Syneches applanatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016

Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, Zootaxa 5049 (1), pp. 1-84 : 17-18

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F9647501-7F6B-4286-AEEE-19B620F697ED
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5579513
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0384CB1B-A462-C94D-9689-2E63FB62FC88
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Syneches applanatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha
status

Treatment

Syneches applanatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha View in CoL

( Figs 8A–F View FIGURE 8 , 50 View FIGURE 50 )

Syneches applanatus Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 409–411 View in CoL View Cited Treatment , figs 19–25, 105, 118. Type locality: Manaus , Amazonas, Brazil.

Diagnosis. Medium size (4.4 mm) ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ). Ocellar triangle flat ( Figs 8A, 8C View FIGURE 8 ). Scutum covered with reddish brown pruinescence, but prescutellar disc clearly contrasting with gray pruinescence and dc stripe of yellowishgray pruinescence ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ). Legs with coxae, trochanters, basal 3/4 of fore and mid femora, hind femur and all tarsomeres 5 brown to reddish brown, hind tibia with brown ring at mid-length and hind tarsomere 1 brown with yellow base and apex, otherwise yellow ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ); hind femur strongly swollen in males (about 2 x wider than in females), bearing 1AV series of spiniform bristles inserted on short tubercles ( Fig. 8E View FIGURE 8 ). Wing sub-hyaline, pale brown; pterostigma brown, short and round, 1.5 x longer than wide, in between apices of R 1 and R 2+3, but only its posterior margin touching R 2+3 ( Fig. 8D View FIGURE 8 ).

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( INPA) labelled: “ BRASIL, Amazonas , Manaus , PDBFF-WWF Proj : Bert Klein ” “ Reserve 1301” “ ii.1985, Malaise ” “ Holótipo, Syneches applanatus, Menezes & Ale-Rocha ” [red label] . Holotype condition: good, but both antennae lost; not dissected.

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Careiro Castanho, BR-319, Km 181, Sítio São Paulo, 04°12′48″S 60°49′04″W, 13–27.vii.2016, Malaise grande 2, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F. (1 ♂, 1 ♀, INPA) GoogleMaps .

Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas). Syneches applanatus is known to occur only in the Amazon biome ( Fig. 50 View FIGURE 50 ).

Variation. Contrary to the males, the hind femora in females are not strongly swollen ( Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 ).

Remarks. Syneches applanatus is similar to S. repletus due to the flat ocellar triangle, pterostigma brown and round, ending near apex of cell r 1 and hind femur strongly swollen in males. However, S. applanatus differs from S. repletus by the fore and mid femora mostly brown to reddish brown, hind tibia with a brown ring at mid-length and hind femur bearing 1AV row of spiniform bristles inserted on short tubercles. In S. repletus , the fore and mid femora are yellow, hind tibia is yellow lacking dark ring, but with the apical half to apical third brown and tubercles of the hind femur much longer than those of S. applanatus . The original description states that the prescutellar disc bears reddish brown pruinescence ( Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016), but examination of the holotype revealed that the prescutellar disc is covered with gray pruinescence, contrasting with the rest of the scutum.