Cladocera

Chertoprud, Elena S., Sinev, Artem Y. & Dimante-Deimantovica, Inta, 2017, Fauna of Cladocera and Copepoda from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (China), Zootaxa 4258 (6), pp. 561-573 : 563-564

Cladocera

Diaphanosoma macrophthalma Korovchinsky & Mirabdullaev, 1995 . We identified the species in Xinjiang for the first time. This species is distributed in Central and East Asia from Uzbekistan to Japan and penetrates south to North-East Thailand . However, it is rarely recorded in China. It was found in both the Hubei and Guangdong provinces (Xiang et al. 2015) and on Hainan Island (Sinev et al. 2015). A detailed description has been reported by Korovchinsky & Mirabdulaev (1995) and Korovchinsky (2004).

Ceriodaphnia reticulata (Jurine, 1820) . The species is rare in China and has been previously reported twice in Xinjiang (Xiang et al. 2015). The morphology of the studied specimens ( Fig. 2A–D ) did not differ from the European populations ( Hudec 2010). A detailed description of this species is provided by Hudec (2010).

Sampling regions

Species Bogda Shan Meander lakes near Тarim Meander lake near

River Kaidu River Tianchi Lake Sigong River Shayar Ljuntaj Valley Village area Village area Cladocera

Diaphanosoma macrophthalma + + Korovchinsky & Mirabdullaev, 1995 *

Coronatella rectangula (G.O. Sars, + 1962)

Chydorus sphaericus (O.F. Müller, +

1776) s. lat.

Dunhvedia crassa King, 1853 + + Copepoda

Cyclops cf. herberti Einsle, 1996 ** +

Cyclops strenuus (Fischer, 1851) +

Mesocyclops dissimilis Defaye & + + Kawabata, 1993 *

Mesocyclops pehpeiensis Hu, 1943 + Thermocyclops crassus (Fischer, 1853) + Eucyclops roseus Ishida, 1997 ** + + Total number of species 2 3 6 6 5

* - new records for Xinjiang; ** - new records for China.

Simocephalus mixtus G.O. Sars, 1903 . This is the first report of the species in Xinjiang . The species is widely distributed in all climatic zones of the Northern Hemisphere (Orlova-Bienkowskaia 2001). S. mixtus was recorded once in continental China in the Heilongjiang province (Xiang et al. 2015). However, it is a common species on Hainan Island (Sinev et al. 2015). A detailed description of this species is provided by Orlova-Bienkowskaia (2001).

Scapholeberis kingi G.O. Sars, 1903 . This is the first report of the species in Xinjiang. The species is predominantly Palaeotropical and is common in China . The distribution penetrates into North to northeast China ( Xiang et a l. 2015). A detailed description of this species is provided by Dumont & Pensaert (1983).

Coronatella rectangula (G.O. Sars, 1962) . The species is common in China and was recorded in the Xinjiang region by Chiang (1964). It is a widely distributed Palaearctic species. A detailed description of this species is provided by Van Damme & Dumont (2008).

Chydorus sphaericus (O.F. Müller, 1776) s. lat. This taxon is common in Xinjiang (Ji et al. 2015). Recent studies revealed that Palearctic C. spahericus s. lato is a complex of sibling species, which can be recognised genetically and by morphology of gamogenetic specimens ( Belyaeva & Taylor, 2009; Kotov et al., 2016). We collected parthenogenetic females and therefore its taxonomic status is unclear.

Dunhvedia cf. crassa King, 1853 . This is a common species in China (Ji et al. 2015) and has been reported in Xinjiang by Chiang & Du (1979). D. crassa has been described from Australia and now is reported worldwide ( Smirnov 1996), which suggests this Chydoridae is part of a species complex ( Frey 1982). The Xinjiang population does not significantly differ from the Australian (see Smirnov 1996) and European populations (see Flössner 2000; Hudec 2010) in respect to the morphology of females ( Fig. 2 E–H). However , there is a difference in the shape of the postabdominal claw. The claw is irregularly curved ( Fig. 2 .I) . Both the Australian and European populations have an evenly curved claw. The males in the studied populations ( Fig. 2 J–L) and in the populations from China reported by Chiang & Du (1979) differ from the males of European populations (see Flössner 2000; Hudec 2010). Males from China populations have a long basal spine on the postabdominal claw ( Fig. 2 K) whereas in European populations the basal spine is much shorter. Our data suggest that D. crassa s. lato in Eurasia consists of at least two sibling-species and should be revised. The current taxonomic status of the Xinjiang populations cannot be clarified because the males from Australian populations of D. crassa s. str. are unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 2. A – D, Ceriodaphnia reticulata (Jurine, 1820) from China, Xinjuang, Ljuntaj area, meander lakes near the Тarim River. A – C, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view. B – C, postabdomen. D, ephippial female. E – L. Dunhvedia cf. crassa King, 1853 from China, Xinjuang, from China, Xinjuang, Ljuntaj area, meander lakes near Тarim River. E – I, parthenogenetic female. E, lateral view. F, dorsal view. G, posteroventral corner of valves. H, distal part of head shield. I, postabdomen. J – L, adult male. J, lateral view. K, postabdomen. L, copulatory hook of limb I.