Indohya anastomosa Harvey & Burger, 2023

Harvey, Mark S., Burger, Mieke A. A., Abrams, Kym M., Finston, Terrie L., Huey, Joel A. & Perina, Giulia, 2023, The systematics of the pseudoscorpion genus Indohya (Pseudoscorpiones: Hyidae) in Australia, Zootaxa 5342 (1), pp. 1-119 : 21-33

Indohya anastomosa Harvey & Burger , n. sp.

( Figs. 1–3 , 5 , 7 , 8 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1A339D1C-AB50-4CF7-8042-D8260AC62E35

Indohya sp. : Benavides et al. 2019: 3, 4, figs. 3, 4.

Material examined. Holotype female. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Breakdown Maze , cave C-111, 21°55′03.3″S, 114°00′19.5″E, 28 August 2016, R. D. Brooks, W.F. Humphreys, J.M. Waldock ( WAM T141292 ).

Diagnosis. Indohya anastomosa belongs to a group of Indohya species that have 12 setae on the carapace and no eyes. It differs from all others except I. aquila and I. humphreysi by the presence of only 2 setae on tergite I. It differs from I. aquila by being larger [e.g. pedipalpal chela (with pedicel) 2.175 mm (♀) in I. anastomosa and 1.120 mm (Ô) in I. aquila ] and from I. humphreysi by the position of trichobothrium isb which is midway between esb and ist in I. humphreysi and closer to esb than to ist in I. anastomosa ( Fig. 8C ).

There are no unique nucleotide substitutions in COI mtDNA that distinguish this species from all other species of Indohya . The holotype differs from all other sequenced specimens of Indohya by 10.1–26.0% (Table 2).

Description (adult). Colour ( Fig. 7 ): carapace and pedipalps deep yellow-brown, tergites light brown.

Setae and cuticle: setae long, mostly straight and acicular; most cuticular surfaces smooth and glossy.

Chelicera: surface smooth; hand with 6 setae, movable finger with 1 sub-medial seta, all setae acuminate; galea present, long, slender and slightly curved; fixed finger with 17 (♀) teeth, each approximately same size; movable finger with 10 (♀) small teeth, each approximately same size; with 2 dorsal and 1 ventral lyrifissures; lamina exterior absent; rallum with 8 (♀) blades, all blades with anterior spinules, basal blade shorter than others.

Pedipalp ( Fig. 8B ): long and slender; trochanter smooth, 2.57 (♀) ×; femur slightly broadened distally, basal half lightly granulate, without dorsal tactile seta, with 3 stout retrolateral setae near base, 6.40 (♀) ×; patella slightly broadened distally, smooth, pedicel not strongly pronounced but basal portion slimmer than distal portion, with several small lyrifissures situated basally on dorsal surface, 4.21 (♀) ×; chela ( Fig. 8C ): hand ovoid, with distal regions lightly granulate, chela (with pedicel) 4.35 (♀) ×, chela (without pedicel) 4.10 (♀) ×, hand (without pedicel) 1.60 (♀) × longer than broad, movable finger 1.48 (♀) × longer than hand (without pedicel). Fixed finger with 8 trichobothria ( Fig. 8C ), eb, esb and isb in straight row at base of finger, ib situated dorsally at the end of the chelal hand, isb at the basal end of the fixed finger, ib situated on dorsum of chelal hand, it closer to et than to est, et distal to it; movable finger with 4 trichobothria, sb much closer to b than to st, st situated much closer to t than to sb; ratio sb–st / sb–b = 1.87 (♀); t acuminate. Both fingers straight in lateral view. Fixed and movable fingers granulate basally, smooth elsewhere. Chelal teeth ( Fig. 8D ) juxtadentate, fixed finger with 80 (♀) teeth, teeth 1–12, 51, 54, 56, 58, 60–80 pointed, remainder rounded, movable finger with 44 (♀), low teeth. Venom apparatus present only in movable chelal finger, venom duct long, terminating in nodus ramosus slightly basal to st.

