Parapodium of chaetiger 2. C. Notopodium of chaetiger 3. D. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 2. E. Parapodium of chaetiger 6, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. F. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with transitional chaetae in the position of thoracic uncini. G. Parapodium of chaetiger 8, with two transitional chaetae and one transitional uncinus in the position of thoracic uncini. Scale bars. A 100 µm, B, C, E–G 20 µm, D 5 µm.	2025-07-14	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf		Zenodo	biologists	Bick, Andreas;Bastrop, Ralf			
