taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DC8793CD3ED37BAAFCB90D13291F1C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described from Tottori prefecture (Takeuchi, 1938), western Honshu, and later recorded from Aomori (Shimoyama, 1986), Ishikawa (Togashi, 1998; Smith and Shinohara, 2011) and Hyogo prefectures (Okutani, 1972), northern to western Honshu, Ehime prefecture (Togashi, 1974), Shikoku, and Nagasaki prefecture (Seiyama, 1989), Kyushu. This is the first record from Tochigi prefecture. The life history and host plant of this species are still unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3ED37BAAF9BFBE142A1D79.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This conspicuous and widespread northeast Asian species (Smith and Shinohara, 2011) is already known to occur in Tochigi prefecture (Nakamura, 2003; Katayama, 2010). The life history of this species is unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3DD378A8A2BF58122D1D79.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Shinohara and Hara (2021) described this species from the holotype from Nagano prefecture and seven paratypes from Hokkaido. The holotype was the only recorded specimen of this species collected in Honshu and the three females from Nikko represent the first record from Tochigi prefecture. The life history and host plant of this species are unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3DD378A8C0BD4013611969.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Togashi (1972) described this species from Fukuoka prefecture, Kyushu, and Shinohara and Hara (2021) recorded it from Fukushima, Tochigi and Nagano prefectures, Honshu, Ehime prefecture, Shikoku, and Oita and Miyazaki prefectures, Kyushu. Shinohara and Kojima (2024) recently reported on the emergence of the adult of this species from a dead branch of Betula ermanii Cham. in Gunma prefecture.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3DD379AAF4BED51150194B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is distributed in Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Shinohara and Smith, 2020). The holotype female is from Fukuoka prefecture, Kyushu, and the only paratype, a male, is from Ishikawa prefecture, Honshu. Shinohara and Smith (2020) erroneously mentioned l This species was described from one female (holotype) from Honshu and one male (paratype) from Kyushu z. The specimen from Nikko is the first female recorded in Honshu and represents the first record of this species in Tochigi prefecture. The life history and host plant are still unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3CD379A8A1B90D13D81BA1.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is known to occur in Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Shinohara and Matsumoto, 2019). From Tochigi prefecture, Nakamura (2003) first recorded Platyxiphydria flavipes and Katayama (2005) first recorded Platyxiphydria tiphiiformis. Shinohara and Matsumoto (2019) showed that these two Platyxiphydria taxa were different sexes of the same species and thus synonymous. Known host plants are Sambucus and Paulownia (Shinohara and Matsumoto, 2019). Unlike other Xiphydriidae from Tochigi prefecture, Platyxiphydria tiphiiformis has been found mainly on low mountains and plains.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3CD379AAF5BA1B14E519FC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is widely distributed in Japan (Hara and Shinohara, 2018; Shinohara et al., 2020) but has not been recorded from Tochigi prefecture. The male, life history and host plant of this species are still unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3CD379AB1CB9DE135B1F3B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is an uncommon species, though it is known to occur in Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (Shinohara and Smith, 2020). The life history and host plant are unknown.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3CD37EAB1DBF9D12EE1A19.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species occurs widely from Europe to Japan, but, in Honshu, it is uncommon with the known habitat limited to the highlands of Tochigi, Gunma, Yamanashi and Nagano prefectures (Shinohara and Kameda, 2019; Shinohara et al., 2024). A closely related and more common species, X. eborata, was previously treated as a synonym of X. camelus (e. g., Takeuchi, 1936; Taeger et al., 2010). It is likely that most of the collection records for l X. camelus z in Tochigi prefecture, such as those in Nakamura (2003) and in the references therein, actually referred to X. eborata. Those previous records should be reconfirmed by examining the specimens recorded. Known host plants of X. camelus are Cerasus, Acer, Alnus, Betula, Ulmus, Quercus, Ostrya and Populus (Shinohara et al., 2024).	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3BD37EA8ECBAA3122F1D8C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is the most common species of Xiphydriidae in Hokkaido and Honshu. Until recently (Shinohara and Kameda, 2019), it was treated as a synonym of X. camelus and was recorded as X. camelus (e. g., Takeuchi, 1936; Naito et al., 2004). The previous collection records for X. camelus from Tochigi prefecture (e. g., Nakamura, 2003) need confirmation as dis- cussed above. The known host plants are Betula, Alnus and Juglans (Shinohara et al., 2024).	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3BD37EAB65BBD013EB1EBF.taxon	description	Specimens examined. Yaita city: 1 ˁ, Happôgahara, 4. VIII. 2015, S. Maehara (NSMT, cited by Hara et al., 2022). Nikko city: 1 ˁ, Yumoto, 20. VIII. 2012, S. Maehara (NSMT, cited by Hara et al., 2022); 3 ˂, Shôbugahama, Chûgûshi, ca. 1270 m alt., emerged 4 – 6. VIII. 2024 from dead branch of Betula platyphylla var. japonica collected 1. VIII. 2024, A. Shinohara (NSMT); 1 ˂ (paratype), Chûgûshi, ca. 1300 m alt., emerged 10. VIII. 2019 from dead branch of Betula platyphylla var. japonica collected 7. VIII. 2019, A. Shinohara (NSMT, cited by Shinohara et al., 2020); 2 ˂, Chûgûshi, ca. 1300 m alt., emerged 2 and 20. VII. 2020 from dead branch of Betula platyphylla var. japonica collected 10. VI. 2020, A. Shinohara (NSMT, cited by Shinohara and Hara, 2020); 2 ˁ, Chûgûshi, ca. 1300 m alt., emerged 13 and 17. VI. 2022 from dead branch of Betula platyphylla var. japonica collected 19. V. 2022, A. Shinohara (NSMT, cited by Hara et al., 2022); 2 ˂ 2 ˁ, Chûgûshi, ca. 1300 m alt., emerged 5 – 14. VIII. 2024 from dead branch of Betula platyphylla var. japonica collected 2. VIII. 2024, A. Shinohara (NSMT); 5 ˁ, Senjugahama, Chûgûshi, 26. VII. 2021, S. Maehara (NSMT); 4 ˁ, Senjugahama, Chûgûshi, 3. VIII. 2024, S. Maehara (NSMT). Remarks. This recently described species has been recorded from Hokkaido and Tochigi and Gunma prefectures, central Honshu (Shinohara et al., 2020; Shinohara and Hara, 2020; Hara et al., 2022). One of the paratypes is from Tochigi prefecture. The known host plants are two birch species, Betula ermanii Cham. and Betula platyphylla var. japonica.	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
03DC8793CD3BD37FAAFBBD1E11D01F3B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is a fairly common species distributed in Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku (Shinohara, 2019). Known host plants are Juglans, Pterocarya, Acer, Aesculus, Kalopanax and Sorbus (Shinohara, 2022).	en	Robles Cabanillas, Celia, Hurtado Navarro, Isabel, García-Sempere, Aníbal, Llopis-Cardona, Fran, Sánchez-Sáez, Francisco, Rodríguez-Bernal, Clara, Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gabriel (2024): Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera) of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 50 (4): 171-177, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.50.4_171, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102444
