Staphylus (Vulga) vulga Grishin, 2023

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, Insecta Mundi 2023 (26), pp. 1-115 : 34-35

Staphylus (Vulga) vulga Grishin , new species

https://zoobank.org/ 1ECE61F4-A057-4903-8706-D6CD468A8B87

( Fig. 3 part, 77–78, 295–297)

Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic analysis that included syntypes of Staphylus vulgata (Möschler, 1879) (type locality in Colombia) reveals that Panamanian specimens identified as this species are strongly differentiated genetically from and are not even monophyletic with it ( Fig. 3), e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 5.9% (39 bp). These specimens are sister to Staphylus vula new species but differ genetically from it (e.g., COI barcodes differ by 1.5%, 10 bp), and, therefore, represent a new species. This new species keys to S. vulgata (E.32.6(a)) in Evans (1953) and differs from its relatives by the following combination of characters: costa of valva strongly convex, nearly angled at the dorsal-most point, valva broader in lateral view, expansion of ampulla directed distad and slightly ventrad towards its end, and reaches about the middle of harpe, its terminal spines longer, harpe semi-triangular, distally rounded, with concave near its base dorsoposterior margin ( Fig. 295–297). Due to the cryptic nature of this species, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly361.16.7:C229T, aly887.42.4:A63G, aly116.34.5:G392A, aly727.17.5:G94T, aly728.49.1:T1077C, and COI barcode: A40G, T50T, 85A, A202A, 400T.

Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-18058C11, GenBank OR837657, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTGGGAACTTCTTTAAGTATTCTTATTCGATCAGAATTAGGAACCCCAGGATCTTTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACTGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATT GACTTGTACCTCTTATATTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGTTTTTGATTATTACCCCCATCCTTAATACTTTTAAT TTCAAGTAGCATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACTGGATGAACTGTATATCCCCCACTTTCAGCCAATATTGCCCATCAAGGTTCATCTGTAGATTTA GCTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCCATTTTAGGAGCAATTAACTTCATCACAACTATTATTAATATACGAATTAATAATTTATCAT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGAGCTGTAGGAATTACAGCATTACTTTTACTCCTATCTTTACCAGTATTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTT AACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCCGCTGGAGGAGGTGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

Type material. Holotype: ♂ deposited in the National Museum of Natural History , Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA ( USNM), illustrated in Fig. 77–78, bears the following five rectangular labels, four white:

[ PANAMA: 500m. | Darien, Cana | 3 Jan. 1984 | Gordon Small], [ Staphylus ♂ | caribbea (Williams | and Bell) | det. H. A. Freeman], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-18058C11 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01466697], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♂ | Staphylus | vulga Grishin ]. Paratype: 1♂ NVG-18058B12, USNMENT_01466686 Panama: Panama, Bayano , “8°[likely 9°]03′N 78°40′W ”, 26-Oct-1974, G. B. Small leg., genitalia vial H-2198 by H. A. Freeman.

Type locality. Panama: Darien Province, Cana, elevation 500 m.

Etymology. The name is formed from the species epithet of S. vulgata (in Latin, vulgate means common). By slightly shortening the name, it refers to this species in the middle of the range of the S. vulgata complex. The name is a noun in apposition.

Distribution. Recorded from eastern Panama.