Cephalothorax: carapace ( Fig. 8A ) sub-rectangular; smooth; anterior margin slightly convex; epistome absent; lateral margins slightly convex; 1.34 (♀) × longer than broad; with 12 setae arranged 4: 0: 4: 2: 2; without furrows; eyes absent. Manducatory process distally triangular, with 2 distal setae; pedipalpal coxa with 6 additional setae. Coxa I with anterior margin not modified; chaetotaxy of coxae I–IV: ♀, 4: 5: 4: 6.

Legs: femora I and II much longer than patellae I and II, respectively; femora I and II with basal swelling; femora I and II with primary slit sensillum directed transversely; junction between anterior femora and patellae perpendicular; junction between posterior femora and patellae slightly oblique; femora III and IV much smaller than patellae III and IV, respectively; femur + patella IV 4.40 (♀) × longer than broad; metatarsi shorter than tarsi; subterminal tarsal seta acuminate; claws smooth, arolium slightly shorter than claws; arolium not divided.

page

Indohya finitima Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. next the on

Indohya damocles Harvey & Volschenk Continued

...

Indohya furtiva Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya cardo Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya boltoni Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya humphreysi (Harvey)

Indohya anastomosa Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya catherineae Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

5.0

Indohya aphana Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. –

0.0

. Indohya Indohya arnoldstrongi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. – 10.4 0.0 – 16.8 18.9 of species Indohya alexanderi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. – 7.5 3.7 14.7 17.6 – 16.5 – 19.1 sequenced Indohya morganstrongi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. – 23.4 21.9 – 26.7 24.7 – 26.0 26.1 – all for Indohya rixi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. – 18.5 – 22.6 – 26.1 23.9 –

table 21.2 22.7 23.8 distance Indohya adlardi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. 5.1 1.1– 9.5 9.1- 18.2 19.1 - –23.4 21.4 21.4 – 25.8 – 22.1 23.8 pairwise Number of sequenced specimens 3 1

.

1 3 6 4

2.

COI adlardi Burger &

,

rixi Harvey , sp. nov, Burger & TABLE Indohya Harvey nov.. sp Indohya Burger & Indohya morganstrongi Harvey sp. nov. alexanderi Indohya & Harvey Burger, sp nov.. Indohya arnoldstrongi Harvey &, Burger. nov. sp aphana Indohya &, Burger Harvey nov.. sp

Indohya arcana Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. page

Indohya sp. ‘PSE240’

next the on

Indohya karenae Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. Continued

...

Indohya typhlops Harvey

Indohya jessicae Harvey & Burger, sp. nov.

Indohya lynbeazleyae Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Indohya cribbi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya silenda Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya incomperta Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Indohya scanloni Harvey & Burger, sp. nov.

Indohya sagmata Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya cockingi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya currani Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya sachsei Harvey & Burger , sp. nov.

Indohya julianneae Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Continued () 2. adlardi Harvey ,. nov sp. rixi Harvey & sp. nov. morganstrongi & Burger, sp. alexanderi Burger , &. sp arnoldstrongi Burger &,. sp Harvey aphana ,. nov. sp catherineae & Burger, sp. anastomosa & Burger,. sp TABLE Indohya & Burger Indohya Burger , Indohya Harvey. nov Indohya Harvey nov. Indohya Harvey nov. Indohya & Burger Indohya Harvey. nov Indohya Harvey. nov

Indohya arcana Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. page

Indohya sp. ‘PSE240’

next the on

Indohya karenae Harvey & Burger nov

, sp

.

. Continued

...

Indohya typhlops Harvey

Indohya jessicae Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Indohya lynbeazleyae Harvey & Burger,

sp. nov.

Indohya cribbi Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. Indohya silenda Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. Indohya incomperta Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Indohya scanloni Harvey & Burger, sp.

nov.

