Micracanthia ornatula ( Reuter, 1881 )

Kment, Petr & Carapezza, Attilio, 2022, Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of the Socotra Archipelago I: Introduction, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha and Leptopodomorpha, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 62 (2), pp. 475-519 : 502-504

Micracanthia ornatula ( Reuter, 1881)

( Fig. 47 )

Salda ornatula Reuter, 1881: 160–161 (original description). Holotype: ♂, ‘ Nubia superioris’ [= S Egypt or N Sudan] (NHRS).

Micracanthia ornatula : LINDSKOG (1995): 126 (new combination).

Salda dixoni Distant, 1904: 405 (original description, figures). Syntypes: India: Maharashtra, Bor Ghat [= Bhor Ghat] (1 spec.) and Myanmar: Rangoon [= Yangon] (1 spec.) (BMNH). Synonymized by DRAKE & HOBERLANDT (1951: 9).

Salda (Chartoscirta) dixoni var. luteifuscula Breddin, 1912: 86 (original description). Syntype (s): Sri Lanka:Hatton (lost?, see DRAKE & HOTTES 1950: 177). Synonymized by DRAKE & HOBERLANDT (1951: 9).

Acanthia balnearum Bergroth, 1918: 123–124 (original description). Syntypes: ♂ ♀, Philippines: Luzon, Laguna, Los Baños (?lost). Synonymized by DRAKE & HOTTES (1950: 177, with S. dixoni ) and DRAKE & HOBERLANDT (1951: 9, with S. ornatula ).

Saldula minor Hamid & Sultana, 1972: 282–284 , figs 2, 3B, 4D,F,H,J,L (key, original description, figures). Holotype: ♂, Pakistan: Karachi, 5 mi. before Korangi Creek (USNM). Synonymized by LINDSKOG (1995: 126), confirmed by VINOKUROV & KMENT (2015: 371).

Micracanthia minor: VINOKUROV (2012) : 851 (new combination).

