Stagmatoptera

Rodrigues, Henrique Miranda & Cancello, Eliana Marques, 2016, Taxonomic revision of Stagmatoptera Burmeister, 1838 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Stagmatopterinae), Zootaxa 4183 (1), pp. 1-78 : 8

Key to species of Stagmatoptera

1. Forewings with a spot or dark stripes around the stigma ( Figs. 2 ; 56; 57)........................................ 2

- Forewings without spots or stripes ( Fig. 58 ).............................................. Stagmatoptera indicator

2. Female forewings with two brown stripes, the basal-most is larger and branched, the apical one is smaller and simple ( Fig. 5 7 ).............................................................................. Stagmatoptera abdominalis

- Forewings with a spot different than one described above ( Figs. 2 ; 26; 54)....................................... 3

3. Anterior femoral spot extending at least to the 8th anteroventral spine ( Fig. 9 B)................................... 4

- Anterior femoral spot absent or extending at most to the 6th anteroventral spine ( Fig. 9 A; 9F)........................ 8

4. Spot on stigma large, reaching the posterior margin of the forewings ( Fig. 23 )................. Stagmatoptera biocellata

- Spot on stigma smaller, not reaching the posterior margin of the forewings ( Figs. 26 ; 54)............................. 5

5. Spot on the stigma with two dark brown stripes on the laterals that frequently do not join on the posterior end ( Fig. 54 ). Frontal shield with 4 carinae ( Fig. 32 D)...................................................... Stagmatoptera reimoseri

- Spot on the stigma with a semi-circular brown spot ( Figs. 26 ; 27). Frontal shield with only 2 carinae ( Fig. 3 B).......... 6

6. Spot on stigma of males completely enveloped by a green stripe on the discoidal area ( Fig. 25 ). Large males, 80 mm or longer. Tibial spur and first anteroventral tibial spine black..................................... Stagmatoptera cerdai sp. n.

- Spot on stigma of males only partially enveloped by a green stripe on the discoidal area ( Fig. 26 ). Medium-sized males, 60 to 80 mm long. Only tibial spur is black.................................................................... 7

7. Prothorax broad, 3.3–3.6 times longer than wide in males, 4–4.3 times in females. Internal femoral spot reaching the 10th anteroventral spine ( Fig. 9 B)...................................................... Stagmatoptera diana sp. n.

- Prothorax slender, between 4–4.4 times longer than wide in males, 4.6–5.1 times in females. Internal femoral spot reaching the 8th anteroventral spine ( Fig. 9 E)...................................................... Stagmatoptera femoralis

8. Fore- and hindwings of males not reaching abdominal apex (female unknown) ( Fig. 53 )........... Stagmatoptera pumila

- Fore- and hindwings of males at least reaching abdominal apex ( Fig. 52 ).......................................... 9

9. Metazona strongly crenulated in both sexes ( Figs. 5 A; 6A)................................... Stagmatoptera binotata

- Metazona of females lightly crenulated ( Figs. 6 E; 35A; 35B; 35D; 35E), smooth in males ( Figs. 5 F; 34A; 34B; 34E; 34F). 10

10. Anterior surface of foretibia with a small dark spot at the base of spines 5–6 or 6–7 ( Figs. 40 A; 40E; 40F)............. 11

- Anterior surface of the foretibia without dark spots........................................................ 13

11. Spot on the male’s pterostigma with a white component; in females, the spot is circular with a brown shading ( Fig. 30 ). Male antennomeres filiform................................................................... Stagmatoptera pia

- Spot on the male’s pterostigma without a white component; in females, the spot is oval-shaped, with dark and light brown regions ( Figs. 55 ; 56). Male antennomeres serrated.......................................................... 12

12. Spot on the male’s stigma with a hyaline region that lacks cross-veins; spot on the female’s stigma do not reach the middle of the discoidal area. Female’s hindwings hyaline with yellow stripes on the cross-veins ( Fig.55 )..................................................................................................... Stagmatoptera septentrionalis

- Spot on the male’s stigma with a hyaline region presenting cross-veins; spot on the female’s stigma surpass the middle of the discoidal area, reaching its margin. Female’s hindwings largely yellow, the posterior margin is hyaline with yellow stripes ( Fig. 56 )............................................................................ Stagmatoptera supplicaria

13. Spot on stigma rounded and medium size, pattern like in Fig. 29 ........................... Stagmatoptera hyaloptera

- Spot on stigma rounded and small, pattern like in Fig.52 ................................... Stagmatoptera precaria

Figures

FIGURE 2. Stagmatoptera binotata, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 3. Stagmatoptera spp., frontal view of head (males). A, Stagmatoptera binotata; B, S. diana sp. n.; C, S. cerdai sp. n.; D, S. biocellata; E, S. femoralis; F, S. hyaloptera. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Stagamatoptera spp., dorsal view of pronotum (males). A, Stagmatoptera binotata; B, S. diana sp. n.; C, S. cerdai sp. n.; D, S. biocellata; E, S. femoralis; F, S. hyaloptera. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 6. Stagmatoptera spp., dorsal view of pronotum (females). A, Stagmatoptera binotata; B, S. diana sp. n.; C, S. biocellata; D, S. femoralis; E, S. hyaloptera. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Stagmatoptera spp., anterior view of forecoxae (males). A, Stagmatoptera binotata; B, S. diana sp. n.; C, S. cerdai sp. n.; D, S. biocellata; E, S. femoralis; F, S. hyaloptera. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Stagmatoptera spp., anterior view of forefemora (males). A, Stagmatoptera binotata; B, S. diana sp. n.; C, S. cerdai sp. n.; D, S. biocellata; E, S. femoralis; F, S. hyaloptera. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 23. Stagmatoptera biocellata dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 25. Stagmatoptera cerdai sp. n. dorsal habitus of male. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 26. Stagmatoptera diana sp. n. dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 29. Stagmatoptera hyaloptera dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 30. Stagmatoptera pia dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 32. Stagmatoptera spp. Frontal view of head (males). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 40. Stagmatoptera spp., anterior view of foretibiae (males). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 52. Stagmatoptera precaria, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 53. Stagmatoptera pumila, dorsal habitus and labels. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 54. Stagmatoptera reimoseri, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 55. Stagmatoptera septentrionalis, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 56. Stagmatoptera supplicaria, dorsal habitus. A, male; B, female. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 58. Stagmatoptera indicator, original illustration from Stoll (1787, 1813).