PTEROPTOCHINA (SCLATER, 1858)

Maurício, Giovanni Nachtigall, Areta, Juan Ignacio, Bornschein, Marcos Ricardo & Reis, Roberto E., 2012, Morphology-based phylogenetic analysis and classification of the family Rhinocryptidae (Aves: Passeriformes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166 (2), pp. 377-432 : 415-416

SUBTRIBE PTEROPTOCHINA (SCLATER, 1858) ,

NEW RANK

Type genus: Pteroptochos Kittlitz, 1830 .

Included genera: Pteroptochos and Scelorchilus .

Diagnosis.

Exclusive changes:

Char. 18.1, Ectethmoid extending well above the level of the culmen.

Char. 22.1, Rostral surface of the ectethmoid with a projection over its lateral portion.

Char. 23.1, Rostral surface of the ectethmoid with a projection in the medial portion.

Non-exclusive changes:

Char. 28.0, Foramen present in the rostral surface of the lacrimal; also present in the outgroup genus Pitangus .

Char. 51.0, Synsacral vertebrae with paired fenestrae throughout the entire length of the synsacrum; convergent in the outgroup genera Conopophaga , Geositta , and Pitangus .

Char. 55.1, Posterolateral tendinal canal of the hypotarsus open; convergent in Myornis and the outgroup genera Dendrocolaptes , Formicarius , and Conopophaga .

Char. 85.1, Syringeal dorsoventral intrinsic muscle present; convergent in Acropternis and the outgroup genus Melanopareia .

Bremer support for this clade: 7.

Genus Pteroptochos Kittlitz, 1830 (type species: Pteroptochos megapodius Kittlitz, 1830 ).

Included species: Pteroptochos megapodius Kittlitz, 1830 , P. tarnii (King, 1831) , and P. castaneus Philippi and Landbeck, 1864 .

Diagnosis.

Non-exclusive changes:

Char. 3.0, Wide nasal process of the premaxilla; convergent in Acropternis and Eugralla and primitively found in Liosceles and most outgroup taxa.

Char. 24.1, Ectethmoid with a medial opening; convergent in Scytalopus sp. and S. latrans .

Bremer support for this clade: 2.

Genus Scelorchilus Oberholser, 1923 (type species:

Pteroptochos rubecula Kittlitz, 1830 ).

Included species: Scelorchilus rubecula ( Kittlitz, 1830) and S. albicollis ( Kittlitz, 1830) .

Diagnosis.

Non-exclusive changes:

Char. 11.1, Long transpalatine process; this condition is also found in Liosceles , Psilorhamphus, Merulaxini , and half of the outgroup genera.

Char. 40.0, Manubrium with long processes; a reversal – convergent in Rhinocryptina – to a condition primitively found in Liosceles and all outgroup taxa.

Char. 50.1, Distance between the posterior projections of the ilium within 1.2–1.8 times the width of the caudalmost sacral vertebrae; a reversal to a condition found in most outgroup genera.

SUBTRIBE SCYTALOPODINA (J. MÜLLER, 1847) NEW RANK

Type genus: Scytalopus Gould, 1837

Included genera: Eugralla , Myornis and Scytalopus .

Diagnosis.

Exclusive changes:

Char. 35.1, Short temporal fossa.

Char. 36.1, Paraoccipital process with a dorsal, pointed projection.

Char. 44.1, Unfused clavicles, with no hypocleideum.

Char. 64.2, Processus vocalis mostly ossified, with a cartilaginous base.

Char. 71.1, Left Processus vocalis shorter than the right one.

Non-exclusive change:

Char. 27.3, Lacrimal vestigial; convergent in Psilorhamphus .

Bremer support for this clade: 6.

Genus Eugralla Lesson, 1842 (type species: Troglodytes paradoxus Kittlitz, 1830 ).

Included species: Eugralla paradoxa ( Kittlitz, 1830) .

Diagnosis.

Exclusive change:

Char. 66.2, Processus vocalis, in lateral view, wide caudally and cranially and narrow in between.

Non-exclusive changes:

Char. 3.0, Wide nasal process of the premaxilla (mesorrinum); convergent in Pteroptochos and Acropternis due to a reversal from state 1 to 0 in these genera; primitivelly present in Liosceles and most outgroup taxa.

Char. 67.0, Cranial portion of the Processus vocalis cranially oriented (i.e. oriented as the main axis of the Processus); a reversal to a condition found in Liosceles , Psilorhamphus , Acropternis , and most outgroup taxa.