identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DCDF28FFACFFF6149EF8C9FB75E87F.text	03DCDF28FFACFFF6149EF8C9FB75E87F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acalolepta permutans subsp. okinawana (Gressitt 1951)	<div><p>Acalolepta permutans okinawana (Gressitt, 1951)</p><p>Dihammus permutans okinawanus Gressitt, 1951a: 216, fig. 2 (Japan, Ryukyu, Okinawa)</p><p>Dihammus teragramus Gilmour, 1951: 67 (Japan, Ryukyu)</p><p>Examined material. None.</p><p>Remarks. – This subspecies differs from the previous one in antennomeres 3-10 slightly thickened distally.The specimens from Okinawa, which I could only examine through photographs on Japanese websites, do not significantly differ from those from</p><p>Taiwan. The size of Okinawa and its distance from Ishigaki (380</p><p>km) and Taiwan (580 km) make almost improbable a natural colonisation of  A. permutans paucipunctata starting from these islands. Moreover, no  A. permutans have been recorded from Tarama or Miyako, located in the direction of Okinawa, respectively only 35 and 95 km east of Ishigaki (Makihara, 1992). This suggests either an old colonisation of Okinawa or an almost recent (anthropic) introduction. Waiting for further analyses, the current taxonomy is left as is.</p><p>Acalolepta permutans semisericea (Pic, 1935) n. status</p><p>(Fig. 3-8)</p><p>Dihamus semisericeus Pic, 1935: 17 (China, Sichuan) (Fig. 4)</p><p>=  Dihammus semisericeus Breuning, 1936: 292, nec Pic, 1935 (China, Sichuan)</p><p>=  Dihammus mutans Breuning, 1938: 32 (India, Assam, Naga Hills) n. syn. (Fig. 5)</p><p>=  Cypriola permutans occidentalis Breuning, 1957: 268 (China, Sichuan) n. syn. (Fig. 6)</p><p>=  Acalolepta pseudospeciosa Breuning, 1965: 45 (Laos, Vientiane, Phou Khao Khouay) n. syn. (Fig. 7)</p><p>=  Acalolepta paraspeciosa Breuning, 1982: 19 (China, Xizang) n. syn. (Fig. 8)</p><p>=  Dihammus permutans Breuning, 1944: 462 (partim)</p><p>=  Dihammus permutans permutans Gressitt, 1951: 402 (partim)</p><p>=  Acalolepta permutans Breuning, 1961: 371 (partim); HUA et al., 2009: 193, 331 (partim); Mitra et al., 2016: 43, table 1 misidentification</p><p>=  Monochamus permutans Mukhopadhyay &amp; Biswas, 2000: 64 misidentification</p><p>=  Acalolepta permutans permutans Hua, 2002: 190 (partim); Barševskis, 2020: 177 misidentification</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>-  Orsidis semisericeus Pic, 1935,</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂, Chine /  Szchecuan [handwritten by Pic] //  Orsidis / semisericeus / (nov.) [handwritten by Pic] //  Holotype [printed on a red label] // Museum Paris / Coll.M.Pic [printed on a white label], in MNHNP .</p><p>-  Dihammus mutans Breuning, 1938,</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂, Assam / Naga  Hills // Coll. RBINS / ex coll. Le Moult [printed on a yellow label] //  Dihammus / mutans / mihi Typ. / det. Breuning [handwritten by Breuning and printed on a white label] //  Holotype [printed on a red label], in RBINS .</p><p>-  Acalolepta pseudospeciosa Breuning, 1965,</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂, Phou Khao Khoay / 16.7.[19]64 / Vientiane / J. A. Rondon [handwritten by Rondon and printed on a white label] / S. Breuning det., 1965 /  Acalolepta pseudospeciosa [handwritten by Breuning and printed on a white label], in BPBM.