Material examined. SOCOTRA: Dixam plateau, wadi Zerig (12°29′36ʺN 53°59′30ʺE), pool at road bridge, Juncus marsh, 655 m a.s.l., 13.–14.vi.2012, 1 ♂, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P.Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC); Halla area, Arher (12°33′00ʺN 54°27′36ʺE), shortly grazed grassland around freshwater spring in sand dune, 5 m a.s.l., 9.–10.vi.2012, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC); Homhil protected area (12°34′30ʺN 54°18′30ʺE), shortly grazed grassland along small brook in drying-up wadi, 360 m a.s.l., 10.–11.vi.2012, 3 ♀♀, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC); Kazazhan area (12°33′46ʺN 54°19′48ʺE), shrubland on limestone, ca. 550 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2012, 1 ♀, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC); Qadub, coastal salt-marsh at road (12°38′18″N 53°57′18″E), shores of pools and shortly grazed grassland around, hand collected + suction sampler, 8 m a.s.l., 14.vi.2012, 31 ♂♂ 18 ♀♀ 8 L, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC, MMBC, NHMW); ca. 3 km NE of Shuab (12°34′06″N 53°23′54″E), Avicennia marina mangrove and sandy coast, 3 m a.s.l., 20.–21.vi.2012, 14 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ 2 L, Socotra expedition 2012: J. Bezděk, J. Hájek, V. Hula, P. Kment, I. Malenovský, J. Niedobová & L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC, MMBC). – BURKINA FASO: Ouagadougou, ix.1936, 7 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, Škulina lgt., P. Kment det. ( NMPC). CAPE VERDE ISLANDS: SANTIAGO: Sao Jorge, 16.–20.ix.1983, 1 ♀; x.1983, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, A. van Harten lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: NORTH KIVU: Rutshuru, 11.v.1936, 1 ♀, L. Lippens lgt., L. Hoberlandt det. 1958 as S. ornatula f. dixoni, P. Kment revid. ( NMPC); P.N.A. [= Parc National Albert], May ya moto, 950 m a.s.l., 16.xi.1934, 1 ♂, G. F. de Witte lgt. (761), R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). ETHIOPIA: Jimma, 13 km towards Agaro, 22.x.1969, 1 ♀, R. G. Cobben lgt. & det. ( RMNH). GUINEA-BISSAU: Cachen, Bula, at pool, 29.viii.1992, 1♀, S. Persson lgt., P.Lindskog det. ( NHRS). IVORY COAST: Adiopodoumé, iv.–v.1964, 1♂ 4♀♀ 2 L, R.H.Cobben lgt. & det. ( RMNH); Bouaké, 20.–23.iii.1969, 1 ♂, R. H. Cobben lgt. & det. ( RMNH). MALI: Kogoni, x.1966, 1 ♀, G. Schmitz lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). NIGER: Maradi, Sahara merid, x.1936, 3 ♂♂, Škulina lgt., C. J. Drake det. as S.? balnearum, P.Kment revid. ( NMPC). REUNION: Cilaos, 17.xi.1990, 2 ♀♀, E. Heiss lgt., P. Lindskog det. ( NHRS). SOUTH AFRICA: C.P., Wilderness, 12.–13.iii.1968, 1 ♀, P. J. Spangler lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH); Transvaal, Pienaars River Dam, 19.xi.1968, 4♂♂ 3♀♀, J. Munting lgt., R.H.Cobben det.( RMNH). SUDAN: RED SEA STATE: Kassala Prov., Khor Arba’at, 40 km N of Port Sudan, 16.iv.1962, 1 ♂, R. Remane lgt., P. Kment det. ( RMNH). RIVER NILE STATE: Hudeiba, 28.ix.1961, 1 ♀, R. Remane lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). TANZANIA: TANGANYIKA: Kalimawe, 24.i.1965, 1 ♂, E. S. Brown lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH); Lake Rukwa, Ag. Hab. 49, 3.xi.1963, 1 ♀, E. S. Brown lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). ZAMBIA: Copperbelt, 40 km NW Kapiri Mposhi, 8.–9.xii.2002, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, A. Kudrna Jr. lgt., P. Kment det. ( NMPC). – CHINA: SICHUAN: Leshan, river-bank, loc. CH-13, 17.vii.1985, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Linskog lgt. & det. ( NHRS). TAIWAN: Formosa, Tainan, 7.v.1912, 1 ♀, H. Sauter lgt., R. H.Cobben det.1961 ( RMNH).– BANGLADESH: Khulna, viii.1969, 2 ♂♂ 2 spec., J. Krystl lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). INDIA: DELHI: Delhi, I.A.R.S., ix.1958, at light, 1 ♀; 24.xii.1958, swept on grass, 1 ♂, R. Menon lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). KARNATAKA: Bangalore, 916 m a.s.l., m. V. light trap, 1.iv.1977, 9 spec., K. D. Shorpada lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). RAJASTHAN: Pilani, light coll., 1965, 35 spec., H.I. Kundo lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). TAMIL NADU: Coimbatore, light trap, xii.1961, 4 ♀♀, Agarwal lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). INDONESIA: SUMATRA: Tg. [= Tanjung] Morawa, lamp, iv.1951, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ 1 spec., R. H. Cobben det. 1959 ( RMNH). MALAYSIA: SABAH: Jesselton, 3.ii.1969, 1 ♂, P. J. L. Roche lgt., R. H. Cobben det. 1981 ( RMNH). PAKISTAN: SINDH: Karachi env., 8.i.1975, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, 22.– 30.9.1975, 2♂♂ 1♀, E.Heiss lgt., P.Lindskog det.( NHRS); Thatta, 17.i.1975, 1 ♀, E. Heiss lgt., P. Lindskog det. ( NHRS). PHILIPPINES: MINDANAO: Zamboanga, 17.viii.1952, 1♂ 1♀, L. D. Brongersma & W. J. Roosdorp lgt., R.H. Cobben det. 1961 ( RMNH). NEGROS: W Bacolod, Lizares, Bago Riv., 550 m a.s.l., 17.iii.1994, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, H. Zettel lgt. (40), P. Lindskog det. ( NHRS). SINGAPORE: Singapore, 11.iii.1969, 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, D. H. Murphy lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). SRI LANKA: Sabaragamuwa Prov., Deerwood,Kuruwita, 6 mls NNW Ratnapura, Loc. 90:1, at light, 17.–22.ii.1962, 1 ♂, Lund University Ceylon Expedition 1962, Brink, Andersson & Cederholm lgt., P. Linskog det. ( NHRS); W. Prov., Yakkala, 18 mls NE Colombo, Loc. 10, at light, 14.–31.i.1962, 1 ♂, Lund University Ceylon Expedition 1962, Brink, Andersson & Cederholm lgt., P. Linskog det. ( NHRS); Ratnapura, below Adam’s peak, on light, 1.v.1980, 1 ♀, I. Sivec lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH); Point Pedro, Jaffna, 8.xi.1980, 1 ♀, M. Gogala lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH). THAILAND: k. Bangkhen, Bangkok, 16.ix.1962, 1♂, Valuli lgt., J. D. Lattin det. 1965 ( RMNH); Bangkhen nabij, Bangkok, lamp, ii.1966, 1 ♀, J. Leeuwangh lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH); W[est], Kanchanaburi (9), at light, 6.xii.1990, 1 ♀, M. Jäch lgt., P. Lindskog det. ( NHRS). VIETNAM: Cochinchina, at MeKong river, i.1914, 3 ♀♀, K. Friedrichs lgt., R. H. Cobben det. ( RMNH).

