Xiruana tetraseta ( Mello-Leitão, 1939 ), Mello-Leitao, 1939

Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2015, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical spider genus Xiruana Brescovit 1997 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Anyphaeninae), Zootaxa 3980 (2), pp. 201-229 : 208-210

Xiruana tetraseta ( Mello-Leitão, 1939)

Figs 5 A–H; 15B

Teudis tetrasetus Mello-Leitão, 1939: 92 , figs 85, 86 (male lectotype and immature paralectotype, designated by Forcart 1961: 64, from Bemalcue, Paraguay, 1985, Dr C. Terntz leg., deposited in MHNB, 1221a, examined). Xiruana tetraseta: Brescovit, 1997: 104 .

Diagnosis. Males of X. tetraseta resemble those of X. silarae n. sp. by the palp with a digitiform projection at the base of the embolus, but differs by having the median tibial apophysis extremely long and by the smooth border of the conductor of Anyphaeninae ( Figs 5 A, D–F). The females resemble those of X. pocone n. sp. by the shape of the epigynal plate, but differs by the very wide median septum, with the lateral ends of the anterior border projecting on the atrium and internally with a transversal, anterior sclerotized handle ( Figs 5 G, H).

Description. Male (MHNB 1221a). Coloration as in X. hirsuta . Total length 5.7, carapace length 2.75, width 2.05. Clypeus height 0.07. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.15, PME 0.16, PLE 0.15; AME– AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.12, ALE–PLE 0.03. Chelicerae 1.2 long, with five promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I —femur 2.55/ patella 1.15/ tibia 2.65/ metatarsus 2.4/ tarsus 1.2/ total 9.95; II—2.30/ 1.05/ 2.0/ 1.85/ 0.85/ 8.05; III—1.85/ 0.85/ 1.3/ 1.5/ 0.6/ 6.1; IV— 2.65/ 1.0/ 2.1/ 2.8/ 0.75/ 9.3. Leg spination: I—tibia v2-1 -1, p0-1-0, r0-1-0, metatarsus v2-2 -2, p0, r0; II—tibia v2- 1 -1, p0, r0-1-0, metatarsus v1-2 -2, p0; III—tibia v1-2 -2, metatarsus r1-1-0. Palp: retrolateral tibial apophysis with long, curved posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis and short, slender anterior branch of the prolateral tibial apophysis ( Figs 5 D–F); median apophysis not projected at base ( Figs 5 D–C). Abdomen: length 3.2, epigastric furrow 0.4 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.5 from base of spinnerets.

Female (IBSP 165975). Coloration as in male. Total length 7.5, carapace length 3.1, width 2.4. Clypeus height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.1, ALE–PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 1.7 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I—femur 2.6/ patella 1.2/ tibia 2.4/ metatarsus 2.2/ tarsus 1.0/ total 9.4; II—2.4/ 1.2/ 2.1/ 2.0/ 0.9/ 8.6; III—1.8/ 0.9/ 1.48/ 1.5/ 0.6/ 6.28; IV—2.9/ 1.1/ 2.4/ 3.0/ 0.8/ 10.2. Leg spination: I—tibia v2-2 -0, p0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; II—tibia v2-2 -0, p0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; III—tibia v1-2 -2, p0-1-1, r0-1-1; IV—tibia v1-2 -2, p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Abdomen: length 4.3, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.3 from base of spinnerets. Epigynum: spermathecae oval, fertilization ducts long, two times the length of spermathecae, seminal receptacles with short ducts, in the middle of the copulatory ducts ( Figs 5 G, H).

Variation. Males (n = 8): total length 4.2–8.0; carapace 1.9–2.9; femur I 2.0–3.0. Females (n = 10): total length 5.5–10.2; carapace 2.4–3.6; femur I 1.8–3.0.

Other material examined. VENEZUELA, Bolívar: 35 km SW Puerto Ordaz (8°07’19”S; 63°33’00”W), 1♂, 13.VII–02.VII.1987, Peck leg., in Malaise ( AMNH). BRAZIL, Maranhão: Rio Maracaçume (02°02'34"S; 45°57'32"W), Aldeia Maracaçume, 80Km East of Canindé, Rio Gurupi, 4♂, 6♀, 22–23.V.1963, B. Malkin leg. ( AMNH); Paraíba: Santa Terezinha, Km 23 (07°06'57"S; 37°27'07"W), 1♀, 29.III.1978, P.F.L. Duarte leg. ( IBSP 165978); 1♀, 21.VIII.1978, P.F.L. Duarte leg. ( IBSP 165975); Distrito Federal: Brasília (15°47'S; 47°55'W), Reserva do IBGE, Cerrado biome, 1♂ ( UNB 905); Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães (15°27'39"S; 55°45'00"W), 3♂, 6♀, 5#J, XI.1963, M. Alvarenga leg. ( AMNH); Minas Gerais: Águas Vermelhas (15°44'49"S; 41°27'36"W), 1♂, 12.III.1985, M. Renner leg. ( IBSP 166752); Lagoa Santa (19°37'45"S; 43°53'23"W), 1♀, 26.XI.1960, A. Martina leg. ( MZSP 9794); São Paulo: Pirassununga (21°59'46"S; 47°25'33"W), 1♀, 5.II.1949, O. Shubart leg. ( MZSP 9792); Rio Claro (22°24'39"S; 47°33'39"W), 1♀, 11.X.2008, L.M. Stavale leg. ( IBSP 123746). PARAGUAY. Asunción: (25°16'55.91"S; 57°38' 6.36W), Jardín Botánico, 1♂, K. Fiebrig leg. ( ZMB); 1♂, 1#J, VII.1961, N.L.H. Krauss leg. ( AMNH).

Distribution. Central Venezuela, Midwest and Southeast Brazil, Central and South Paraguay ( Fig. 15 B).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Xiruana tetraseta (Mello-Leitão): A male left palp, ventral view (arrow: basal embolar projection); B same, retrolateral view; C same, median apophysis; D male palpal tibia, retrolateral view; E same, retrodorsal view; F same, dorsal view; G female epigynum, ventral view; H same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: MTA, median tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A 0.4 mm; B 0.2 mm; C 0.05 mm; H 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 15. Known distribution of Xiruana species.