Indohya cardo Harvey & Burger, 2023

Harvey, Mark S., Burger, Mieke A. A., Abrams, Kym M., Finston, Terrie L., Huey, Joel A. & Perina, Giulia, 2023, The systematics of the pseudoscorpion genus Indohya (Pseudoscorpiones: Hyidae) in Australia, Zootaxa 5342 (1), pp. 1-119 : 57-60

Indohya cardo Harvey & Burger , n. sp.

( Figs. 1–3 , 5 , 25 , 26 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D1B8A3D-9362-4703-82F9-A07F9DA27B61

Material examined. Holotype male. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Cardo Bore, 41 km NW. of Hamersley Range , 22°08′31″S, 116°13′15″E, 13 May 2009, troglofauna trap, 15 m, D. Kamien ( WAM T113253 ).

Paratype. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: 1 ♀, Cardo Bore, 56.2 km S. of Pannawonica , 22°08′31″S, 116°13′15″E, 7–10 July 2009, troglofauna trap, 15 m, J. Cairnes, D. Keirle ( WAM T98709 ) .

Other material. AUSTRALIA: WesternAustralia : 2Ô, BungarooValley , 37km SSE. Pannawonica, 21°57′04.23″S, 116°27′48.90″E, 26 May 2015, hand foraging, F. Leng ( WAM T137769 , T150082 ); 2 ♀, ca. 8 km, 217° from Mt Delphine, 22°16′51.06″S, 116°34′00.28″E, 20 June 2012, litter sifting, staff from Phoenix Environmental Sciences ( WAM T122109 , T126311 ); 1 Ô, 42 km SSE. of Pannawonica, 21°59′16.03″S, 116°29′51.31″E, 10 May–6 July 2012, wet pitfall, staff from Phoenix Environmental Sciences ( WAM T126303 ) ; 1 Ô, 27 km SSW. of Pannawonica , 21°52′11.39″S, 116°13′51.94″E, 8–6 July 2012, wet pitfall, staff from Phoenix Environmental Sciences ( WAM T126304 ); 1 ♀, ca. 130 km WNW. of Tom Price, 22°27′22.47″S, 116°32′50.38″E, 28–30 May 2013, wet pitfall trap, A.E. Leung ( WAM T128498 ) .

Diagnosis. Indohya cardo is an epigean species with two pairs of eyes and 14 setae on the carapace ( Fig. 26A ), thus resembling I. boltoni , I. julianneae and I. karenae . It differs from them by the prominent and reclined chelal teeth in the basal half of the fixed chelal finger ( Fig. 26F ).

There are no unique nucleotide substitutions in COI mtDNA, but two specimens from the Bungaroo population had a substitution to G at base 1. The four sequenced specimens differ from all other sequenced specimens of Indohya by 11.7–28.7% (Table 2).

Description (adult). Colour ( Fig. 25 ): light yellow-brown, pedipalps and carapace red-brown.

Setae and cuticle: setae long, mostly straight and acicular; most cuticular surfaces smooth and glossy.

Chelicera: surface smooth; hand with 6 (Ô, ♀) setae, movable finger with 1 sub-medial seta, all setae acuminate; galea present, long, slender and slightly curved; fixed finger with 12 (Ô), 15 (♀) teeth, each approximately same size; movable finger with 6 (Ô, ♀) teeth, each approximately same size; with 2 dorsal and 1 ventral lyrifissures; lamina exterior absent; rallum with 7 (Ô, ♀) blades, all blades with anterior spinules, basal blade shorter than others.