Identification. COBBEN (1960, as Saldula ornatula ) (key, diagnosis, figure); J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS (1991b) (key); LINNAVUORI et al. (2011) (diagnosis, habitus photo); J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS (2012) (key to genera, diagnosis, figures).

Habitat. Widely distributed, euryecious species found from coastal to medium-elevation zone (3–655 m a.s.l.), collected abundantly on sand wet with seeping sea water in a coastal lagoon, on mud and among shortly grazed grasses in coastal salt-marshes (see Fig. 49 ), but also on shores of pools and in shortly grazed grassland in drying-up wadis (using suction sampler) and even collected from short vegetation on a karstic plateau far from water at Kazazhan. InAfrica and the Cape Verde Islands, the species lives on shores of fresh waters as well as brackish ones ( LINDBERG 1959, COBBEN 1960, LINNAVUORI 1981). In the United Arab Emirates, it was collected on rocks along a mountain water stream ( LINNAVUORI et al. 2011). In Iran, this species was collected in the following habitats: small fields near an oasis watered by a salty brook, and small salty swamps in the oasis (locality Sekand), and gravel-sandy alluvial semi-desert (locality Minab) ( VINOKUROV & KMENT 2015). In the Philippines, GAPUD (1986) considered M. ornatula a highly adaptable species, being collected along the banks of relatively exposed streams and rivers, on rocks dispersed along these banks, or on muddy ground along freshwater marshes largely devoid of vegetation. In Malaysia, it was collected at the edges of small pools in a mangrove swamp ( DOVER 1929). It commonly comes to light ( LINNAVUORI 1974, 1981; YANO et al. 1982; LINNAVUORI et al. 2011; J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1999), one specimen was also taken on the deck of a steamer at some distance off shore in Manila Bay, Philippines ( DRAKE & VIADO 1952).