</p><p>-  Cypriola permutans occidentalis Breuning, 1957,</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂, Su-Tchuen / Chasseurs Indigènes / 1903 //  Cypriola / permutans / occidentalis / mihi Typ. / det. Breuning [handwritten by Breuning and printed on a white label] //  Holotype [printed on a red label], in MNHNP;</p><p>PARATYPE, 1♀, Su-Tchuen / Chasseurs Indigènes / 1903 //  Cypriola / permutans / occidentalis / mihi Typ. / det. Breuning [handwritten by Breuning and printed on a white label] //  Paratype [printed on a red label], in MNHNP .</p><p>-  Acalolepta paraspeciosa Breuning, 1982,</p><p>HOLOTYPE ♂, Thibet //  Acalolepta / paraspeciosa / mihi Typ. / det. Breuning [handwritten by Breuning and printed on a white label] //  Holotype [printed on a red label], in MNHNP;</p><p>1 ♂, [Cina,] Yunnan, in RBINS;</p><p>1 ♀, ditto, Mt. Dayingshan, VI-2017, loc. coll., in CWT;</p><p>1 ♀, Thibet //  Coll. Le Moult, in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♂, Vietnam, Lai Châu, Bản  Po Bai, 25-VI-2011, loc. coll., in CXG ;</p><p>1 ♀, ditto, in CGC;</p><p>1 ♂, Hà Giang, V-2020, loc. coll., in CXG;</p><p>1 ♀, Cao B ằng,  Mt. Pionac VI-2013, in CGC ;</p><p>1 ♂, Kon Tum, Ng ọc  Linh Mt. 1700 m, V-2016, loc. coll., in CWT ;</p><p>1 ♂, 2 ♀, Yên Bái,  Mù Cang Ch ải, 1700 m, V-2017, L. L. Thanh, in CFV ;</p><p>1 ♂, 1 ♀, ditto, in CWT;</p><p>1 ♂, ditto, in CGV;</p><p>1 ♀, Vĩnh Phúc, Tam Đ ảo 15-VI- 2016 in CGC;</p><p>1 ♂, Lâm Đồng, VI-2015, N. Son lgt., in CFV;</p><p>1 ♂, Lâm Đồng, Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, 1600 m, 1/ 6-VI-2016, in CFV;</p><p>1 ♀, VietNam, Hanoi Pr., BaVi N. P., 21°04’04”N, 105°21’30”E, 26-29. VI . 2015, day collecting, I.G. 33.092 Lgt. J Costant &amp; J Bresseel, in RBINS;</p><p>1 ♀, Chapo, prov. de / Lao-Kay, Ht. Tonkin //  Coll. Le Moult / Naturaliste Paris //  Cypriola permutans Pasc. / Breuning det., in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♂, Laokay / (Tonkin) //  Coll.Le Moult / Naturaliste Paris, in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♀, Vin Pukhu / Ht Mekong / 10. V .18, in RBINS;</p><p>1 ♀, Hagiang, Vitalis [de Salvaza lgt.], 1914 in RBINS;</p><p>1 ♀, Hagiang, 1914 [R.  Vitalis de Salvaza lgt.], in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♀, Laos / Xieng Khouang / lgt. 6-IX-1921 / R .   Vitalis de Salvaza // 2388 //  Monochamus permutans / Det. R  .   Vitalis de Salvaza, in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♂, Laos /  Chalan / le 30-XI-1918 / R  .   Vitalis de Salvaza // 2388, in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♀, Indochine, Vitalis / Monochammus  Permutans Pasc. P. Boppe vid., in RBINS ;</p><p>1 ♀, Phongsali,  Out-tai, V-2015, loc. coll., in CWT ;</p><p>1 ♂, Oudomxay,  Nam Kat, 1500 m, 15-VII-2022, X.Gouverneur lgt., in CXG ;</p><p>1 ♀, ditto, 19-VII-2022, X. Gouverneur lgt.; in CXG;</p><p>1 ♀, ditto, 22-VII-2022, X. Gouverneur lgt., in CXG;</p><p>1 ♂, Luang Prabang, Ban song Cha, Phousey Lom Hmong, 1200 m, 15-IV-2019, X. Gouverneur lgt., in CXG;</p><p>1 ♀, Luang Prabang,  Tad Thong, 430 m, 12-VII-2016, X. Gouverneur lgt., in CXG ;</p><p>1 ♂, Houaphan,  Ban Saleui, 1300 m, 01-V-2012, X. Gouverneur lgt., in CXG ;</p><p>1 ♂ &amp; 1 ♀, Thailand, VII-1997, in CGC;</p><p>1 ♀, Phrae, 30 km SE Lampand, near  Wiang Kosui National Park, 457 m, 18°07'N, 99°67'E, 15/ 20-VIII-2012, in CDK  .</p><p>Remarks. – Pic (1935) described  Dihamus [sic!] semisericeus from a small male (14 mm) coming from Sichuan (Fig. 4). The following year, Breuning (1936) redescribed the same specimen with the same name, maybe mislead by the fact that it carried a label “  Orsidis semisericeus (nov.)”, a name never published. According to Breuning (1943), this species differed from  permutans in the impunctate scape and legs.