Indohya sagmata Harvey & Burger , sp. 7.3

–

nov. 0.4

Indohya cockingi Harvey & Burger , sp. 5.3 17.6

– –

nov. 0.9 16.5

27.3 24.5 Indohya currani Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. – – –

22.7 24.3

18.8 27.0 25.5 Indohya sachsei Harvey & Burger , sp. nov. 2.1 – – –

18.6 23.8 24.3

Indohya julianneae Harvey & Burger, sp. 16.6 29.9 26.8

– – 19.1 – –

nov. 15.3 26.4 26.0 Continued) (

2

. humphreysi Harvey boltoni

,

nov sp.. cardo Harvey

,

.. nov sp Harvey furtiva

,

nov.. sp damocles

&

Volschenk finitima Harvey

,

nov.. sp julianneae

&

, Burger sp. Harvey sachsei

,

. nov sp. Harvey currani

,

sp. nov. cockingi Burger ,

&

. sp sagmata Burger ,

&

. sp

TABLE Indohya (Harvey

) Indohya Burger & Indohya & Burger Indohya Burger & Indohya Harvey Indohya & Burger Indohya Harvey nov. Indohya & Burger Indohya Burger & Indohya Harvey. nov Indohya Harvey nov.

Abdomen: tergites not divided; tergal chaetotaxy ♀, 2: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4 (including 2 tactile setae): 4 (including 2 tactile setae): 2; arranged in single rows; sternal chaetotaxy ♀, 19: (2) 6 (2): (3) 4 (3): 6: 8: 9: 7: 8: 8: 4 (including 2 tactile setae): 2; setae of anterior genital operculum (sternite II) of ♀ minute; posterior tergites and sternites with several tactile setae; medial sternites without suture line; pleural membrane uniformly granulate; without setae; stigmatic helix present.

Genitalia: female: with large gonosac that is covered with scattered pores.

Dimensions (mm): female holotype ( WAM T141292 ). Body length (excluding chelicerae) 2.01 (but crumpled). Pedipalp : trochanter 0.565 / 0.220 , femur 1.535 / 0.240, patella 1.200 / 0.285, chela (with pedicel) 2.175 / 0.500, chela (without pedicel) 2.050, hand (without pedicel) 0.800, movable finger length 1.185. Carapace 0.945 / 0.705 . Leg IV: femur + patella 1.100 / 0.250, tibia 0.775 / 0.135, metatarsus 0.380 / 0.095, tarsus 0.695 / 0.065.

Distribution and remarks. Indohya anastomosa has been recorded from a single cave, C- 111 in Cape Range ( Fig. 5 ). A specimen of this species was used to generate transcriptome data by Benavides et al. (2019). The species was previously known by WAM identification code Indohya ‘PSE209’.

Conservation assessment. The cave that specimens of I. anastomosa were located is situated outside of the Cape Range National Park but is in a relatively intact landscape. Therefore, the species does not appear to meet the status of threatened using the criteria developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (2012).

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Breakdown Maze, alluding to the maze or networklike cave (anastomosis, Greek, formation of a network).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Hyidae and other neobisioids, based on alignment of concatenated COI, 18S and 28S. Ultrafast bootstrap values are presented for nodes greater than 80%.

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Australian Indohya, using COI, 18S and 28S concatenated dataset. Bootstrap values are presented for all nodes. The genes amplified for each specimen are depicted with black squares in the gene matrix.

FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Australian Indohya, using COI. Bootstrap values are presented for all nodes.

FIGURE 5. Maps of north-western Australia depicting recorded distributions of the subterranean species of Indohya from the Pilbara and Cape Range region.

FIGURE 7. Indohya anastomosa Harvey & Burger, n. sp., holotype female (WAM T141292): A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, cephalothorax, dorsal. Scale lines = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 8. Indohya anastomosa Harvey & Burger, n. sp., holotype female (WAM T141292): A, carapace, dorsal; B, right pedipalp, dorsal; C, left chela, retrolateral; D, teeth, left fixed finger. Scale lines = 1.0 mm (Fig. B), 0.5 mm (Figs. A, C), 0.1 mm (Fig. D).