Distribution (see also SCHUH et al. 1987: 339). Afrotropical Region: Angola ( DRAKE 1960), Benin ( DRAKE 1956, no exact record), Burkina Faso (COBBEN & J. T. POLHEMUS 1966, J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), Cape Verde Islands ( LINDBERG 1959), Central African Republic ( LINNAVUORI 1981), Chad ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950, DRAKE 1963, LINNAVUORI 1981), Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRAKE 1963), Ethiopia ( DRAKE 1956, no exact record; this paper), Ghana ( DRAKE 1956, no exact record), Guinea Bissau (this paper), Ivory Coast (J. T. POLHEMUS 1981, HEISS et al. 2021b), Kenya (J. T. POLHEMUS 1981, J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), Madagascar (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1991b, 2012), Mali (this paper), Mauritius ( MAMET 1957), Namibia ( DRAKE 1956), Niger ( LINNAVUORI 1981), Nigeria ( LINNAVUORI 1981), Reunion (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1991b, 2012), Senegal ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950), Sierra Leone (COBBEN & J. T. POLHEMUS 1966, J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), South Africa ( DRAKE 1956, J. T. POLHEMUS 1981), Sudan ( WAGNER 1963, LINNAVUORI 1974), Tanzania (COBBEN & J. T. POLHEMUS 1966), Uganda ( DRAKE 1960, no exact record), Zambia (this paper), Rhodesia [i.e. Zambia and Zimbabwe] ( DRAKE 1960, no exact record). Palaearctic Region: North Africa: Egypt ( LINDBERG 1922, PRIESNER & ALFIERI 1953, LINNAVUORI 1964). Near East: Oman ( VINOKUROV & KMENT 2015), Saudia Arabia ( LINNAVUORI 1986a, HEISS et al. 2021b), Socotra (this paper), United Arab Emirates ( LINNAVUORI et al. 2011), Yemen ( LINNAVUORI & VAN HARTEN 2002a ); Iran ( LINNAVUORI 2004, GHAHARI et al. 2013, VINOKUROV & KMENT 2015). East Palaearctic: China: Fujian, Hainan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan ( CHEN & LINDSKOG 1994, HUA 2000, VINOKUROV 2015, VINOKUROV et al. 2018; Sichuan – this paper), Japan ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950, J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012, HAYASHI et al. 2016, HAYASHI & MIYAMOTO 2018), Korea (C. E. LEE & KWON 1991, S. LEE et al. 2013), Taiwan ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950, YANO et al. 1982, CHEN & LINDSKOG 1994). Oriental Region: Bangladesh (this paper), East Timor (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), India ( DISTANT 1904, 1910, both as S. dixoni ; VINOKUROV 2012; HEISS et al. 2021b), Indonesia ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950), Laos (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012, no exact record), Malaysia ( DOVER 1929, as S. dixoni ; DRAKE & HOTTES 1950; J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), Myanmar ( DISTANT 1904, as S. dixoni ), Nepal ( VINOKUROV 2012, VINOKUROV & KMENT 2015), Pakistan ( HAMID & SULTANA 1972, as S. minor ; J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012; VINOKUROV 2012, as M. minor ), Philippines ( BERGROTH 1918, as A. balnearum ; DRAKE & HOTTES 1950; DRAKE & VIADO 1952; GAPUD 1986), Singapore (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), Sri Lanka ( BREDDIN 1912, as S. dixoni var. luteifuscula ; DISTANT 1910, as S. dixoni DRAKE & HOTTES 1950 ), Thailand (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1999, without exact record; this paper), Vietnam ( VINOKUROV 2012). Australian Region: Australia (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1999, without exact record), Mariana Islands: Guam ( USINGER 1946, as S. balnearum ), New Caledonia (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 2012), Papua New Guinea (J. T. POLHEMUS & D. A. POLHEMUS 1999, without exact record), Solomon Islands ( DRAKE & HOTTES 1950, DRAKE & VIADO 1952, D. A. POLHEMUS et al. 2008). New species for the Socotra Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Zambia, Bangladesh and China (Sichuan).

Note. Micracanthia ornatula is not listed from Australia by CASSIS & GROSS (1995). The record from Mongolia (HOBERLANDT 1971) seems erroneous (see VINOKUROV 1979).

Figures

Figs 47–48. 47 – Micracanthia ornatula (Reuter, 1881), ♂, Qadub (body length 2.84 mm); 48 – Saldula niveolimbata (Reuter, 1900), ♀, Skand Mt. (3.43 mm).

Figs 49–53.49 –Arher,a spring near the sea coast (5 m a.s.l.), habitat of Ochterus papaceki Kment & Carapezza,2020,Anisops debilis socotrensis Brown, 1956, Mesovelia vittigera Horváth,1895,Hebrus kanyukovae sp.nov.,Microvelia macani Brown,1953,Rhagovelia infernalis socotrensis Brown,1956 and Micracanthia ornatula (Reuter,1881).50– Wadi Madar (1,170 ma.s.l.), habitat of Anisops d.socotrensis, A.varius Fieber,1851,Mesovelia vittigera, Microvelia macani, and Rhagovelia i. socotrensis. 51 –Skand Mt.,helocreneunder the top (1,450 ma.s.l.), habitatof Microvelia gracillima Reuter,1882 andSaldula niveolimbata (Reuter, 1900). 52 – Tudhen, helocrene (1,135 m a.s.l.), habitat of Mesovelia vittigera, Hebrus sp., and Microvelia gracillima Reuter, 1882. 53 –Wadi Zerig with a large pool (655 m a.s.l.), habitat of Micronecta eupompe Hutchinson, 1930, Sigara hoggarica Poisson,1929,Anisops d.socotrensis, A.varius, Hebrus kanyukovae sp.nov.,Limnogonus cereiventris (Signoret,1862), andMicracanthia ornatula. (Orig.P.Kment:Figs 49–52;J.Hájek:Fig.53).