</p><p>Breuning (1938) used again the impunctate scape to differentiate  Dihammus mutans (Fig. 5) from  permutans . This new species, described from Assam, differed in turn from  semisericeus in the punctate frons (Breuning, 1943, 1944). Gressitt (1951b) repeated the same differential characters but meaningfully, he recorded  mutans from West China as well. In reality, the frons is clearly punctate in both species.</p><p>Again from Sichuan, Breuning (1958) described  Cypriola permutans occidentalis . The taxon was described from a male (Fig. 6a); thus, the female (Fig. 6c) is only a topotype, though the label says “ paratype ” (Fig. 6d). This subspecies differed from the typical form in some details of the pronotal and elytral sculpture. Nevertheless, the impunctate scape, the most important feature present in this taxon, was completely ignored. Moreover, the differential characters with  semisericeus and  mutans were simply overlooked.</p><p>Breuning (1965, 1982) described  Acalolepta pseudospeciosa from Laos (Fig. 7) and  A. paraspeciosa from Tibet (Fig. 8), separating them from  A. speciosa (Gahan, 1888) through the typical characters of  permutans (elytral granules and short pronotal teeth). Actually, both species have nothing to do with  speciosa but they show the same characters of the taxa meet until now ( semisericeus,  mutans and  permutans occidentalis). However, the differential characters with these species were once again ignored.</p><p>Definitively, apart from some questionable details of pronotal and elytral sculpture, characters strongly variable in specimens collected even in the same locality, the previous taxa do not show differences among them. Thus, they can be merged into only one taxon –  Acalolepta semisericea – which differs from  permutans only in the impunctate scape and legs. This taxon looks to be is an altitudinal form widespread around Himalaya, while  permutans is in turn widespread on the hills of the southern and eastern China. Both taxa avoid the Sichuan Basin (Fig. 9). These taxa can be considered either as vicariant species or two subspecies.</p><p>Considering that both  A. permutans paucipunctata and  A.permutans okinawana show impunctate scapes (and even impunctate frons) and inhabit geographically separated regions, they are considered subspecies of  permutans . Even more so,  semisericea, which shows more resemblance and closer distribution, should be considered a subspecies of  permutans . Correspondingly, the genitalia do not show remarkable differences.</p><p>Distribution. – According to the literature data and the examined material,  A. permutans semisericea n. status seems to be widespread in the mountains of Eastern India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and southwestern China (Xizang, Sichuan and Yunnan). Possibly, this subspecies could be found in Guangxi together with the nominal subspecies. This distribution looks analogous to that of  Neocerambyx katarinae Holzschuh, 2009, widespread in East India, Laos, Vietnam and Guangxi, and its subspecies  N. katarinae guangxiensis Li, Lu &amp; Chen, 2020, widespread in Guangxi and Guangdong (Vitali, 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DCDF28FFACFFF6149EF8C9FB75E87F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vitali, Francesco	Vitali, Francesco (2022): A studyof theAcalolepta permutansspecies group (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Faunitaxys 10 (59): 1-7, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-10(59), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/micr.70065