Pedipalp ( Fig. 26B ): moderately slender; trochanter smooth, 2.31–2.50 (Ô) ×, 2.17–2.32 (♀) ×; femur broadest medially, proximal half and retrolateral margin lightly granulate, without dorsal tactile seta, with 3 stout retrolateral setae near base, 4.59–5.10 (Ô) ×, 4.65–4.88 (♀) ×; patella slightly broadened distally, smooth, with strongly pronounced pedicel, with several small lyrifissures situated basally on dorsal surface, 3.09–3.44 (Ô) ×, 2.92–3.21 (♀) ×; chela ( Fig. 26C ): hand robust, with prolateral face lightly granulate, chela (with pedicel) 4.08–4.45 (Ô) ×, 4.05–4.39 (♀) ×, chela (without pedicel) 3.83–4.21 (Ô) ×, 3.80–4.1 (♀) ×, hand (without pedicel) 1.64–1.8 (Ô) ×, 1.67–1.85 (♀) × longer than broad, movable finger 1.27–1.34 (Ô) ×, 1.20–1.25 (♀) × longer than hand (without pedicel). Fixed finger with 8 trichobothria, eb, esb and isb in straight row at base of finger, ib situated dorsally at the end of the chelal hand, isb at the basal end of the fixed finger, ib situated on dorsum of chelal hand, it closer to et than to est, et slightly distal to it; movable finger with 4 trichobothria, sb much closer to b than to st, st situated much closer to t than to sb, ratio sb–st / sb–b = 1.83–2.68 (Ô), 1.84–2.00 (♀), t acuminate. Both fingers straight in lateral view. Fixed finger smooth, movable finger with several retrolateral granulations basally. Chelal teeth ( Figs. 26D–F ) juxtadentate, fixed finger with 48–55 (Ô), 51 (♀) teeth, teeth 1–2, 30–33, 36–37, 39, 42–55 pointed, remainder rounded or truncate (Ô), teeth 1–2, 31, 33–35, 37, 39–51 pointed, remainder rounded or truncate (♀), movable finger with ca. 22 (Ô), 14 (♀), low teeth. Venom apparatus present only in movable chelal finger, venom duct long, terminating in nodus ramosus between sb and st.

Cephalothorax: carapace ( Fig. 26A ) sub-rectangular; smooth; anterior margin slightly convex; epistome absent; lateral margins slightly convex; posterior margin straight; 1.00–1.33 (Ô), 1.12–1.37 (♀) × longer than broad; with 14 setae arranged 4: 2: 4: 2: 2 (Ô, ♀) (1 Ô with 3 setae in posterior row); without furrows; with two pairs of corneate eyes, situated near anterior margin of carapace. Manducatory process distally triangular, with 2 distal setae; pedipalpal coxa with 6 (Ô, ♀) additional setae. Coxa I with anterior margin not modified; chaetotaxy of coxae I–IV: Ô, 3: 4: 4: 6; ♀, 4: 5: 5: 7.

Legs: femora I and II much longer than patellae I and II, respectively; femora I and II with basal swelling; femora I and II each with 2 primary slit sensilla, 1 sub-basally and 1 sub-distally, both directed longitudinally; junction between anterior femora and patellae perpendicular; junction between posterior femora and patellae slightly oblique; femora III and IV much smaller than patellae III and IV, respectively; femur + patella IV 3.08 (Ô) ×, 3.05 (♀) × longer than broad; metatarsi shorter than tarsi; subterminal tarsal seta acuminate; claws smooth, arolium slightly shorter than claws; arolium not divided.

Abdomen: tergites not divided; tergal chaetotaxy Ô, 4: 5: 6: 6: 8: 8: 8: 8: 7: 6 (including 2 tactile setae): 6 (including 2 tactile setae): 2; tergal chaetotaxy ♀, 4: 6: 8: 8: 8: 8: 8: 8: 8: 6 (including 4 tactile setae): 4 (including 4 tactile setae): 2; arranged in single rows; sternal chaetotaxy Ô, 14: (2) 8 [2 + 2] (2): (3) 21 (3): 8: 10: 9: 10: 8: 6 (including 4 tactile setae): 4 (including 2 tactile setae): 2; ♀, 17: (2) 10 (2): (2) 10 (2): 12: 12: 10: 10: 8: 6 (including 4 tactile setae): 4 (including 2 tactile setae): 2; setae of anterior genital operculum (sternite II) of ♀ minute; posterior tergites and sternites with several tactile setae; medial sternites without suture line; pleural membrane uniformly granulate; without setae; stigmatic helix present.

