Erysivena schuhi, Symonds & Cassis, 2018

Symonds, Celia L. & Cassis, Gerasimos, 2018, Systematics And Analysis Of The Radiation Of Orthotylini Plant Bugs Associated With Callitroid Conifers In Australia: Description Of Five New Genera And 32 New Species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (422), pp. 1-229 : 194-197

Erysivena schuhi , new species

Figures 14 , 69 , 74 ; map 5

DIAGNOSIS: Defined by the following characters: midsized; head enlarged anteriorly; eyes large; labium extending to metacoxae; tip of cuneus and forewing membrane veins red; pygophore, dorsal margin strongly asymmetrically concave, with two tergal processes; left tergal process linear; far right tergal process linear, uniformly broad, without basal lobe; left paramere moderately expanded, with round, broad sensory lobe, apophysis elongate, unhooked apex, rests flexed back over ventral surface of pygophore; right paramere C-shaped, distinctive, with elongate smooth distal shaft, expanded medial flange, and small basal serrate process; aedeagus with PES complex, weakly constricted above broad base, without subbasal or medial process; DES2 unbranched with small medial process; DES1 unbranched, bent medially, with prominent medial lobe, distally serrate; female mIRL subquadrate, two-thirds height of laIRL.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Midsize, elongate, body length 3.68–4.12 mm, pronotal width 1.02–1.26 mm. COLORATION: Dorsum yellowish green, faded; cuneus tip red; forewing membrane light gray-brown with darker patches laterally and in major cell, membrane veins red with color bleeding onto surrounding membrane (fig. 14). VES-

TITURE: Dorsum with moderately dense distribution of light-brown simple setae. STRUC-

TURE: Head: Weakly expanded anteriorly; clypeus round in dorsal view; eyes large, extending well beyond anterolateral angle of pronotum; antennae with AI subequal to vertex width, AII 1.1× pronotal width; labium medium length, extending to metacoxae. Hemelytra: Cuneus and major cell of membrane moderately short, major membrane vein slightly round (fig. 14). GENI-

TALIA: Pygophore: Dorsal margin of genital opening strongly asymmetrically concave, with two tergal processes; left lateral tergal process linear, elongate, margins serrate, curved downward distally; right lateral tergal process linear, margins serrate, broad at base, without basal lobe; ventral margin of genital opening slightly round (convex) with round cup-shaped phalloguide situated just inside and protruding over ventral margin; phalloguide with short, slightly sclerotized lobe ventrad to right paramere articulation, edge with very small serrations (not visible in illustration) (fig. 69A). Left paramere: Moderately expanded medially; sensory lobe broad, round; apophysis greatly elongate, inner margin smooth; apex curved inward slightly, apex not hooked (fig. 69B); left paramere flexed back over ventral surface of pygophore at rest. Right paramere: C-shaped, base of paramere with short serrate process; medial flange dorsal margin, expanded, subtriangular, directed inward; apex expanded, strongly curved round to medial flange, tip of apex curved outward; medial flange with few small toothlike serrations at point; apex and subapical outer margin serrate, with smooth apical shaft between (fig. 69C). Phallotheca: Dorsal opening large; apex round; ventral surface without lateral bicompression or tumescence; right dorsal margin with large lobe medially (fig. 69D). Aedeagus: Spicule arrangement (fig. 69): PES left lateral to slightly ventral of and partially sheathing secondary gonopore, DES2 dorsal to PES and secondary gonopore, DES1 dorsad of DES2, all originating proximal to base of secondary gonopore; PES complex, moderately narrow, weakly constricted above base, tapering to apex, few serrations present on distal margin; without subbasal straplike process; DES2 unbranched, medial threadlike process present; DES1 simple, unbranched, bent medially with large medial lobe, distally serrate, basal keel (DESk) elongate (fig. 69E).

Female: Subequal in size to male, body length 3.35–4.08 mm, pronotal width 1.06–1.13 mm.

GENITALIA: IRS, posterior margin straight; mIRL entirely separated from laIRL; laIRL straight, very slightly curved inward at apex, base spiniferous but without lobe; mIRL twothirds height of laIRL, subquadrate, distally serrate (fig. 74).

ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of Toby Schuh in recognition of his support for this project and immense contribution to the discovery and documentation of Australian Miridae .

HOST PLANTS: Known from Callitris glaucophylla in New South Wales and Callitris verrucosa and an unidentified Callitris species in South Australia (table 2).

HOLOTYPE: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Murda State Forest , 33.015 ° S 147.201 ° E, 24 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 1♂ ( UNSW _ ENT 00041623 ) ( AM).

PARATYPES: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: Euglo Dam , 33.415 ° S 147.135 ° E, 18 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 2♂ ( UNSW _ ENT 00041667 , UNSW _ ENT 00041668 ) ( AM) ; 17 Sep 1997, G. Cassis, Callitris glaucophylla , 1♀ ( UNSW _ ENT 00041769 ) ( AM). Murda State Forest , 33.0175 ° S 147.26611 ° E, Sep 1997, F. Christie, Callitris glaucophylla , 5♂ ( UNSW _ ENT 00041715 – UNSW _ENT

