Marma pipa, Salgado & Ruiz, 2020

Salgado, Alexandre & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2020, Taxonomic revision of Marma Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4899 (1), pp. 287-353 : 315-317

Marma pipa sp. nov.

Figures 25–28 , 57C , 58E

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from type locality.

Diagnosis. Males of M. pipa sp. nov. are most similar to those of M. nigritarsis , both of which have a thick embolic disc with a straight prolateral edge and curved retrolateral edge ( Figs 25C , 27A , 36C , 37A , 57C, E ). However, they differ by having a shorter process on the embolic disc and a shorter embolus ( Figs 57C, E ). Also, the base of the embolus shaft is larger in M. pipa sp. nov. ( Figs 27E , 28A , 37G , 40C ). The general pattern of the epigynal structures among M. pipa sp. nov. and M. nigritarsis are similar, with both having copulatory ducts that encircle the primary spermathecae ( Figs 26 C–D, 27G, 58E, G). However, females of M. pipa sp. nov. can be distinguished by having the primary spermathecae with different widths (being dilated at their basal portion and thinner at their distal end; Figs 26 C–D, 27G, 58E), whereas in M. nigritarsis the primary spermathecae is evenly wide throughout their length ( Figs 35 H–I, 37I, 58G).

Description. Male (Holotype, MPEG 34352). Total length: 3.14. Carapace 2.05 long, 1.47 wide, 0.98 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.92 long. Anterior eye row 1.25 wide, posterior 1.02 wide. Legs 1432. Length of legs: I 4.52 (1.38 + 1.76 + 1.38); II 3.52 (1.11 + 1.27 + 1.14); III 4.10 (1.36 + 1.43 + 1.31); IV 4.14 (1.24 + 1.36 + 1.54).

Leg macrosetae: Femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II–IV d1-1-1, p1di, r1di. Patella I–II 0; III–IV p0, r1. Tibia I p0-1-0, r0, v2-2-2; II p0-1-0 (or p1-1-0), r0-1-0, v1r-2-2 (or v1r-1r-2); III–IV p0-1-1-0, r1-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-2. Metatarsus I p1-1, r0, v2-2; II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0-2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2 (or v1p-0-2); IV p-1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1p-0-2.

Color in alcohol ( Figs 25 A–B): carapace with triangle of scales pointing backwards; areas around triangle with dense concentration of scales; abdomen ventrally with three longitudinal dark stripes, almost fused, and pale edge; legs: femur I with prolateral surface with dark stripe and distal region with a dark retrolateral spot, II distal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot, III with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark prolateral spot, IV with dark distal ring; tibia I–II with dark proximal ring, III–IV with proximal and distal dark ring; tarsus I almost black, II without dark marks; III–IV with dark proximal spot.

Palp: RTA finger-shaped ( Figs 25D , 27B ); embolic disc thick, with straight prolateral edge and curved retrolateral edge ( Figs 25C , 27A ); PED slighty longer than exposed portion of embolic disc, emerging from prodistal part of embolic disc ( Figs 27A, E ); tip of embolus ending beyond tip of PED ( Figs 27A, E ).

Female (Paratype, MPEG 34349). Total length: 3.68. Carapace 2.09 long, 1.63 wide, 1.10 high. Ocular quadrangle 1.11 long. Anterior eye row 1.38 wide, posterior 1.22 wide. Legs 4312. Length of legs: I 3.44 (1.09 + 1.33 + 1.02); II 3.37 (1.10 + 1.22 + 1.05); III 4.38 (1.42 + 1.52 + 1.44); IV 4.45 (1.26 + 1.51 + 1.68).

Leg macrosetae: Femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II–IV d1-1-1, p1di, r1di. Patella I–II 0; III–IV p0, r1. Tibia I p0-1-0, r0, v1r-1-2; II p0-1-0, r0-1-0, v1r-2-2; III p0-1-1-0, r1-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-2; IV p0-0-1-0 (or p0-1-1-0), r1-1-1-0, v2di (or v1p-0-0-2). Metatarsus I–II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0-2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2 (or v1p-0-2); IV d1p-0-0, p1-0-2 (or p1-1-2), r1-0-2 (or r1-1-2), v0-1p-2.

Color in alcohol ( Figs 26 A–B): carapace as in male; legs: femur I prolateral surface with dark stripe and distal region with dark retrodorsal spot, II distal region with dark dorsal spot and proximal region with dark prolateral spot, III distal region with dark dorsal spot and proximal region with dark proventral spot, IV with dark distal ring and proximal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot; tibia I–II with dark proximal ring and distal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot, III–IV with proximal and distal dark ring; tarsus I–II without dark marks, III–IV with dark proximal ring.

