Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira

Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, Zootaxa 5049 (1), pp. 1-84 : 41-42

Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira

( Figs 27A–F , 57 )

Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008: 117 , figs 15–21, 38; Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 420 , fig. 120 (key, distr.). Type locality: Parque Nacional do Jaú, Amazonas, Brazil.

Diagnosis. Medium size (3.6 mm) ( Fig. 27A ). Antenna yellow, except postpedicel brown; postpedicel elongated, about 3 x longer than scape and pedicel combined, covered with dense pubescence ( Fig. 27B ). Prosternum fused to proepisternum. Scutum rounded, lower than mesopleuron in lateral view, yellow to pale brown, with a quadrangular dark brown spot on anterior third ( Figs 27C, D ). Legs yellow and slender ( Figs 27A, E ). Wing sub-hyaline; pterostigma pale brown, short, round, placed distal to apex of R 1 ( Fig. 27F ). Abdomen weakly sclerotized ( Fig. 27A ).

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas , Parque Nacional do Jaú, 8–16.iv.2001, 01°53′04″S 61°35′11″W ” “Arm [armadilha] Susp [suspensa] 20m, Floresta, Henriques & Vidal” “Holótipo, Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira ” [red label] . Holotype condition: good; not dissected.

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Roraima: Xitei (Xidea), 02°36′24″N 63°52′17″W, 20.ix.1995, L.S. Aquino, Arm. Malaise (1 ♀, INPA) . Amazonas: Manaus, Res. Ducke, Igarapé Barro Branco , Arm. Suspensa 20 m, 06–16.xii.2004, Henriques, A. Leg. (1♂, INPA) ; Ipixuna, Rio Liberdade, Estirão da Preta , 07º21′46.7″S 71º52′07.1″W, 11–15.v.2011, Arm. Malaise, J.A. Rafael, J.T. Câmara, R.F. Silva, A. Somavilla, C. Gonçalves, leg. (1 ♂, INPA) .

Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Roraima *) ( Fig. 57 ).

Variation. The female from Roraima has the base of the postpedicel yellow and the scutum pale brown, slightly darker than on the holotype.

Remarks. This unusual species is probably the most autapomorphic in the genus, by the following set of characters: postpedicel very long, about 3 x longer than preceding segments combined (the longest for the genus up-to-date), prosternum fused to proepisternum, abdomen weakly sclerotized and epandrial lamella with 1 long dorsoapical projection, about half-length of lamella ( Ale-Rocha & Vieira 2008, fig. 17). The prosternum is fused to the proepisternum forming a precoxal bridge that does not seem to be homologous to that of the other Brazilian species of Syneches : S. catarinae , S. curvipes , S. rafaeli and S. walkeri because in these latter species, the prosternum has a wide connection with the proepisternum ( Fig. 2C ), while in S. longiflagellatus these sclerites are connected by a narrow region.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Syneches Walker. Proepisternum and prosternum.A. Syneches fuscescens Bezzi, 1909 (male from Peru). Proepisternum short, prosternum isolated, not fused to proepisternum; B. Syneches striatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016 (male from Mato Grosso). Proepisternum long, prosternum isolated, not fused to proepisternum; C. Syneches catarinae Smith, 1962 (male from Santa Catarina). Prosternum fused to proepisternum. Abbreviations: cx 1—coxa 1; prepm—proepisternum; prst—prosternum.

FIGURE 27. Syneches longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008. A–E. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Head, dorsal view; C. Thorax, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Hind leg, anterior view. F. Male from Amazonas. Wing.

FIGURE 57. Syneches Walker. Geographical records of S. annulipes Bezzi, 1909; S. flaviscutellatus sp.nov. and S. longiflagellatus Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008 in Brazil.