Genitalia: male: lateral genital sacs large and ovoid; median genital sac short and ovoid; ejaculatory duct atrium large and rounded; dorsal apodeme wing-like; without a pair of large dorsal genital sacs; with 2 pairs of setae within genital atrium. Female: with large gonosac that is covered with scattered pores.

Dimensions (mm): male holotype ( WAM T113253 ) (followed by 2 other males, when measured, in parentheses). Body length (excluding chelicerae) 1.45 (1.78–1.84). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.300 / 0.130 (0.295–0.325/0.120–0.135) , femur 0.790 / 0.155 (0.735–0.795/0.160–0.170), patella 0.550 / 0.160 (0.510–0.600/0.160–0.175), chela (with pedicel) 1.245 / 0.280 (1.115–1.225/0.270–0.300), chela (without pedicel) length 1.180 (1.070 –1.150), chelal hand (without pedicel) length 0.495 (0.460 –0.505), movable finger length 0.660 (0.610 –0.650). Carapace 0.560 / 0.420 (0.530– 0.580/0.470–0.580), anterior eye diameter 0.040, posterior eye diameter 0.035. Leg IV: femur + patella 0.585 / 0.190 , tibia 0.415 / 0.085, metatarsus 0.205 / 0.065, tarsus 0.365 / 0.045.

Female paratype ( WAM T98709 ) (followed by 2 other females, when measured, in parentheses). Body length (excluding chelicerae) 1.57 (ca. 1.39–1.66). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.270 / 0.120 (0.290–0.315/0.125–0.145) , femur 0.805 / 0.165 (0.725–0.790/0.160–0.170), patella 0.530 / 0.165 (0.495–0.525/0.160–0.180), chela (with pedicel) 1.295 / 0.295 (1.150–1.295/0.275–0.320), chela (without pedicel) 1.210 (1.080 –1.215), hand (without pedicel) 0.545 (0.460 / 0.565), movable finger length 0.680 (0.575 –0.655). Carapace 0.615/0.480 0.555/0.405–0.495), anterior eye 0.045, posterior eye 0.035. Leg IV: femur + patella 0.595 / 0.195, tibia 0.415 / 0.115, metatarsus 0.210 / 0.065, tarsus 0.360 / 0.060.

Distribution and remarks. Indohya cardo has been recorded from several localities in the western Pilbara region ( Fig. 4 ), but with a total distributional range of ca. 1,000 km 2. Most specimens were collected from litter samples or pitfall traps, although the type specimens were collected from a troglofauna trap at 15 m below ground level. The species was previously known by WAM identification code Indohya ‘PSE171’.

Conservation assessment. Indohya cardo is widely distributed in the western Pilbara and has a recorded distribution of ca. 1,000 km 2. It does not meet the criteria for threatened under the categories of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (2012), and is here regarded as best fitting the category of Least Concern.

Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Cardo Bore.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Hyidae and other neobisioids, based on alignment of concatenated COI, 18S and 28S. Ultrafast bootstrap values are presented for nodes greater than 80%.

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Australian Indohya, using COI, 18S and 28S concatenated dataset. Bootstrap values are presented for all nodes. The genes amplified for each specimen are depicted with black squares in the gene matrix.

FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Australian Indohya, using COI. Bootstrap values are presented for all nodes.

FIGURE 4. Map of north-western Australia depicting recorded distributions of the epigean species of Indohya from the Pilbara.

FIGURE 5. Maps of north-western Australia depicting recorded distributions of the subterranean species of Indohya from the Pilbara and Cape Range region.

FIGURE 25. Indohya cardo Harvey & Burger, n. sp.: male (WAM T137769): A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, cephalothorax, dorsal; female (WAM T122109): A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, cephalothorax, dorsal. Scale lines = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 26. Indohya cardo Harvey & Burger, n. sp., holotype male (WAM T113253): A, carapace, dorsal; B, right pedipalp, dorsal; C, left chela, retrolateral; D, left movable finger, chelal teeth, retrolateral; E, left fixed finger, chelal teeth, retrolateral; F, left fixed finger, chelal teeth, retrolateral. Scale lines = 0.5 (Figs. B, C), 0.25 mm (Fig. A), 0.1 mm (Figs. D, E).