00041719), 1♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041726) ( AM). Murda State Forest, 33.015 ° S 147.201 ° E, 24 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 4♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041624– UNSW _ENT 00041627), 3♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041628– UNSW _ ENT 00041630) ( AM). Murda State Forest, Parkes-Condoblin, 33.015 ° S 147.201 ° E, 25 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 16♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041637– UNSW _ENT 00041648, UNSW_ENT 00041708, UNSW_ENT 00041740– UNSW _ENT 00041742), 1 adult (sex unknown) ( UNSW _ENT 00041649), 9♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041661– UNSW _ENT 00041666, UNSW_ENT 00041743– UNSW _ENT 00041745) ( AM), 2♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041631, UNSW _ENT 00041632), 2♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041657, UNSW _ ENT 00041658) ( AMNH), 2♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041635, UNSW _ENT 00041636) ( SAMA), 2♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041633, UNSW _ENT 00041634), 2♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041659, UNSW _ ENT 00041660) ( UNSW). Roadside remnant near Condobolin Tip, 33.07505 ° S 147.14466 ° E, 25 Sep 1997, Australian Museum, Callitris glaucophylla , 4♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041682, UNSW _ENT 00041683, UNSW_ENT 00041709, UNSW _ENT 00041712), 2♀ ( UNSW _ENT 00041713, UNSW _ ENT 00041714) ( AM). Taratta State Forest, 32.8 ° S 147.03333 ° E, 25 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 11♂ ( UNSW _ENT 00041690– UNSW _ENT 00041699, UNSW _ENT 00041736) ( AM). South Australia: Scorpion Springs Cons. Park, 35.62872 ° S 140.8598 ° E, 100 m, 09 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Callitris verrucosa , det. RBG Sydney NSW427497, 2♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00016558, 00016559) ( AM). Scorpion Springs Cons. Park, 35.60421 ° S 140.8646 ° E, 125 m, 10 Nov 1998, Schuh, Cassis, Silveira, Callitris verrucosa , det. RBG Sydney NSW427497, 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00016555) ( AM), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00000190, 00000197) ( AMNH), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00016556, 00016557) ( SAMA). Road to Streaky Bay from Poochera, 32.73441 ° S 134.7605 ° E, 100 m, 21 Oct 1996, Schuh and Cassis, Callitris sp. , det. Field ID, 1♀ ( AMNH _PBI 00003929), 1♂ ( AMNH _PBI 00000146) ( AMNH).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: AUSTRA- LIA: New South Wales: Murda State Forest, 33.015 ° S 147.201 ° E, 24 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 10 juv. ( UNSW _ ENT 00041815– UNSW _ENT 00041824) ( AM). Murda State Forest, Parkes-Condoblin, 33.015 ° S 147.201 ° E, 25 Sep 1997, AM Terr. Ecol. Dept., Callitris glaucophylla , 7 juv. ( UNSW _ENT 00041650– UNSW _ENT 00041656) ( AM).

DISTRIBUTION: Known from nine localities in South Australia, Scorpion Springs Conservation Park and near Streaky Bay on the Eyre Peninsula from sandy shrublands and from the central western woodlands of New South Wales (map 5). Cooccurring with seven other species (table 2) in different parts of its range, most commonly with Blattakeraia hochuli in New South Wales, and recorded with three other Erysivena species , including the closely related E. apta .

REMARKS: The right paramere of E. schuhi is very distinctive with a basal process and greatly elongate apex (fig. 69C), which is unique within Erysivena . Erysivena schuhi is closely related to E. apta , and can be distinguished by differences in the left paramere, right paramere, pygophore tergal processes, and DES1 and DES2 endosomal spicules (cf. figs. 69, 49). DES1 is simple, unbranched, and bent in both species, but in E. schuhi it is more downcurved at the apex and has a large medial swollen lobe (fig. 69E), whereas in E. apta DES 1 is S-shaped and points upward at the apex (fig. 49F). DES2 has a medial process and broad serrate apex that is distally projected (fig. 69E), whereas in E. apta, DES 2 lacks a medial process and is moderately tapered and down curved at the apex (fig. 49E). When collected with E. apta , males of E. schuhi can be easily distinguished by the linear, unbranched left tergal process of the genital opening (fig. 69A), the anteriorly flexed left paramere, and the greatly expanded right paramere (fig. 69C).

Females of Erysivena schuhi cannot be differentiated externally when collected with E. apta , as both species have the prominent red marking on the cuneus, the red from the hemelytral veins extending onto the surrounding membrane, and both have an elongate labium. The head shape of females of both species differs a little. As in the males, the females of E. schuhi have larger eyes and a shorter head anteriorly, compared to E. apta , whereas the females have reduced eye size compared to conspecific males.

Erysivena schuhi and E. drepanomorpha share a character that unique within the genus, namely the left paramere flexes back anteriorly over the ventral surface of the pygophore (e.g., fig. 52B). When collected with E. drepanomorpha , males and females of E. schuhi can be distinguished by the strong red cuneal tip and slight infusion of red from the veins onto the surrounding membrane (fig. 14). Males of these two species are readily separated by structures of the tergal processes and right parameres (cf. figs. 69 and 53).

When collected with E. schwartzi , which also has a red cuneal tip on the hemelytra, males of E. schuhi can be distinguished by the flexed left paramere and right paramere shape (cf. figs. 69C and 70C). The females of these two species are subtly differentiated by the smaller more subovate wing membrane vein and weak infusion of red from veins onto the membrane (fig. 14).

Erysivena schuhi also shares some characters with E. kalbarri . The left paramere and DES2 are similar to those of E. kalbarri . The medial process on DES 2 in this species is still small but not as fine and short as that of E. kalbarri (fig. 59E).

Figures

FIG. 14. Erysivena species, dorsal habitus photographs of males. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIG. 69. Male genitalia of Erysivena schuhi. A. Pygophore, dorsal. B. Left paramere, ventral. C. Right paramere, left dorsolateral. D. Phallotheca, right lateral. E. Aedeagus, right lateral. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIG. 74. Erysivena female genitalia: right interramal lobes of species, posterior wall of E. schuhi, dorsal. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.