Epigyne ( Figs 26 C–D, 27F–G, 28E–F): copulatory openings very close to each other and placed more anteriorly than primary spermathecae; copulatory ducts longer and encircling primary spermathecae; proximal copulatory ducts approximately with same length as distal section; primary spermathecae with dilated initial portion, tapering towards the fertilization ducts; primary spermathecae anteriorly projected.

Type material. Holotype ♁: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Norte: Tibau do Sul, Pipa , 06°13’42.5”S, 35°02’55.5”W, leg. G.R.S Ruiz, IV.2017 ( MPEG 34352 ).

Paratype: Same data as holotype, 1♀ ( MPEG 34349 ) .

Other material examined. Same data as holotype, 1♁ 1♀ ( MPEG 37129 ) .

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 59B ).

Figures

FIGURE 25. Male holotype of Marma pipa sp. nov. (MPEG 34352). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D left palp (C ventral; D retrolateral).

FIGURE 26. Female paratype of Marma pipa sp. nov (MPEG 34349). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D cleared epigyne/ vulva (C ventral, D dorsal). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; ets—endothe- cal spikes; fd—fertilization duct; PS—Primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 27. Marma pipa sp. nov. A–E left male palp (A ventral; B retrolateral; C proventral; D dorsal; E cleared bulb, ventral); F–G epigyne/vulva (F ventral; G cleared, ventral). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cd—copu- latory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 28. Marma pipa sp. nov. A–D left male palp (A dissected embolic disc and embolus, dorsal; B tibia and cymbium, ventral; C detail of embolus shaft, dorsal; D detail of proximal region of cymbium, ventral). E–F epigyne/vulva (E dorsal; F detail of right secondary spermatheca, dorsal). Abbreviations: cc—cymbial conductor; e—embolus shaft; PED—process on embolic disc; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca. Black arrow in A shows groove; white arrow in B shows retroventral projection of cymbium; white arrows in C show spikes of embolus shaft.

FIGURE 35. Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900). A–D male holotype, collection of E. Simon deposited in the MNHN (A habitus, dorsal; B ventral; C right palp reflected as left palp, proventral; D label data). E–F male holotype of Pseudoamphidraus variegatus Caporiacco, 1947, MZLS 597 (A habitus, dorsal; B ventral). G–I female holotype of Marma trifidocarinata Caporiacco, 1947, MZLS 549 (G habitus, dorsal; H cleared epigyne/vulva, ventral; I dorsal). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; fd—fertilization duct; PS—primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 36. Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900), specimens from Belém/Pará/Brasil. A–D male, MPEG 34357 (A habitus, dorsal; B ventral; C left palp, ventral; D retrolateral). E–F female, MPEG 34358 (E habitus, dorsal; F ventral).

FIGURE 37. Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900). A–E, G specimen from Belém/Pará/Brazil. F holotype illustrated by Galiano (1962), reflected.A–G left male palp (A ventral, B retrolateral, C proventral, D dorsal, E–F retroventral; G cleared bulb, ventral). H–I female holotype of M. trifidocarinata Caporiacco, 1947, epigyne/vulva (H ventral; I cleared, ventral).Abbreviations: BG— Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 40. Male of Marma nigritarsis (Simon, 1900). A–D left palp (A apical region of cymbium, ventral; B tibia and proximal region of cymbium, ventral; C dissected embolic disc and embolus, dorsal; D detail of embolus shaft, dorsal). Abbreviations: cc—cymbial conductor; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; PED—process on embolic disc. Black arrow in B shows retroventral projection of cymbium; in C shows groove; white arrow in C shows projection of embolus base; white arrows in D show spikes of embolus shaft.

FIGURE 57. Left male palp, ventral [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. pipa sp. nov.; D M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; E M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); F M. sinuosa sp. nov., G M. argentina (Mello-Leit„o, 1941), H M. rosea (Mello- Leit„o, 1941), I M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures.

FIGURE 58. Epigyne/vulva, A–C, E–K ventral, D dorsal [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. abaira sp. nov.; D M. femella (Caporiacco, 1955); E M. pipa sp. nov.; F M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; G M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); H M. sinuosa sp. nov.; I M. argentina (Mello-Leitão, 1941); J M. rosea (Mello-Leitão, 1941); K M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures; arrow in D shows hypothetical position of secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 59. Maps of South America showing records of Marma species (A species previously described; B new species). Record from the state of Amazonas (Brazil) in Fig. 59A is taken from Zhang & Maddison (2015).